高中英语：Unit 1《Nothing ventured, nothing gained》学案Reading（新人教版选修10）
课文长句难句剖析
1. The smell is, as usual, almost unbearable, being a mixture of sweat, al oil fat, and dirty underwear.
剖析：being a mixture of sweat, al oil fat, and dirty underwear是现在分词短语，作表语unbearable的补语，进一步解释unbearable的原因。
译文：气味像平时一样几乎让人无法忍受,有汗味、海豹油味，还有肮脏内衣的气味。
2. I try to think of happier things: warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days, my mother’s face and the celebration we will get when we return, for I am part of a failed expedition that tried to cross the continent of Antarctica, something that had never been done before.
剖析：try to的意思是：努力去做。。。。。。／试图想要。。。。。。（但往往没有做成功）
比如：Jack tried to stand up on the head but (he) failed.杰克想用头着地倒立，可是没有立起来。
think of是“想起、想到、认为”等意思。比如：She felt afraid when she thought of the story his boy friend told her the other day.她一想起男朋友那天给她讲的故事就感到害怕。
3. … for I am part of a failed expedition that tried to cross the continent of Antarctica, something that had never been done before.
for 引导的“顺便表示原因的”状语从句。比如：Tom didn’t come today for he is ill.汤姆今天没来，因为他生病了。Becau是用来回答why提出的问题的，语气最强；since引导原因状语从句时，含有“前提条件、前提原因”的意思。比如：——Why didn’t you come to my birthday party last weekend? 你为什么不来参加我上一个周末的生日聚会？ ——Becau I was away on business in Shanghai. 因为我出差在上海呢。Since this method doesn’t work, let’s try another.既然这个方法不行，我们试用另一种吧。在这个状语从句里包含两个that 引导的定语从句，分别修饰expedition 和something，something 指to cross the continent of Antarctica这一件事。
注意：“。。。中的一员”英语要说成：… be part of … 。part 前面不能有冠词a，比如：Our class is a big family and everyone here is part of this big family.我们班级是个大家庭，在座的每一个人都是这个家庭中的一员。
Something意思是“重要的～、了不起的、含糊的概念”等。比如：At least we didn’t lo any money. That’s something. 至少我们没有丢钱。这才是最重要的。
译文：我竭力地想着更加高兴的事情：温暖干燥的衣服、一张舒适的床、阳光灿烂的日子、妈妈的面庞和我们回到家时我们将要得到的庆祝，因为我是试图横穿南极大陆这个失败的探险队里的一员，这也是史无前例壮举。
真题：Playing tricks on others is _____ we should never do.(04湖南)
A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
解析：something指不明确、含糊的事情。故选B。
4. So it was with great excitement one morning in July 1914 that I read this advertiment:…
这是强调结构的句子，with great excitement one morning in July 1914是“被强调部分”。这种强调结构可以被用来对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调。比如：
I met your parents in the street yesterday.我昨天在街上遇见你爸爸妈妈了。
It was I that/who met your parents in the street yesterday.（强调“我”遇见～，不是“其他的人”）
It was in the street that I met your parents yesterday.（强调“在街上”不是别的地方）
It was yesterday that I met your parents in the street.（强调“昨天”不是其他的时间）
要注意从句里的主谓一致。比如：
Tom has done this .
It was Tom that/who has done this.
对句子的谓语动词强调用do 的适当形式。比如：
When rescue did come, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.
Tom did break the cup this morning.
She does know the good news.
We do want to help you with your maths.
5. He made me a steward to help cook twenty-eight meals three times a day.
剖析：to help cook twenty-eight meals three times a day是结果状语，不是made的宾语补语。
译文：他让我做船上的善务员，协助做２８个人的一日三餐饭菜。
真题：An awful accident _____ , however, occur the other day. (2000全国)
A. does B. did C. has to D. had to
解析：该句意思：可是，有一天的确发生了一件严重的事故。是过去时态，只能用did强调occur,故选 B。
6. Calling us calmly together, he made an urgent announcement that we must save only esntial supplies before the ship sank, particularly the small boats, food, cooking equipment, candles, bedding and clothes.
剖析：现在分词短语calling us calmly together作状语，句子主语he执行该动作，但是，如果用having called us calmly together（现在分词的完成式）会更好，和made在时间的层次上显得更加清楚；that引导同谓语从句，解释announcement的内容。
