29.Marsh, K.N., Editor, Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization of Physicochemical Properties, Blackwell Scientific Publications,
Oxford, 1987.
30.Alcock, C.B., Itkin, V.P., and Horrigan, M.K., Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 23, 309, 1984.
31.Stewart, R.B., and Jacobn, R.T., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 18, 639, 1989.
32.Sifner, O., and Klomfar, J., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 23, 63, 1994.
33.Bah, A., and Dupont-Pavlovsky, N., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 869, 1995.
34.Behrens, R.G., and Ronblatt, G., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 4, 175, 1972.
35.Behrens, R.G., and Ronblatt, G., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 5, 173, 1973.
36.Haar, L., Gallagher, J.S., and Kell, G.S., NBS/NRC Steam Tables, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1984.
37.Wagner, W., Saul, A., and Pruss, A., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 23, 515. 1994.
38.Behrens, R.G., Lemons, R.S., and Ronblatt, G., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 6, 457, 1974.
39.Boublik, T., Fried, V., and Hala, E., The Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances, Second Edition, Elvier, Amsterdam, 1984.
40.Goodwin, R.D., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 14, 849, 1985.
41.Younglove, B.A., and Ely, J.F., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 16, 577, 1987.
Temperature in °C for the indicated pressure
Mol. Form.Name Ref. Substances not containing carbon:
Ag Silver1010114013021509178221602 AgBr Silver(I) bromide569 i656 i765 i905 i1093 i1359 i9 AgCl Silver(I) chloride6707698731052126415614
AgI Silver(I) iodide594686803959117715034
Al Aluminum1209135915441781209125172
AlB3H12Aluminum borohydride-46.8-9.445.54
AlCl3Aluminum trichloride58.4 s76.5 s97.1 s120.7 s148.2 s180.5 s4
AlF3Aluminum trifluoride744 s819 s906 s1008 s1130 s1276 s8
AlI3Aluminum triiodide2182853854
Al2O3Aluminum oxide21222351262929754
Ar Argon*-226.4 s-220.3 s-212.4 s-201.7 s-186.01,5,31 As Arnic280 s323 s373 s433 s508 s601 s3
AsCl3Arnic(III) chloride-8 e21.363.1129.41
AsF3Arnic(III) fluoride8.156.04
AsI3Arnic(III) iodide187261367 e7
As2O3Arnic(III) oxide (arnolite)133.7 s163.0 s196.8 s236.2 s283.034
At Astatine88 s119 s156 s202 s258 s3342
Au Gold1373154117482008234728052
B Boron2075228925492868327237992
BBr3Boron tribromide-45 e-15 e27.590.41
BCl3Boron trichloride*-94.0-70.5-37.412.34
BF3Boron trifluoride*-173.9 s-166.0 s-156.0 s-143.0 s-125.9-101.14
B2F4Tetrafluorodiborane-341
B2H6Diborane-162 e-147.0-125.8-92.61
B5H9Pentaborane(9)-34.8 3.857.64
Ba Barium638 s7659121115141318979
Be Beryllium1189 s133515181750205424692 BeBr2Beryllium bromide203 s240 s283 s335 s397 s473 s4 BeCl2Beryllium chloride196 s237 s284 s339 s402 s4874
BeF2Beryllium fluoride686 e767 e8699991172 e7
BeI2Beryllium iodide188 s229 s276 s333 s402 s4874
Bi Bismuth6687688921052126515622
BiBr3Bismuth tribromide217 s273 i348 i455 i4,9 BiCl3Bismuth trichloride248.9328.6438.71,4 BrCs Cesium bromide531 s601 s701 i834 i1019 i1293 e9
BrH Hydrogen bromide*-153.3 s-140.4 s-123.8 s-101.5 s-67.05
凤尾菇栽培技术BrH3Si Bromosilane-81.0-47.3 2.24
BrH4N Ammonium bromide121 s154 s195 s246 s310.4 s395.1 s5
BrK Potassium bromide597 s674 s77325 BrLi Lithium bromide630733868104913084 BrNa Sodium bromide791931112013894 BrRb Rubidium bromide766903108713504
BrTl Thallium(I) bromide5096358174
Br2Bromine*-87.7 s-71.8 s-52.7 s-29.3 s 2.558.41
Br2Cd Cadmium bromide373 s435 s509 s27
Br2Hg Mercury(II) bromide71 s98 s132 s174 s227 s3184
Br2OS Thionyl bromide-49 e-29 e-5 e27.872.9139.65
6-67
Mol. Form.Name Ref. Br2Pb Lead(II) bromide3744315025977269144
Br2S2Sulfur bromide-7 e15 e42 e78.4128.1200.95
Br3In Indium(III) bromide304.6 s328.7 s364.8 s1
Br3OP Phosphorus(V) oxybromide64 e115.5191.45
Br3P Phosphorus(III) bromide-23 e 5 e42.394.6172.65
Br3Sb Antimony(III) bromide136.5196.9286.51
Br4Ge Germanium(IV) bromide511051884
Br4Sn Tin(IV) bromide671222044
Br4Zr Zirconium(IV) bromide136 s167 s203 s245 s295 s356 s4
Br5P Phosphorus(V) bromide-19 s 4 s31 s65.5 s110.15
Ca Calcium591 s683 s798 s954117014822
Cd Cadmium257 s310 s3814725947672 CdCl2Cadmium chloride412 s471 s541 s63476895923, 27 CdF2Cadmium fluoride1257146117424
CdI2Cadmium iodide296 s344 s4064986227954,27 CdO Cadmium oxide770 s866 s983 s1128 s1314 s1558 s4
Ce Cerium17191921216924812886343214 ClCs Cesium chloride730864104312974 ClCu Copper(I) chloride45954367591414774
教育对社会的影响ClF Chlorine fluoride*-144.4-122.6-90.25
ClF2P Phosphorus(III) chloride
difluoride-119.5-91.1-47.65
ClF3Chlorine trifluoride-63.7-33.011.45
ClF5Chlorine pentafluoride-88 e-59-147 ClH Hydrogen chloride*-138.2 s-118.0-85.21,5 ClHO3S Chlorosulfonic acid-40 e-20 e 5 e38.785.0153.65 ClH4N Ammonium chloride91 s121 s159 s204.7 s263.1 s339.5 s5 ClK Potassium chloride625 s704 s8049451137141123,25 ClLi Lithium chloride649 i761 i905 i1101 i1381 i8 ClNO Nitrosyl chloride-116 s-100 s-78.7 s-50.2-5.75 ClNO2Nitryl chloride-121 e-113 e-102 e-86.1-60.9-15.75 ClNa Sodium chloride653 s733 s8359871182146123,25 ClO2Chlorine dioxide*-34.310.55 ClRb Rubidium chloride777916110513794 ClTl Thallium(I) chloride5046268064
Cl2Chlorine*-145 s-133.7 s-120.2 s-103.6 s-76.1-34.21
电子商务的发展趋势
Cl2Co Cobalt(II) chloride81810484
Cl2FP Phosphorus(III) dichloride
fluoride-71.1-37.413.55
Cl2F3P Phosphorus(V) dichloride
trifluoride-120 e-101 e-77.1-44.3 3 e7
Cl2Fe Iron(II) chloride68582110254
Cl2Hg Mercury(II) chloride64.4 s94.7 s130.8 s174.5 s228.5 s304.04
Cl2Mg Magnesium chloride762908111114144
Cl2Mn Mangane(II) chloride76093311894
Cl2Ni Nickel(II) chloride534 s592 s662 s747 s852 s985 s4
Cl2OS Thionyl chloride-99 e-81 e-58 e-27.114.675.25
Cl2O2S Sulfuryl chloride-27 e11.869.05
Cl2Pb Lead(II) chloride541 e63776594923
Cl2S Sulfur dichloride-76 e-61 e-41 e-16.715.358.75
Cl2S2Sulfur chloride-55 e-36 e-12 e21.067.2137.15
Cl2Sn Tin(II) chloride2533083814796224
Cl2Zn Zinc chloride305 i356 i419 i497 i596 i726 i4,9,12 Cl3Fe Iron(III) chloride118 s153 s190 s229 s268 s3194
Cl3HSi Trichlorosilane-81 e-56 e-21 e31.67
Cl3N Nitrogen trichloride-25 e13.270.65
Cl3OP Phosphorus(V) oxychloride39.9105.05
Cl3P Phosphorus(III) chloride-93 e-77 e-55 e-26.014.575.75
Cl4Po Polonium(IV) chloride300.6389.45
Cl4Se Selenium tetrachloride23 s45 s71 s102 s141.4 s191.1 s5
Cl4Si Tetrachlorosilane*-39 e0 e57.31
Cl4Te Tellurium tetrachloride237 e299.4387.85
Cl4Zr Zirconium(IV) chloride117 s146 s181 s222 s272 s336 s9
Cl5P Phosphorus(V) chloride-2 s19 s44 s74 s111.4 s158.9 s5
Co Cobalt1517168718922150248229252
Cr Chromium1383 s1534 s1718 s1950225726692
Cs Cesium144.5195.6260.9350.0477.1667.013,30
6-68
TeamLRN
Mol. Form.Name Ref. CsF Cesium fluoride82599912494
CsI Cesium iodide523 s595 s692854102912784,25 Cu Copper1236138815771816213125632
CuI Copper(I) iodide63686413314
Dy Dysprosium1105 s1250 s1431 i1681 i2031 i2558 i3
Er Erbium1231 s1390 s1612 i1890 i2279 i2859 i3
Eu Europium590 s684 s799 s9611179152314
FH Hydrogen fluoride*-71.1-33.719.21,5 FHO3S Fluorosulfonic acid-14 e 4 e28 e59.1101.3162.25
FK Potassium fluoride8691017121614994
FLi Lithium fluoride801 s89610241188139516724,12,25 FNO Nitrosyl fluoride-131 e-116.1-94.3-60.15 FNO2Nitryl fluoride-156 e-144 e-128.1-106.0-72.65 FNO3Fluorine nitrate-160 e-149 e-135 e-115.1-87.4-45.05
FNa Sodium fluoride920 s10581218142617024,12,24 FRb Rubidium fluoride9101001114514094,12
F2Fluorine*-235 s-229.5 s-222.9 s-214.8-204.3-188.31,5
F2O Fluorine monoxide*-211.7-204.7-195.9-184.2-168.2-144.95
F2OS Thionyl fluoride-124 e-106.5-81.5-44.15
F2O2Re Rhenium(VI) dioxydifluoride89.2131.9185 e26
F2Pb Lead(II) fluoride865105412924
F2Xe Xenon difluoride 2.9 s31.8 s67.9 s114 s1,5
F2Zn Zinc fluoride731 s813 s911 i1048 i1237 i1503 i9
F3N Nitrogen trifluoride*-201 e-194 e-185 e-172.8-155.5-129.25
F3OP Phosphorus(V) oxyfluoride-124 s-113 s-100 s-83.7 s-64.1 s-39.7 s5
F3P Phosphorus(III) fluoride*-152 e-132.6-101.45
F4MoO Molybdenum(VI)
oxytetrafluoride-21 s 3 s33 s69.3 s117.3184.126
F4ORe Rhenium(VI) oxytetrafluoride 5 s26 s50.7 s80.1 s117.1171.226
F4OW Tungsten(VI) oxytetrafluoride 2 s25 s52.1 s84.3 s126.7185.426
F4S Sulfur tetrafluoride-110.0-82.1-40.35
F4Se Selenium tetrafluoride13.651.6104.75
F4Si Tetrafluorosilane*-166 s-157 s-145.6 s-132.3 s-115.7 s-94.9 s4,7
F5Mo Molybdenum(V) fluoride86.6140.3213 e26
F5Nb Niobium(V) fluoride801402244
F5ORe Rhenium(VII) oxypentafluoride-103 s-84 s-59 s-28 s13.7 s72.826
F5Os Osmium(V) fluoride74.1113.2162.3226 e26
F5P Phosphorus(V) fluoride-157 s-148 s-137 s-124.5 s-108.6 s-84.85
F5Re Rhenium(V) fluoride58.899.5152 e221 e26
F5Ta Tantalum(V) fluoride1192294
F6Ir Iridium(VI) fluoride-88 s-71 s-51 s-27 s 3.8 s53.126
F6Mo Molybdenum(VI) fluoride-98 s-82 s-64 s-41.2 s-13.4 s33.526
F6Os Osmium(VI) fluoride-89 s-73 s-54 s-30.6 s-1.7 s47.426
F6Re Rhenium(VI) fluoride-97 s-82 s-63 s-40.2 s-11.9 s33.426
F6S Sulfur hexafluoride*-158 s-147 s-133.6 s-116.6 s-94.4 s-64.1 s5
F6Se Selenium hexafluoride-143 s-132 s-118 s-100.7 s-77.8 s-46.5 s5
F6Te Tellurium hexafluoride-142 s-130 s-115 s-96 s-71.8 s-39.1 s5
F6W Tungsten(VI) fluoride-107 s-92 s-74 s-52.1 s-24.8 s16.926
F10S2Sulfur decafluoride-22.028.55
Fe Iron1455 s161718182073240628592
Fr Francium131 e181 e246 e335 e465 e673 e2
Ga Gallium1037117513471565185222452
Gd Gadolinium1563 i1755 i1994 i2300 i2703 i3262 i3
Ge Germanium1371154117502014236028312
HI Hydrogen iodide*-146 s-135.2 s-120.8 s-101.9 s-75.9 s-35.95 HKO Potassium hydroxide520 e601 e704842103513254 HNO3Nitric acid-37 e-9 e28.482.25
HN3Hydrazoic acid-79 e-54 e-18.035.75 HNaO Sodium hydroxide513605722874108013774
H2Hydrogen*-258.6-252.81
H2I2Si Diiodosilane11.870.5149.44
H2O Water***-60.7 s-42.2 s-20.3 s7.045.899.636,37 H2O2Hydrogen peroxide13 e45 e89.0149.85
小学生单词H2O4S Sulfuric acid721031401872483304
H2S Hydrogen sulfide*-149 s-136 s-118.9 s-95.9 s-60.51,5人工天河红旗渠
H2S2Hydrogen disulfide-27 e12.270.75
H2Se Hydrogen lenide-145 s-134 s-120 s-102.8 s-78.9 s-41.55
6-69
Mol. Form.Name Ref. H2Te Hydrogen telluride-46.6-2.35
H3ISi Iodosilane-47.7-10.145.24
H3N Ammonia*-139 s-127 s-112 s-94.5 s-71.3-33.61,5,6 H3NO Hydroxylamine43.773.3109.84
H3P Phosphine*-182 s-173 s-161 s-145 s-122.7-88.05
H4IN Ammonium iodide125 s159 s201 s253 s318.4 s405.2 s5
H4N2Hydrazine14.755.6113 e5
H4Si Silane*-181-165.4-143.7-111.84
He Helium*-270.6-268.92
Hf Hafnium2416268130043406392146039
Hg Mercury**42.076.6120.0175.6250.3355.929,30 HgI2Mercury(II) iodide85.1 s115.6 s152.4 s197.8 s255.1 s353.64
Ho Holmium1159 s1311 s1502 i1767 i2137 i2691 i3
流浪地球评价IK Potassium iodide731866105213224
ILi Lithium iodide54561971082497211704 INa Sodium iodide753883105813014 IRb Rubidium iodide733866104513024
ITl Thallium(I) iodide5206448214
I2Iodine (rhombic)-12.8 s9.3 s35.9 s68.7 s108 s184.01,2
I2Pb Lead(II) iodide4705586828694
I2Zn Zinc iodide301 s351 s409 s488 i598 i750 i9
I3Sb Antimony(III) iodide214.9292.0401.24
I4Sn Tin(IV) iodide167.1242.7347.74
I4Zr Zirconium(IV) iodide187 s220 s259 s305 s361 s430 s4
In Indium923105212121417168920672
Ir Iridium2440 s268429793341379643862
K Potassium200.2256.5328424559756.213,30 Kr Krypton*-214.0 s-208.0 s-199.4 s-188.9 s-174.6 s-153.65
La Lanthanum1732 i1935 i2185 i2499 i2905 i3453 i3
Li Lithium524.3612.3722.1871.21064.31337.113,30 Lu Lutetium1633 s1829.82072.82380 i2799 i3390 i3
Mg Magnesium428 s500 s588 s69885910882
Mn Mangane955 s1074 s1220 s1418168220602
Mo Molybdenum2469 s272130393434393946062 MoO3Molybdenum(VI) oxide80193511514
NO Nitric oxide*-201 s-195 s-188 s-179.3 s-168.1 s-151.95
N2Nitrogen*-236 s-232 s-226.8 s-220.2 s-211.1 s-195.91,5
N2O Nitrous oxide*-167 s-157 s-145.4 s-131.1 s-112.9 s-88.75
N2O4Nitrogen tetroxide-92 s-78 s-61 s-41.1 s-16.6 s28.75
N2O5Nitrogen pentoxide-71 s-56 s-40 s-19.9 s 3.9 s33.25
Na Sodium280.6344.2424.3529673880.213,30 Nb Niobium2669293432513637412047402
Nd Neodymium1322.31501.21725.32023 i2442 i3063 i3
Ne Neon*-261 s-260 s-258 s-255 s-252 s-246.12
Ni Nickel1510167718812137246829112 OPb Lead(II) oxide7248169281065124114714 OSr Strontium oxide1789 s1903 s2047 s2235 s2488 s4
O2Oxygen*-211.9-200.5-183.11,28 O2S Sulfur dioxide*-98 s-80 s-52.2-10.31,5
O2Se Selenium dioxide124.5 s153.9 s188 s228 s275 s315 s38
O2Si Silicon dioxide1966 i2149 i2368 i8
O3Ozone*-189 e-182 e-172 e-158 e-139.7-111.55
O3P2Phosphorus(III) oxide47.3100.3172.84
O3S Sulfur trioxide-20 s 6.6 s44.55
O3Sb2Antimony(III) oxide
(valentinite)426.1 s478 s539 s610 s9*******,35 O5P2Phosphorus(V) oxide285 s328 s377.5 s434.4 s500.5 s5914
O7Re2Rhenium(VII) oxide147 s176 s208 s244 s284 s3624
Os Osmium2887 s315034783875436549832
P Phosphorus (white) 6 s34 s691151802763,9
P Phosphorus (red)182 s216 s256 s303 s362 s431 s2,3 Pb Lead7058159561139138717542 PbS Lead(II) sulfide656 s741 s838 s953 s1088 s12804
Pd Palladium1448 s162418442122248029612
Po Polonium573 e730.2963.35
Pr Praodymium1497.71699.41954 i2298 i2781 i3506 i3
Pt Platinum20572277 e25422870328338212
6-70
TeamLRN
Mol. Form.Name Ref. Pu Plutonium1483168019252238265332262
Ra Radium546 s633 s764936117315262
Rb Rubidium160.4212.5278.9368496.1685.313,30 Re Rhenium3030 s334137364227485456812
好人一生平安歌曲Rh Rhodium2015222324762790313237242
Rn Radon*-163 s-152 s-139 s-121.4 s-97.6 s-62.35
Ru Ruthenium2315 s253828143151357241152
S Sulfur102 s1351762353184443
Sb Antimony534 s603 s738946121815852,3 Sc Scandium1372 s1531 s1733 i1993 i2340 i2828 i3
Se Selenium2272793444315406853
Si Silicon1635182920662363274832642
Sm Samarium728 s833 s967 s1148 i1402 i1788 i3
Sn Tin1224138415821834216526202
Sr Strontium523 s609 s717 s866107213732
Ta Tantalum3024332436844122466653612
Tb Terbium1516.11706.11928 i2232 i2640 i3218 i3
Tc Technetium2454 e2725 e3051 e3453 e3961 e4621 e2
Te Tellurium502 e615 e768.8992.45
Th Thorium2360263429753410398647822
Ti Titanium170918982130 e2419279132852
Tl Thallium609704824979118814852
Tm Thulium844 s962 s1108 s1297 s1548 i1944 i3
U Uranium2052229125862961345441292
V Vanadium1828 s201622502541291434062
W Tungsten3204 s350038644306485455502
Xe Xenon*-190 s-181 s-170 s-155.8 s-136.6 s-108.45,32 Y Yttrium1610.11802.32047 i2354 i2763 i3334 i3
Yb Ytterbium463 s540 s637 s774 s993 i1192 i3
Zn Zinc337 s397 s477579717912 e2
Zr Zirconium2366261829243302378044052 Substances containing carbon:
C Carbon (graphite)2566 s2775 s3016 s3299 s3635 s15 CBrClF2Bromochloro-
difluoromethane-136 e-123 e-106 e-83.4-51.8-4.31 CBrCl3Bromotrichloromethane-6 e38.9104.45 CBrF3Bromotrifluoromethane*-168 e-156 e-142 e-122.8-96.6-58.15 CBrN Cyanogen bromide-13 s17.7 s61.01 CBr2F2Dibromodifluoromethane-110 e-91 e-66 e-30 e22.51 CBr4Tetrabromomethane25.6 s65.8 s111.6188.95 CClF3Chlorotrifluoromethane-176 e-167 e-155 e-139 e-116 e-81.75 CClN Cyanogen chloride-94.6 s-78.1 s-57 s-29 s13.05 CCl2F2Dichlorodifluoromethane*-150 e-138 e-122 e-101.8-73.1-30.05 CCl2O Carbonyl chloride-127 e-113 e-96 e-73 e-40.67.25 CCl3F Trichlorofluoromethane*-107 e-89 e-63 e-28.523.31,5 CCl3NO2T
richloronitromethane-59 e-30 e 4.447.8112.05 CCl4Tetrachloromethane*-79.4 s-70.8 s-53.5 s-24.4 s15.876.21,5 CFN Cyanogen fluoride-135 s-121.2 s-104.1 s-82.8 s-46.21,5 CF4Tetrafluoromethane*-199.9 s-193 s-183.9 s-171.6-153.9-128.31,5 CHBrF2Bromodifluoromethane-128 s-111.4 s-89.7 s-59.7 s-16 s5 CHBr3Tribromomethane30.578.3148.81 CHClF2Chlorodifluoromethane*-152 e-141 e-126 e-107.1-80.5-41.15 CHCl2F Dichlorofluoromethane-76 e-70 e-61 e-49 e-28.78.61 CHCl3Trichloromethane*-61 e-34 e 4.360.81 CHF3Trifluoromethane*-152 e-136 e-114.4-82.31 CHI3Triiodomethane51.1 s82.7 s121 e218.05 CHN Hydrogen cyanide*-77 s-52.6 s-22.7 s25.41,5 CHNO Cyanic acid-81.1-56.8-23.923 e5
CH2BrCl Bromochloromethane-83 e-69 e-50 e-25 e11.467.71
CH2Br2Dibromomethane-37 e-7 e35.296.55
CH2ClF Chlorofluoromethane-124 e-108 e-86.2-55.7-9.45书房对联
CH2Cl2Dichloromethane*-92 e-73 e-48 e-12.539.31
CH2F2Difluoromethane*-156.7-145.8-131.9-113.6-88.6-51.91
CH2I2Diiodomethane17 e55 e106.1181.65
CH2O Formaldehyde*-91 e-61.7-19.31
6-71
