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Greek numerals（希腊数字）
Greek numerals
[edit this paragraph] Introduction
The Greek numeral is a digital system reprented by Greek letters. They are also called "Millie numbers", "Alexander numbers", or "alphanumeric numbers."". In modern Greece, they are still ud in ordinal numbers and are largely similar to tho ud in the west by Rome numerals, while people u the Arabia numerals in everyday u of cardinals.
The earliest Greek numeration system (acrophonic) is the first letter of the Attica figures, with Rome digital operations are very similar (Rome digital is ud Greek digital), using the following formula: I = 1, P = 5, a = 10, PI delta = 50, within = 100, pi = 500 within. X = 1000, PI x = 5000, M = 10000 and M = 50000 pi.
From fourth Century onwards, Attica replaced 1.5 decimal system digital alphabet, sometimes called the Ionian digital. Each digit is reprented by one letter. Each ten digit number is reprented by another letter, and so is the 100 digit number. This requires 27 letters, and the 24 Greek letters are not
enough. So the three abandoned Greek letters are re ud: Digamma (?, u at the same time also have Stigma? Or sigma tau) 6, Qoppa (?) 90, and Sampi (?) 900. See numbers: Stigma, Koppa, Sampi. Followed by a pointed note (´) ud to distinguish numbers from letters.
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By adding the principles of digital Ionian letters in
accordance with the numerical combination to express the value, such as 241 reprents a "sigma Mu alpha ′" (200 + 40 + 1).
To express numbers from 1000 to 999999, the same letters are repeated to reprent "Vanward one hundred thousand". In front of an inverted letter symbol to distinguish it from Culex and standard. If "2006" is expresd as "beta" (2000 + 6).
Letter value, letter value, letter value
Alpha ′ 1 L ′ 10 P ′ 100
Beta ′ 2 kappa ′ 20 Sigma ′ 200
再陪我看一次Gamma ′ 3 x ′ 30 ′ 300
楷体字
Delta ′ 4 ′ 40 ′ 400
E ′ 5 V ′ 50 ′ 500
′ ′ or?? or sigma tau ′ 6. ′ 60 x ′ 600
7 / zeta ′ ′ 70 by ′ 700
ETA 8 PI ′ ′ 80 ′ 800
Theta ′ 9; ′ 90; ′ 900
成语故事20字In modern Greek, upperca letters are more common, such as Phi iota iota lambda pi pi / beta is Philip??.i74790
The Greeks ud "Myriad" to say "ten thousand" and "ten thousand" to reprent "one hundred million."". Cas:
The natural philosopher Archimedes in his "sand" in a number of more advanced reprentation of large numbers, such as the number of beach sand, sand and the number of all in the univer all the world all on the beach.
防水工程[edit this paragraph] zero in Greek numerals
The Greek astronomers around the world this system extends to sixty hexadecimal notation according to a system, make every numerical reprentation of up to 59, and by a special symbol zero, its usage is more clo to the modern zero rather than a simple placeholder. However, bitwi counts are generally limited to fractional fractions of numbers (called points, conds, bits, etc.), and they do not need to be integral parts of numbers. This system may be in about 140 years ago by the Hipparcos from Babylon digital introduction. Later it was special, Ptolemy (Theon) and the female from the joy.
In Greek sixty, the symbol of zero indicates veral degrees of change. In cond Century, the papyrus ud a very small circle with a few cm long cross bars with different ends at the ends of the bar. Later on the bar is shortened to only about one centimeter, and modern Omicron (only) is very similar.
In the late medieval Arabia manuscripts, it was still ud when alphanumeric characters were ud. In Byzantine manuscripts on the bar has been omitted, as simple as. The other is to gradually change process that the delta epsilon (V / V from said "no"
prefix) this hypothesis is untenable. (Otto, Neugebauer, The, Exact, Sciences, in, Antiquity (cond, edition, Providence, RI:, Brown, University, Press, 1957) 13-14, plate 2.)
Some of Ptolemy's true "zero" appears in the first line of his eclip table, this is a calculation of the moon center and the center of the sun (for solar eclip) or the center of earth's shadow (the lunar eclip) angle difference table. All of the "zero" in 0 | 00 forms, namely Ptolemy ud three of the symbols to reprent a zero. The middle line reprents the integer part actually parate to the left in his form is called "digital" (digits), each one reprenting five corner points; and the fractional part is called the "disappearance" (minutes of immersion), which is one of the 60 points and 360 points of A. [Ptolemy's, Almagest, translated, by, G., J., Toomer, Book, VI, (Princeton, NJ:, Princeton, University, Press, 1998), pp.306-7]
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