英语单词用词缀判断词性
一、名词后缀
1.ce, ance, ence
appear (出现, 公开露面)一appearanee
refer (提交,谈及,提到,涉及,查阅,咨询)一referenee (提及,涉及,参考,参 考 书 目 , 证 明 书 ( 人 ), 介 绍 信 ( 人 ), audienee, adviee, allowanee, ambulanee, appearanee
2.al:
arrival, refusal, revival, removal, approval
4.ey :
accurate (正确的,精确的)一accuracy (精确性,正确度)
private— privacy, emerge ncy, freque ncy, urge ncy, efficie ncy, age ncy
5.dom:
freedom, kingdom, wisdom
6.er,or,ar, ist, ant, ent, es(s 女) : 人、职业
pain ter, worker, beg(请求,乞求)一beggar(乞丐),pia no-pia ni st, violi n (小提琴) —violinist, apply— applicant, correspond (通信)一correspondent(通讯记者) actress,waite— waitress, an alyst
7.hood : 时期,人,关系
child — childhood, man— manbood (成年男子)neighborhood (附近,邻居关系)
8.ty :
cruel—cruelty, pure—purity, activity, reality, ability, calamity
9.ment :状态,行动等
move—movement,retire—retirement,state-statement, treat-treatment, judgment, punishment, argument, assignment
10.ness :
dark—darkness, happy—happiness, awareness, kindness, tiredness,
11.ology : 学(学术类)
biology, geology physiology psychology, technology
12.ship :才能,状态,资格,品质
Frie ndship, relati on ship, scholar (学者)一scholarship (奖学金,学问,学识) leadership,hardship,membership, oppression, posssion, education
13.io n, sio n, tio n, atio n, itio n:行为的过程,结果,状况 decide-decision,expand-expansion, alter-alteration,action, solution, conclusion, destru ction, expression, correction, oppression, ambition
14.sure:
measure, pressure
15.th :
grow—growth, wide—width, deep-depth, health, wealth, truth, length
16.ture:
nature, mature, future, agriculture, architecture
二、动词后缀
1 .-ify 意为:转为,变为
class— classify (分类,分为),simple— simplify (单一化,简单化),
2.-ize;(美)i,(英)-en:使 , 化,变得
英语单词用词缀判断词性
deep— deepen (加深,深化),fast (紧的,牢的)一fasten (扎牢,扣住)
(现代人)一 moderni/modernize (<主英 >=modernize)
popula(r 通俗的, 流行的, 受欢迎的) —populari/populariz (e <主英> =popularize)
3.-ate:增加,使……
orig in ate, hydroge nate, validate, differe ntiate, dictate 独裁,使…听写(dict- 词根:说。“独裁”和“使…听写”的核心含义就是“说” ,ate无非是整个单词
中表示词性的成分。 )
4.-ish
finish完成(fine-词根:终止。比如:fin al-最后的,al-形容词后缀;fin ish-完成,ish- 动词后缀。)
三、形容词后缀:
1.able,ible :能 的;可以 的
question (疑问)一questionable (可疑的),apply (采用、应用)applicable
(可采用的,适用的)
2.al :有……属性的,……类型的
nature (自然)一 natural (自然的) , structure (结构 , 构造)一 structural
(结构的 , 建筑的) , casual
4.ant,ent
differ — different, plea (满足的,使满足)一pleasant (令人愉快的,舒
适的)
7.en: 材质
gold (黄金 , 金币)一 golden (金色的 , 金黄色的) wood ( 木材)
—wooden (木制的)
10.ful :充满,有
care (注意, 照料)一 careful (小心的 , 仔细的) pain (痛苦 , 疼)
—painful (疼痛的,使痛苦的)
11.ic,ical : 类的
atom (原子)一atomic (原子的,原子能的)psychology (心理学,心理状态) — psychological ( 心 理 ( 上 ) 的 ) electronic,economic, linguistic,physical,logical
12.ish ( 倾向)
girl (女孩, 少女)— girlish (少女的 , 少女似的 (男孩) ) child (孩子) —childish (孩子气的 , 幼稚的)
13.tive,sive :有 属性的;有某种倾向的
create (创造)— creative (创造性的) support (支援,支柱)— supportive (支持的,支援的) effective,expensive
14.less :没有,无
hope (希望,信心)一hopeless (没有希望的,绝望的)
pain (痛苦, 疼, 痛, 劳苦, 努力,使痛苦)— painless (无痛的 , 不痛的) 15.ous :富含……的;有……品质的;像……的
dan ger (危险)一da ngerous (危险的),pois on (毒药,败坏道德之事,毒害, 毒害, 败坏, 使中毒,放毒 , 下毒)一 poisonous (有毒的)
16.some -some :像 一样的;引起 的;有 品质的(like ; causing ;
having the quality of )
英语单词用词缀判断词性
tire ( 劳累, 厌倦)— tiresome (无聊的 , 烦人的) ,trouble (烦恼, 麻烦) — troublesome (麻烦的 , 讨厌的) handsome
17.y
guilt (罪行 , 内疚)— guilty (犯罪的 , 有罪的) ,noi (喧闹声 , 噪声)— noisy (吵杂的 , 聒噪的) fun-funny
18.ed -ed 意为:有 的,完成、被动
organized , plea-plead, boiled,fried ,overprotected
19.tal
coast (海岸) -coastal (沿海的) , mental environmental,experimental,
20.ure: 行为,结果
exposure, pressure, failure, procedure
21.nal educational,international, personal
22ial initial, potential, financial, social, martial art (武术)
四、副词后缀
1.-ly :以……方式
easy (容易的)一easily (容易地,不费力地),heavy (重的,繁重的)一heavily (很重地 , 沉重地) mentally
2.-ward (s):表示方式或动作的方向
east (东方 , 东)一 eastward(s) (向东,向东的 , 朝东的) north (北, 北方)一 northward(s) (向北,向北的) ,upward, downward,
3.-wi :按照 方式
clock (时钟)一 clockwi (顺时针方向的,顺时针方向地) other (其他的 , 另外的)一 otherwi (另外 , 不同地)
练习:写出下列单词的词性,以及推测其意思
corresp ond符合,一致,通信,相应
correspondence, correspondent,correspondingly, organize:组织
organization,organizer,organized,
beautify accountant boar:寄宿-boarder traveler extend: 延伸,扩大 extensive, extension,extensible detailed
Young 年轻的 - youth
parental analytic esntial in teract:相互作用-i nteractive