Ernest Hemingway Hemingway combines austere realism and poetic language to prent a powerful argument against war and to tell a touching love story at the same time. Possd of the most remarkable time n of the period between wars, his disillusioned temperament and technical skill have influenced a whole generation of writer. In spite of its hard-boiled realism of detail and its tragic ending, A Farewell to Arms is nevertheless an idealistic book. The novel was dramatized by Laurence Stallings and was made into a motion picture.
Lieutenant Frederic Henry was a young American attached to an Italian ambulance unit on the Italian front. An offensive was soon to begin, and when Henry returned to the front from leave he learned from his friend, Lieutenant Rinaldi, that a group of British nurs had arrived in his abnce to t up a British hospital unit. Rinaldi introduced him to nur Catherine Barkley.
Between ambulance trips to evacuation posts at the front, Henry called on Miss Barkley. He liked the frank young English girl in a casual sort of way, but he was not in love with her. Before he left for the front to stand by for an attack, she gave him a St. Anthony medal.
At the front, as Henry and some Italian ambulance drivers were eating in a dugout, an Austrian projectile exploded over them. Henry, badly wounded in the legs, was taken to a field hospital. Later he was moved to a hospital in Milan.
Before the doctor was able to e Henry in Milan, the nurs prohibited his drinking wine, but he bribed a porter to bring him a supply which he kept hidden behind his bed. Catherine Barkley came to the hospital and Henry knew that he was in love with her. The doctors told Henry that he would have to lie in bed six months before they could operate on his knee. Henry insisted on eing another doctor, who said that the operation could be performed the next day. Meanwhile, Catherine managed to be with Henry constantly.研学报告
After his operation, Henry convalesced in Milan with Catherine Barkley as his attendant. Together they dined in out of the way restaurants, and together they rode about the countryside in a carriage. Henry was restless and lonely at nights and Catherine often came to his hospital room.无的放矢
Summer pasd into autumn. Henry's wound had healed and he was due to take convalescent leave in October. He and Catherine planned to spend the leave together, but he came down with jaundice before he could leave the hospital. The head nur accud him of bringing on the jaundice by drink, in order to avoid being nt back to the front. Before he left for the front, Henry and Catherine stayed together in a hotel room; already she had disclod to him that she was pregnant.
Henry returned to the front with orders to load his three ambulances with hospital equipment and g
o south into the Po valley. Morale was at low ebb. Rinaldi admired the job which had been done on the knee and obrved that Henry acted like a married man. War weariness was all-pervasive. At the front, the Italians, having learned that German divisions had reinforced the Austrians, began their terrible retreat from Caporetto. Henry drove one of the ambulances loaded with hospital supplies. During the retreat south, the ambulance was held up veral times by wagons, guns, and trucks which extended in stalled lines for miles. Henry picked up two straggling Italian rgeants. During the night the retreat was halted in the rain for hours.
中班社会活动
At daybreak Henry cut out of the long line and drove across country in an attempt to reach Udine by side roads. The ambulance got stuck in a muddy side road. The rgeants decided to leave, but Henry asked them to help dislodge the car from the mud. They refud and ran. Henry shot and wounded one; the other escaped across the fields. An Italian ambulance corpsman with Henry shot the wounded rgeant through the back of the head. Henry and his three comrades struck out on foot for Udine. On a bridge, Henry saw a German staff car and German bicycle troops crossing another bridge over the same stream. Within sight of Udine, one of Henry's group was killed by an Italian sniper. The others hid in a barn until it emed safe to circle around Udine and join the main stream of the retreat toward the Tagliamento River.
By that time the Italian army was nothing but a frantic mob. Soldiers were throwing down their arms and officers were cutting insignia of rank from their sleeves. At the end of a long wooden bridge across the Tagliamento military carabiniere were izing all officers, giving them drumhead trials, and executing them by the river bank. Henry was detained, but in the dark of night he broke free, plunged into the river, and escaped on a log. He crosd the Venetian plain on foot, then jumped aboard a freight train and rode to Milan, where he went to the hospital in which he had been a patient. There he learned that the English nurs had gone to Stresa.
During the retreat from Caporetto Henry had made his farewell to arms. He borrowed civilian clothes from an American friend in Milan and went by train to Stresa, where he met Catherine, who was on leave. The bartender of the hotel in which Henry was staying warned Henry that authorities were planning to arrest him for dertion the next morning; he offered his boat by means of which Henry and Catherine could escape to Switzerland. Henry rowed all night. By morning his hands were so raw that he could barely stand to touch the oars. Over his protests, Catherine took a turn at the rowing. They reached Switzerland safely and were arrested. Henry told the police that he was a sportsman who enjoyed rowing and that he had come to Switzerland for the winter sports. The valid passports and the ample funds that Henry and Catherine possd
折戟沉沙什么意思
saved them from rious trouble with the authorities.
During the rest of the fall and the winter the couple stayed at an inn outside Montreux. They discusd marriage, but Catherine would not be married while she was with child. They hiked, read, and talked about what they would do together after the war.
奖章制作 When the time for Catherine's confinement approached, she and Henry went to Lausanne to be near a hospital. They planned to return to Montreux in the spring. At the hospital Catherine's pains caud the doctor to u an anaesthetic on her. After hours of suffering she was delivered of a dead baby. The nur nt Henry out to get something to eat. When he went back to the hospital, he learned that Catherine had had a hemorrhage. He went into the room and stayed with her until she died. There was nothing he could do, no one he could talk to, no place he could go. Catherine was dead. He left the hospital and walked back to his hotel in the dark. It was raining.
—— Excerpts from Masterpieces of World Literature in Digest Form
别了，武器
〔美〕海明威原著 泉璋译
海明威以严峻的现实主义结合富有诗意的语⾔，对战争作了有⼒的抨击，同时⼜叙述了⼀个扣⼈⼼弦的爱情故事。由于对两次⼤战之间那个时期具有特别杰出的时间观念，他的那种看破红尘的⽓质和熟练的技巧影响了整个⼀代作家。《别了，武器》⼀书虽然在细节描写⽅⾯刻意求实，⽽且有⼀个悲剧性的结局，但它仍然是⼀部理想主义的著作。本书曾经劳伦斯·斯托林兹改编为剧本，并拍成电影。
弗雷德⾥克·亨利中尉是⼀个年轻的美国⼈，在意⼤利战场上随同⼀个意⼤利流动医疗组⼯作。当时⼀次攻势发动在即；当亨利在休假之后回到前线时，他的朋友雷那蒂中尉告诉他说，在他离开的期间，来了⼀批英国护⼠准备成⽴⼀个英国医疗组。雷那蒂把亨利介绍给⼀位护⼠，她叫凯瑟琳·巴克利。
亨利经常要开救护车到前⽅疏散点去，从前⽅回来时他就去找巴克利⼩姐。他很喜欢这个坦率年轻的英国姑娘，但只是⼀般的喜欢，并没有堕⼊情。当有⼀次他要上前线去为进攻作准备时，她送给他⼀枚圣·安东尼像章。
在前线，当亨利和⼏个意⼤利救护车驾驶员⼀起在地下掩蔽部吃饭的时候，⼀枚奥地利炮弹在他们上边爆炸。亨利腿部受重伤，被送进野战医院。后来他被转移到⽶兰的⼀所医院⾥。
⽶兰医院的护⼠在⼤夫诊治亨利之前，禁⽌他喝酒，但他贿赂了⼀个⼯友，买了⼀些酒，藏在床后。凯瑟琳·巴克利来到医院，亨利知道⾃⼰爱上了她。⼤夫跟亨利说他得在床上躺半年，然后他的膝
盖才能开⼑。亨利坚持要找另⼀个⼤夫，这位⼤夫说第⼆天就可以动⼿术。在这期间，凯瑟琳经常陪伴着亨利。
⼿术后，亨利在⽶兰休养，凯瑟琳·巴克利作他的护理员。他们⼀起到偏僻的饭馆⾥去吃饭，⼀起坐车出去郊游。夜间亨利⼼神不定，感到寂寞，凯瑟琳常到他的病房⾥来。
梅州旅游景点大全 夏去秋来。亨利的伤⼝愈合了，预定⼗⽉间他可以享受⼀段康复假。他和凯瑟琳计划在⼀起度假，可是在他离开医院之前，他⼜得了黄疸病，躺倒了。护⼠长指责他故意⽤喝酒来招致黄疸病，为了逃避重上前线。在他出发去前线之前，他和凯瑟琳同住在⼀家旅馆房间⾥；她已经向他透露：她怀孕了。当归丸
亨利重返前线，奉命⽤他的三辆救护车装载医院设备，南下波河流域。当时⼠⽓低落。雷那蒂称赞亨利在战争失败时所做的⼯作。他还说亨利的举⽌⾏动象个已婚的⼈。厌战情绪笼罩⼀切。在前线，当意⼤利⼈得悉德军⼏个师增援奥军后，开始从卡波雷托狼狈溃退。亨利驾驶了⼀辆装载医疗供应品的救护车。在向南撤退的过程中他的救护车多次被绵延达⼏英⾥长的停住不动的货车、⼤炮和卡车所堵住。亨利让两名失散的意⼤利中⼠上了车。在晚上，撤退的⼈马在⾬中被阻达⼏个⼩时。
清晨，亨利把他的车从长龙似的车队中撤出，越野⾏驶，企图抄⼩路赶往乌迪内。救护车在⼀条泥泞的⼩路上抛锚了。那两个中⼠决定离开，但亨利请他们帮忙把车从泥浆中解脱出来。他们不肯，撒
私信面膜
腿就跑。亨利开枪，打伤了其中的⼀个，另⼀个落荒⽽逃。和亨利在⼀起的⼀个意⼤利看护兵向那个受伤的中⼠开枪，打穿了他的后脑勺。亨利和他的三个战友出发步⾏前往乌迪内。在⼀座桥上亨利看见⼀辆德国军车和⼀些德国⾃⾏车部队通过同⼀条河上的另⼀座桥梁。当他们已经看到乌迪内时，亨利的⼀个伙伴被⼀个意⼤利狙击⼿击毙。其他⼈躲进⼀个粮仓，以便等情况安定⼀点再绕开乌迪内，赶上向塔利亚门托河撤退的⼤队⼈马。
那时意⼤利军队简直就是⼀群狂乱的乌合之众。兵⼠们丢掉武器，军官们撕下袖章。在塔利亚门托河上⼀座⽊桥的⼀头，宪兵见军官便抓，对他们进⾏战地军法审判，就在河边处决。亨利被扣，但夜间乘⿊溜⾛，跳进河⾥，抱住⼀根⽊头逃脱。他步⾏穿越威尼斯平原，跳上⼀列货车，到达⽶兰，跑到他曾经住过的那所医院⾥去。在那⾥他得知英国护⼠们都到斯特雷扎去了。
在从卡波雷托撤退的过程中，亨利向武器告了别。他向⼀位在⽶兰的美国朋友借了⼀⾝便服，坐⽕车去斯特雷扎，找到了正在那⾥休假的凯瑟琳。亨利所住旅馆的酒吧间服务员警告亨利说官⽅准备第⼆天⼀早以开⼩差的罪名逮捕亨利；他让亨利和凯瑟琳利⽤他的⼩船逃往瑞⼠。亨利划了整整⼀夜。等到第⼆天早晨他的双⼿痛得⼏乎连接触船桨都难以忍受。凯瑟琳不顾他的*，接过桨来。他们安全到达瑞⼠，接着被逮住了。亨利跟警⽅说他是⼀个运动员，爱好划船，他到瑞⼠是来进⾏冬季运动
的。他们有效的护照和两⼈拥有的充⾜的⾦钱使他们与*之间没有发⽣太多的⿇烦。
在那个秋季的剩余的⽇⼦⾥和冬季，他俩住在蒙特勒郊外的⼀家⼩客栈⾥。他们讨论了结婚问题，但凯瑟琳不愿意在怀着孩⼦的时候结婚。他俩徒步旅⾏，读书，谈论他们战后将在⼀起⼲些什么。
凯瑟琳分娩的⽇⼦快到了，她和亨利为了靠近医院，于是搬到洛桑去。他们计划春天再回到蒙特勒。在医院⾥，凯瑟琳的阵痛促使⼤夫对她使⽤了⿇醉剂。在⼏个⼩时的痛苦之后，她产出⼀个死婴。护⼠让亨利出去找点吃的东西。当他回医院时，听说凯瑟琳⼤出⾎。他跑进屋⾥，陪伴着她，直到她咽⽓。他⽆事可做，⽆⼈可谈，⽆处可去。凯瑟琳死了。他离开医院，在⿊暗中⾛回旅馆。天下着⾬。
