英语高考不规则动词变化集中识记 2017/1/20
一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个)
cost—cost—cost
cut—cut—cut
hit—hit—hit
hurt—hurt—hurt
let—let— let
put—put—put
read—read—read
t—t—t
shut—shut—shut
二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个)
1 过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。(3个)
bring—brought—brought
buy— bought—bought
think—thought— thought
2 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个)
build—built—built
lend—lent— lent
nd—nt—nt
spend—spent— spent
3.过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。(2个)
catch—caught—caught
teach—taught—taught
4.把-eep变为-ept。(3个)
keep—kept—kept
sleep—slept—slept
sweep— swept—swept
5 把-ell变为-old。(2个)
tell—told—told
ll—sold—sold
6.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个)
smell—smelt—smelt
spell—spelt—spelt
feel—felt— felt
spill—spilt—spilt
7.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个)
learn—learnt—learnt
mean—meant—meant
spoil—spoilt—spoilt
8.过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个)
say—said—said
pay—paid—paid
lay—laid—laid
hear—heard—heard
9.改变元音字母。(11个)
meet—met—met
get—got—got
sit—sat—sat
find— found—found
hold—held—held
spit—spat—spat
shine— shone—shone
win—won—won
hang—hung—hung
dig— dug—dug
lo—lost—lost
10.改变辅音字母。(1个)
make—made—made
11 改变元、辅音字母。(4个)
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have(has)— had—had
understand—understood—understood
三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共35个)
1 i—a—u变化。(6个)
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing— sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swum
sink— sank—sunk
2 词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个)
blow—blew—blown
draw—drew—drawn
grow— grew—grown
know—knew—known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3 词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外)
drive—drove—driven
write—wrote—written
ride— rode—ridden
ri—ro—rin
4 过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个)
break—broke—broken
choo—cho—chon
freeze—froze—frozen
speak—spoke—spoken
wake—woke— woken
5 过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个)
forget—forgot—forgotten
6 过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个)
be—was(were)—been
eat—ate—eaten
fall—fell—fallen
give—gave—given
e—saw—en
hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7 词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。(2个)
take—took—taken
mistake—mistook—mistaken
8 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个)
do—did—done
fly—flew—flown
go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain
show—showed—shown
wear—wore—worn
四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。(1个)
beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。(3个)
come—came—come
become—became—become
run— ran—run
六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。(4个)
can—could
may—might
will—would
shall—should
文中6个动词的过去式和过去分词,还有一种规则变化形式。
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不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一
类词。学生难学,老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中
的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家
在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、 原形、过去式、过去分词相同:
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut (细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)
二、 原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:
beat/beat/beaten
三、 原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:
come/came/come become/became/become
run/ran/run
come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed
四、 过去式,过去分词相同:
(1) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
meet/met/met feed/fed/fed
(2) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t
feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept
(3) 词尾为的ll 去掉一个l加t
spell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smelt
spill/spilt/spilt
(4) 过去式和过去分词以aught或 ought结尾
catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taught
bring/brought/brought buy/bought/bought
think/thought/thought
(5) 将stand改为stood
stand/stood/stood understand/understood/understood
(6) 将ay改为aid
lay/laid/laid pay/paid/paid
say/said/said
(7) 将d改为t
lend/lent/lent nd/nt/nt
spend/spent/spent
build/built/built
(8) 将i改为a , o, u等
sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spat
win/won/won
dig/dug/dug
(9) 将ell改为old