初中英语常见构词法（精编常见单词）
中 学 英 语 常 见 构 词 法
派生法：由词根(stems)加前缀(prefixes)和后缀(suffixes)构成新词。
一. 前缀
a-(形容词;副词)：almost, awake, aloud,alone, asleep, abroad, alive, ari,
co-(共同)：co-exist, co-operate, co-operation
over-(过于)：overcome, oversleep, overnight
anti-(反,防)：anti-tank, anti-war
re-(重复;再)：reusable, recycle, recall, rebuild, return, redesign, remarry, rewrite, retell, reopen一件有趣的事情
有趣的故事作文super-(超级,上层)：superstar, superman, supermarket, superhero
芦蒿的功效与作用
tele-(远程)：telephone, telegraph, telescope(望远镜)
mis-(误)：mistake, misunderstand(误会)
en-(使可能)：encourage, enable(使成为可能)
dis-(否定)：disappear, disagree, disappoint, dishonest, dislike, discover, discourage
足球歌曲
给领导in-/il-/im-/ir-(不;非)：inside,impolite, impolitely, impossible, imoveable, independent, independence, irregular, irresponsible, indirect, incomplete, invisible(看不见的),illogical(不合逻辑的), illegal(非法的),
un-/non-(不;非)：uncomfortable, uncrowed, uneasy, unexpected, unbelievable, unknown, unusual, unusually, unu, unuful, unufully, unfair, unfairness, unluck, unlucky, unluckily, unable, unhappy, unfit, non-conductor(非导体), non-n,
二. 名词后缀
非同小可的意思-er(…者)：customer, leader, manager, officer, partner, ruler, stranger, climber, keeper, ma
ker, owner, banker, reporter, teenager, winner, foreigner, thinker, swimmer, traveller, worker, teacher, reader, listener, speaker, cleaner, helper, waiter, player, singer, dancer, driver, writer, runner, beginner, pasnger, lover, skier, murderer, learner, printer, rearcher, Londoner, New Yorker
-or(器具;…者)：actor, competitor, visitor, professor, doctor, director, collector, instructor(教员)
备注一：通常加“-er/-or ”多为“男性”,加“-ess”多为“女性”
waiter男招待, waitress女服务员, actor男演员, actress女演员,
lawyer律师, lawyeress女律师, prince王子, princess 公主
备注二：从主动,被动上来看,加“-er\-or”为主动,加“-ee ”为被动
examiner 主考人,监考员 examinee 参加考试者,受试人(被监考者)
employer 雇主(雇佣别人) employee雇员(被雇佣)
interviewer会见者 interviewee 被接见者,被访问者
-e(…地方的人)：Chine, Japane
-ian(精通…的人;…地方的人)：musician, magician, historian, physician, technician
-ist(专业人员)：artist, pianist, tourist, terrorist, physicist, scientist, socialist, journalist(新闻记者), dentist, instrumentalist
-ment(性质;状态)：government, instrument, achievement, amument, excitement, improvement, movement, argument, development, agreement
-ion：discussion, expression, decision
-dom(…范围)：freedom, kingdom
-ness(性质;状态)：business, happiness, shyness, illness, kindness, carelessness, sickness, fairness, unfairness, godness, hardness, forgetfulness, darkness
-ship：friendship, relationship, leadership, hardship(困苦)
-tion(动作;过程;结果)：pollution, suggestion, invention, action, examination, graduation, pronunciation, communication, competition, conversation, satisfaction, education, organization, location, protection, relation, preparation, resolution, collection, operation, impression
杜威
-hood(…关系,…状况)：childhood, neighborhood, brotherhood, sisterhood
-th(某种状况或性质)：growth, warmth, truth, death, health, length, strength
-ty(…性)：safety, activity
-ce(…性)：importance, difference, confidence, dependence, independence, silence, performance
-boy, -girl, -man, -woman(表示人的词来构词)：
cowboy牛仔, playboy花花公子, salesgirl女店员, salesperson推销员, workman产业工人, postman邮递员, workwomen劳动妇女
爱与恨
三. 形容词后缀
-t：important, different, confident, dependent, independent, silent
-al：international, educational, national, historical, medical, musical, professional, social, typical, normal, personal, physical, traditional, accidental, central, environmental, general
-an：American, European, Canadian, Italian, Australian, Indian
-ern：southern, northern, eastern, western, modern
-ful：helpful, harmful, painful, thankful, peaceful, successful, truthful, awful, cheerful, grateful, uful, careful, wonderful, forgetful, hopeful, colorful, beautiful
-ary：condary, imaginary
-able/ible：reasonable, horrible, believable, unbelievable, mobile, valuable, disable, available, comfortable, terrible, possible, impossible, enjoyable, moveable, imoveable, workable, countable, uncountable, eatable
-ish：foolish, childish, swedish(瑞典的), British, English
-ive：active, creative, native, expensive
-y：windy, sunny, cloudy, rainy, wealthy, dirty, sleepy, healthy, hairy, icy, noisy, foggy
-less：careless, homeless, meaningless, uless, colorless, helpless, hopeless, motherless
-ous：rious, humorous, famous, dangerous, courageous, continuous
