课 题 | 倒装小结；作文知识积累；完形中的记叙文体裁 | ||
授课时间：12.14 | 备课时间： 12.10 | ||
教学目标 | 完成课题要求 | ||
重点、难点 | 注重知识点的比较和运用 | ||
考点及考试要求 | 知识点的积累 | ||
教学内容 | |||
一．倒装小结： 为了强调或平衡句子结构，英语中常用倒装。倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did等,并将其置于主语之前。现将倒装句分类讲解如下： 1. 以here，there，now，then等地点或时间副词开头的句子,谓语动词是be, come, go, remain等，而主语又是名词时，用全部倒装。注意：如果句子的主语是代词时，则不倒装。 如：Here comes the bus!/ Here it comes! 2. 有些动词与副词out，in，up，down，away等构成不及物动词短语。为了使句子更生动，常将这些副词提前到句首，这时用全部倒装。注意：句子的主语是代词时，则不倒装。 如：Up went the rocket. / Up it went. 3. 将表示地点的介词短语放在句首进行强调时，使用全部倒装。谓语动词常为不及物动词。 如： From the window came the sound of music. 4. 当句子主语部分较长，谓语部分较短，或为了强调句子的表语时,常使用全部倒装。句子的结构为“表语+系动词+主语”。 如： Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat. 5. if虚拟条件状语从句中，如果将连词if省略，需用部分倒装。 如：Were I you, I would go there. 6. as引导的让步状语从句的倒装有如下几种形式： 1) 从句的谓语部分为“不及物动词+副词”时，常将此副词提前到从句句首。 如：Hard as you try, you will not succeed. 2) 从句的谓语部分为“情态动词+不及物动词”时，常将此动词提前到从句句首。 如： Wait as you may, he will not e you. 3) 从句的谓语部分是“系动词+形容词”时，常将此表语形容词提前到从句句首。 如： Proud as the nobles are, they are afraid to e me. 4) 从句的谓语部分是“系动词+单数名词”时，则常将这个表语提前，但要省略名词前的不定冠词。 如： Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong. 7. 具有（半）否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，用部分倒装。如：ldom, rarely, not, never, by no means, in no time, when, han, but also等。 如： Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lessons. 8. “only+状语”位于句首时, 用部分倒装。 如：Only then did I know the importance of English. 9. so...that结构中，有时要强调so所修饰的形容词或副词，常将so 连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提前放在句首。 如： So bright was the moon that the flowers em as bright as by day. 练习： 1. The factory was built in a cret place, around _________ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were (1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are (2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are (3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chine food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A. that B. which C. where D. what 3. David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like. 1.）David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 2.)It was not such a good dinner _________ she had promid us. A. like B. that C. which D. as 4. The bus, most of _________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. that B. it C. them D. which (1) His hou, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000. A. that B. it C. them D. which (2) Ashdown forest, through _________ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer. A. that B. it C. them D. which (3) This I did at nine o’clock, after _________ I sat reading the paper. A. that B. it C. them D. which (4) Her sons, both of _________ work abroad, will come back home this summer. A. that B. who C. them D. whom (5) I met the fruit-pickers, veral of _________ were still university students. A. that B. who C. them D. whom 5. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _________ invited to his wedding.冼星海简介 A. whom B. them C. which D. who (1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that (2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that (3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _________ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 6. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents ated together joking. A. their B. who C. which D. that (1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were ated together joking. A. their B. who C. which D. that (2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _________ parents were ated together joking. A. their B. who C. which D. that (3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sitting together joking. A. their B. who C. which D. that (4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sat together joking. 茁壮成长的意思 A. their B. who C. which D. that (5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. who C. which D. that 7. If the man is only interested in your looks, _________ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that (1) If you promi to go with us, _________ will be OK. A. as B. which C. and it D. that (2) If you want a double room, _________ will cost another ￡15. A. as B. which C. what D. that (3) Whether you go or not, _________ is quite all right with me. A. that B. which C. and it D. so (4) When I say two hours, _________ includes time for eating. A. as B. which C. what D. that 倒装句型 [考题] 1. _____ that Marie was able to t up new branches elwhere. （陕西 2007） A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her business C. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business 2. —Did Linda e the traffic accident? —No, no sooner _____ than it happened. （天津 2006） A. had she gone B. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone 3. _____ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. （上海 2004） A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring 4. In the dark forests _____, some large enough to hold veral English towns. （辽宁 2005） A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes C. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand 5. _____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. （湖北 2006） A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 6. If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, _____. （2007全国卷II） A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will 彩色风景画7. —My room gets very cold at night. —_____. （江苏 2007） 系鞋带的方法 A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does 二．英文写作技巧 点亮你的文章 英语书面表达在高考中日益显得重要，高考书面表达已不只局限于把话说清楚，把意思表达完整，而是要给我们的句子润色，让我们的句子靓起来。很多人都强调用连词、介词等词汇手段迅速提高语言水平。但这种方法需要一定的积累，也需要一定的基础。而我觉得通过对低级句型的改造，可以迅速达到这一目的。 ◆强调句：可以轻松地将时间、地点、原因、方式等类型的状语从句转变为强调句。 It was not until I arrived home that I realized I had left the bag on the shop counter. It was then that I realized the importance of English. ◆倒装句：只要句中有介词短语或状语从句，便可将其提前，变成倒装句。 Only when I turned right at the crossing did that car crack towards me. Only by this means can he escape from the big fire. ◆with引导的伴随结构：可以将状语从句或并列句中的其中一个分句变成with结构。 With the sun lighting brightly and the birds singing clearly, I went to school in high spirits He always likes to sleep with the windows open. ◆巧妙地使用非谓语动词：可以将状语从句或并列的动词简化为非谓语动词。 Hearing that, the driver’s wife quickly added that her husband often talked nonn after drinking. (低级形式：When he heard that, ……) ◆恰到好处的被动句：适合应用于较简短的句子，这样显得语言简洁生动，宾语一般是nothing、anything、everything等不定代词。 Searched all my pockets, but nothing was found。 ◆感叹句：通常用于开头结尾活跃文章气氛，凡是“I feel ……”之类表达感情的句子皆可如此改造。 How terrible I felt today! I failed again in the math exam. ◆高级定语从句：若定语从句中的动词带有介词，只需将介词移至先行词后。 We came to a place to which they had never paid a visit before. ◆计算预产期公式进行时态：有时会含有一定情绪，尤其要使用always这样的富含感情色彩的副词。 I am always feeling terrible when I take a bus. ◆婉转表达：需要使用幽默的技巧，主要用于漫画型作文题。 I could find nothing but bad luck when I returned the shop after learning that my handbag had been left on the counter. ◆what引导的名词性从句：将动宾结构转化为此结构。 What he gave me, which I knew, were not only a Christmas prent but also a heart full of love and a mind of my existence in it. ◆“数词+名词”变为“as many as+数词+名词”。 As many as ten years ago, my hometown ud to be covered by forests ◆适当加一些不关痛痒的插入语：一些连词、副词可以放到句子中间充当语气较弱的插入语，如I guess、however、in a way、certainly、in my opinion、probably、briefly, generally speaking, believe it or not, besides, what’s more等，有时可以考虑几个插入语连用，就更像英美人士的文章了。 ◆独立主格：将主从句去掉连词，前句动词变为分词即可。 The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. ◆把简单句改成复合句：适当的时候把两个简单句改成“too….to…”或者“so…that…”等高级一点的复合句。例如： I was very tired. I couldn’t keep up with them.我们可以改成：I was so tired that I couldn’t keep up with them.或：I was too tired to keep up with them. 这样一来，英语基础不是很好的学生只要能够写出最基本的句子，然后再对这些句子进行加工、改造、润色，慢慢的，就会让句子靓起来，在高考中就可以得到比较满意的成绩。 土豆咖喱鸡专题训练（3） 1. It’s strange that I can’t find my car keys. I (记得把车钥匙放在) on the chair becau the phone rang as I was coming in.(remember) 2. The film was a big success and since then I (扮演了) a policeman in more than 8 films. (part) 3. Although the caus of cancer (在逐步弄清楚)，we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. (uncover) 4. When (比较不同的文化)，we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (compare) 5. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, ______________________ (老是讲着) the same thing.(say) 6. He got up and (穿好衣服), and hurried out. (get) 7. (太调皮了) the child that he often upts his parents who are busy with their work. (so) 8. Police are now arching for a woman (据报导已经失踪了) the flood hit the area last Friday. (report, missing) 9. We (或许还没有证明是) great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. (may) 10. (不管你怎样努力), you can hardly achieve your goal. (however) 11. The island (与……连接) the mainland by a bridge．（join） 12. I have no ____________________________ (结婚的打算) before building my career. (intention) 13. He became ten when ______________________________ (当询问他的时候) by the police about the fire. (question) 14. The driver ___________________ (告知我们) the accident quitted his job a week later. (inform) 15. (不管下不下雨), I’m giving a party tomorrow. (whether) 16. Only by discovering what we do best _________________________ (我们才能才能希望) reach our goals and truly make a difference. (hope) We _______________________________________ (最好签定协议) with that company. (sign) _________________________________________ (不管她说什么), I don’t believe her. (what) Mike ___________________________________ (一定还没有找回他的车), for he came to work by bus this morning. (find) 20. Companies that are not market-driven risk (落后) in the competition．(fall) 三．背诵 15、He cut down the tree and cut it up for winter u. 他把树砍倒并砍碎准备过冬用。 16、The sailor has rich experience and he often tells us his interesting experiences. 这水手有丰富的经验，他经常给我们讲他有趣的经历。 17、I was greatly moved by this moving story. 我被这个感人的故事深深感动了。 18、I’m very plead with my own cooking .It has a pleasant smell and I’m sure it will plea my husband.我对自己做的菜感到满意，菜闻起来不错，肯定能令丈夫高兴的。 19、The boy lied that a hen was lying under the tree laying eggs. 提示：lie v. （过去式为lied）1） 说谎2）躺 lay: v. （过去式laid）产，下（蛋） 男孩撒谎说有只母鸡（躺）在树下生蛋。 20、My suitca contains some clothes, including a few sweaters and trours. 我箱子里面有些衣服，包括几件毛衣和几条裤子。 附：The whole book contains 12units, including two mainly revisions. 整个这本书有十二个单元，包括两个单元的总复习。 21、The shoes cost too much. What’s more, they are much too small for me. 这鞋花费太多，而且我穿着太小。 附：I’ve got too much work to do on a much too cold winter night. 在一个非常寒冷的冬夜，我有太多的工作要做。 22、I can’t think of his name, but I’ll think about what he has said to me. 我想不起他的名字，但我会考虑他跟我说过的话。 长恨歌原文多少字23、I ud to ri very late during the summer vacation, but I’ve got ud to getting up very early . 我（过去）在暑假期间常常起得很晚，但现在习惯了起得很早。 24、He is sitting in the front of the car and can e a pond clearly in front of the car. 他坐在轿车前部可以清楚地看见有一个池塘在前面。 25、Last year, my total income, with my reward added to, added up to 15000yuan. 去年我的总收入，加上奖金，总计为一万五千元。 26、The bed made of wood is mad up of three parate parts. 这张（由）木制的床由三部分组成。 27、Japan lies to the east of China in the east of Asia. It faces the Pacific on the east. 日本在亚洲东部（范围内），中国东面（不接壤），东临太平洋（接壤）。 28、We were all deeply shocked when we heard that some workers were deep in the well. 当我们得知一些工人被深埋井下时都深感震惊。 29、His life was in danger when facing the dangerous tiger. 面对危险的老虎，他的生命处于危险之中。 30、He lives alone in a lonely mountain village, but he doesn’t feel lonely. 他独自一人住在一个偏僻的山村里，但并不觉得孤独。 31、——David has made great progress recently.最近戴维进步很大。 ——So he has, and so have you.他确实进步很大，你也是。 32、Gibert discovered electricity, but Edison invented the light bulb. 吉波特发现了电，然而是爱迪生发明了电灯。 33、For once we heard a loud noi so we stood at once. 有一次我们听到一声巨响，都立刻站了起来。 34、I read the newspaper and read of his death. 我读了报纸，得知他死去的消息。 四．完形填空解题方法指导——记叙文体 一、记叙文完形填空题的特点 记叙文体裁主要是记人、叙事、写景、状物一类的文章，具体地说，它是借助叙述、描写、抒情等手段记叙社会生活中的人、事、景、物及其发展过程，用以表达作者的思想，抒发作者情感的文章形式。这种文体会出现少量的直接引语。直接引语的使用可以代替间接的主观叙述，简洁、生动地表达出事件发展的过程和各种人物的心理活动，充分展示人物的独特个性和人物之间的关系。有些文章在叙述的同时加以议论，即夹叙夹议，这比纯记叙文增加了难度。这类完形填空题重点考查学生综合运用语言的能力，更加强调词法知识在语篇中的综合运用，突出了“词汇语境化，语篇整体化”的完形填空命题原则。对于这种体裁除了要把握好文体特点，还需要特别注意人物心理活动的描写，揣摩情节发展， 做出正确判断。 二、记叙文完形填空题的做题方法 1. 快速通读 通读的目的是要了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件，即who，when，where，what等，掌握梗概，总体把握文章内容、结构、时态、语态变化，情节的展开、发展以及结果的形成等。 2. 理清文体特点 记叙文完形填空多数是按事情的发展顺序进行叙述，但是有时为了突出某个情节或为了增加阅读趣味，作者可能会采用插叙，甚至倒叙的写作手法。通过快速通读，正确把握故事的发展顺序和文章的主脉是做好这类完形填空的前提。 3. 明确作者的写作目的 就事论事肯定不是记叙的目的，其目的是通过叙述阐明一个道理。只有心中有了目的，在情节选择和细节描写上才会做出合理的安排。明晰了作者的写作目的，就能抓住文章的主题。 4. 弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的 通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个：第一人称和第三人称。用第一人称就是从“参与者”的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者亲切的态度和深厚的感情。用第三人称就是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，作者的语气客观，与文中人物保持着一定的距离，读者的注意力更多集中在故事本身。了解作者的写作角度有助于我们走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的意义。 5. 精辨词汇 完形填空的选择项主要以词汇的形式出现，要准确把握词汇的意思以及在不同语境中的用法，根据语境和句意，分析词语间的区别，准确地选出最佳选项。还要注意词语的固定搭配、习惯用法等。 6. 串透上下文 在完形填空中选择答案不能离开上下文所形成的语境，好多题单就一个句子来说，可能有两个甚至三个答案都是可选的，但是一旦联系上下文答案就唯一了。上下文是形成语境的基础，也是分析判断的依据，任何语言结构、语法关系、词语搭配都不能无视上下文的联系。要充分利用脑中所存储的上下文信息，挖掘其内在联系，切不可就题论题， 断章取义；要做到词不离句，句不离段，段不离文。要瞻前顾后。 7．体会寓意 做完形填空时如果你按文章表面意思去选，就很容易选错。有好多学生做完题觉得很满意，但对过答案后又很失望，那就是解题时只注意表面意思，而没有挖掘到深处，被表面现象所迷惑，忽视选项的深层含义。我们应当正确理解文章，挖掘文章的寓意，分析其内含的哲理，进行正确的逻辑推理。 8．先易后难 在理解和选择答案的过程中，大部分正确答案会随着理解的深入自然而然地在脑海中涌现出来，但总的来说，不会一气呵成，遇到少数没把握的题时，可稍做分析、 比较，选定一个答案。若一时选不出，可跳过空格，顺着原来的思路继续往下选，等到大部分答案选出后，借助已经补全的空缺，根据上下文的逻辑关系再回头做那些当时感到“山重水复疑无路”的题目时，可能就会有“柳暗花明又一村”的感觉了。 9. 验证复核 把所选的词放到文中，把文章内容串联起来，认真分析句子的意思是否完整。凡是内容不连贯、不清楚的句段要重点思考，重新确定空格应该填什么词最为合适，最终确保全文顺畅合理。 把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。 练习： A Our plan was to drive into Cambridge, catch the 7:34 train to Liverpool Street Station, then to parate and meet again for lunch. Joan ___1_____that she would go to e the Crown Jewels in the Tower of London when we went shopping. It was only after her sister had _____2____ into the fog that my wife realized that we hadn’t decided where we should meet her for lunch. Since I had our three tickets for the concert in my pocket, this was indeed ___3_____. There emed to be nothing we could do but take a taxi to the Tower of London. However, we didn’t find her. Perhaps she’d ____4_____waiting outside the concert hall. By this time the fog was so thick that the ____5____had to stop, and the only way to get there was by underground railway. We ____6___our way along the road and an hour later we found the station. By now it was far too late even to try to get to the concert hall, so we decided to return home. It took ven long hours instead of two as usual to make that journey. ____7_____ were we able to get any food and drink on the train. Tired and hungry we finally got home. In a minute we heard the sound of the telephone bell. It was Joan, she had en the Crown Jewels, had ____8_____ to get another ticket for the concert, and had had a wonderful dinner at a restaurant near the hotel where she had decided to _____9____the night. She asked us whether we had had ___10_____day. You can imagine how surprid we were at this. 1. A. wished B. suggested C. decided D. wanted 2. A. hidden B. disappeared C. misd D. lost 3. A. a problem B. a chance C. a matter D. an affair 4. A. be ud to B. care for C. think of D. insist on 5. A. trains B. road traffic C. bus D. cars 6. A. went B. felt C. pushed D. found 7. A. Hardly B. Thus C. So D. Not 8. A. managed B. intended C. planned D. tried 9. A. put up B. sleep C. pass D. stay 10. A. quite a busy B. an equally successful C. a relatively free D. a fairly sunny 资产配置 B The world always makes way for the dreamer. When I was twelve years old, my father took me to e Zig Zigler. I remember sitting in that dark hall listening to Mr. Zigler ____1___everyone’s spirits up to the ceiling. On our way home I said to my father, “I want to make people feel like that. I want to be a motivational（激励人的）speaker like Mr. Zigler.” A ___2____was born. Recently, I began eking my dream of motivating others. After a four-year relationship with Fortune 100 Company beginning as a sales-trainer and ending as a regional manager, I left the company at the height of my _____3___. Many people were surprid that I would leave after earning a six-figure income. And they asked why I would ____4____everything for a dream. I made my decision to start my own company and leave my cure（牢靠的）position after attending a regional sales meeting. The vice-president of our company delivered a ____5___ that changed my life. He asked us, “If a god would offer you three wishes, what would they be?” After giving us a moment to write down the three wishes, he then asked us, “Why do you need a ____6____?” I would never forget the ___7___ I felt at that moment. I realized I didn’t need a god’s help to become a motivational speaker. Having made that decision, I was immediately ___8____. One week after I gave notice, my husband was laid off from his job, and now we had no income. But I ____9___ fast to my dream. The wonder really began to happen. In a short time my husband found a better job. And I was able to book veral __10____ engagements with new customers. I discovered the incredible power of dreams. 1. A. persuade B. tempt C. ri D. rai 2. A. job B. chance C. dream D. speaker 3. A. career B. income C. position D. life 4. A. throw B. risk C. try D. challenge 5. A. speech B. report C. warning D. project 6. A. salary B. job C. company D. god 7. A. power B. dream C. success D. spirit 8. A. tested B. defeated C. successful D. disappointed 9. A. caught B. kept C. insisted D. held 10. A. social B. buying C. speaking D. lling | |||
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