环境工程专业英语课后习题局部答案（第二版）
——钟理主编
Exercis 0
Write an article about yourlf, including personal background, family, education, interests,
ambitions and others. Write as much as you would like to.
About Mylf
My name is Qin Zheng. I am from Xiangshan, which is a small town in Ningbo District. It is very beautiful and nowadays a lot of films and TV programmes are shot there. More and more people went there for a holiday. The people there are laborious, virtuous and warm hearted. I’m much felicitated that I was born and raid up there. It is my hometown and I will love it forever.
My family has been engaged in farming for generations. My relatives are all farmers. My ancestors and my parents have plotted all their life on thin ground. In my family, my fa ther, my mother and I, that’s all.
Now I’m in grade three, a third year student in Jiaxing University. Since I have made a lot of friends, I find life in this university both happy and rewarding. I live happily here. I like climbing mountains. I like singing, listening classical music. I like essay, also novel, but my favorite is essay. Unfortunately, although I have read so much, my writing is still not very good.
I hope that I can be an uful person for our society. But at the moment, my knowledge is still not rich enough. In order to realize my objectives in life, I will study hard and gain more and more skills and knowledge, such as speaking English and using computer. If I have enough money after graduation from school, I will study driving. It is good to have a good job when someone can drive a car or a bus.
Unit 1 (P.4)
1 Bad on Reading Material, put the following into Chine.
life expectancy ：耐用期限，平均寿命
poverty-stricken ：贫穷的，贫困的，贫乏的
smog-laden air ：烟雾弥漫的天空，烟雾缭绕的空气，阴霾天气
global conditions ：全球状况
haves and have-nots ：富人和穷人
underprivileged ：社会地位低下的，相对贫困的，生活水平低下的，弱势的
savanna ：热带大草原，稀树草原
predator ：食肉动物，捕食者
environmental disruptions ：环境破坏，环境失调
2 Put the following into English.
农药—pesticide / agricultural chemicals (including: pesticide, germicide, herbicide)
化肥—chemical fertilizer
有机废物—organic wastes
微生物—microorganism / microbe
衰减—attenuation
阻滞的—retardant / blocking
稀释—dilution
添加剂—additive
合成塑料—synthetic plastic
再生—regeneration
Unit 3 (P.19)
1 Put the following into Chine.
(1) Raw materials that lo their ufulness becau they sit on the shelf too long become waste.
原材料放置过久会失去它们本身性能而变成废弃物。
(2) Poor cleaning of parts or inadequate dragout time will reduce the ufulness of the process
chemicals, increa the cost of waste disposal, and the cost of chemical replacement.不良的零件清洗或者不充分的接触时间将减少工艺过程中化学品的有用性，增加处理废弃物的费用以及替换化学药品的费用。
(3) Lockheed successfully switched from an alkaline cyanide cadmium bath to an acidic noncyanide cadmium bath.
洛克希德（公司）成功地将碱性氰化镉溶液槽改变为酸性不含氰化镉的溶液槽。
(4) Do not try to reinvent the wheel. Develop networking partners to share ideas.不要进行重复研究。开展网络伙伴以分享思想。
3 Put the following into Chine.
Waste reduction/waste/minimization: 减少废物/废弃物/最小化
In-process: 工程内，进程内
Houkeeping: 维持管理
Equipment modification landfills: 设备改造，填埋
Biodegradable solvents: 可生物降解溶剂
Volatile chemicals: 挥发性化学品
Management commitment: 管理层的承诺
Unit 5 (P.34)
1 Put the following words or phra into Chine.
primary pollutant 一次大气污染物
condary pollutant 二次大气污染物
air stagnation 空气流动停滞，大气停滞
nitrous oxide 一氧化二氮(N2O)
nitric oxide 一氧化氮(NO)
nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮(NO2)
soot 煤烟
dust 灰尘
smog 烟雾
ozone 臭氧
herbicide 除草剂
pesticide 杀虫剂 / 农药
2 Put the following into English.
正常浓度 normal concentration
严重污染的 rious polluted / heavily polluted
决定因素 determining factor
光化学氧化物 photochemical oxidant
液体微滴 liquid droplet
放射性物质 radioactive substance
不完全氧化 incomplete oxidization / incomplete combustion
含硫的 sulfur-containing
风化 wind erosion / weathering
汽车尾气 automobile exhaust
Unit 6 (P.40)
1 Put the following into Chine
(1) The most vere quence of CO2 induced global warning would be melting of the polar
ice-caps and the subquent ri of ocean levels and inundation of coastal plains.由CO2 所引起的全球变暖的最严重后果是极地冰帽的熔化，以及随之而来的海平面上升所
引发的沿海平原的洪水。
(2) Although global warming from the already elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 has been
predicted by most climatic models, such a warming has not been empirically obrved.虽然大多数气候模型已经预测大气中CO2 浓度的增加将引起全球变暖，但对于这样的气候
变暖还没有实证观察过。
(3) Although they indicate trends in average surface temperatures and climate, they unfortunately
coincide with incread industrialization and pollution.
尽管这些资料说明了平均地面温度和气候的趋势，但不幸的是，恰恰遇上了这段时期内日益增强的工业化和污染。
2 Put the following into English.
温室效应 effect of greenhou
由二氧化碳引起的 caud by CO2
世界碳预算 world carbon budget
天气的自然波动 natural fluctuations in climate
全球变暖 global warming
厌氧的 anaerobic
甲烷 methane
臭氧层 ozonosphere
气候模型 climatic models
腐烂 decay
Unit 7 (P.47)
3 Put the following into English.
出口 outlet
多管高效旋风别离器 multitube high-efficiency cyclone
合成纤维 synthetic fabric
捕集效率 collection efficiency
机械洗涤 mechanical scrubbing
压力降 pressure drop
焚化炉 incinerator
气体离子 gas ion
捕集板 collection surface
碳黑 carbon black
Unit 8 (P.52)
1 Put the following into English.
尾气 off-gas
可应用性 applicability
工业规模 full-scale
土壤床 soil bed
生物过滤器 biofilter
固定资本 fixed capital
易生物降解的 easily biodegraded
2 Put the following into Chine.
VOC 挥发性有机化合物
APC 大气污染控制
Regulatory program 调整工程
Financial support 财政支持
Operating cost 操作本钱
Biodegradation capacity 生物降解能力Environmental media 环境介质
Biological 生物学的
Technologies 技术、工艺
Inorganic air pollutants 无机大气污染物
Unit 10 (P.66)
1 Put the following into Chine.
treatment facilities 处理设备
per capita per day 每人每天
municipality 市政当局, 自治市
population equivalent 人口当量
bament flooding 地下室浸水
runoff 排水
domestic wage 生活污水
type of terrain 地形种类
Unit 11 (P.73)
1 According to Reading Material, put the following into Chine. unpalatable 味道差的
volatile chemicals 挥发性的化学药品
scale in hot pipes 热水管积垢
harbor pathogens 窝藏病原体
precipitate 使沉淀
turbid 混浊的
intermittent sources 间歇的污染源
fixtures 固定设备
2 According to Reading Material, put the following into English.合成有机化合物 synthetic organic compound
微生物性能 microbiological properties
普遍接受 universal acceptance
食品加工 food processing
精馏 rectification
蒸发和冷凝 evaporation and condensation
土壤腐蚀 erosion of soil
过滤作用 percolating/ filtration
副产品 byproduct
脱盐 desalination
Unit 12 (P.81)
1 According to Reading Material, put the following into Chine. land disposal 掩埋处置
fecal coliform 粪大肠菌群
stringent effluent requirement 严格的废水排放要求
assimilation capacity 同化能力
practical outlets 可行的排出途径，现实出路
aquatic life 水生生物
detrimental to human health 对人体健康有害的
endogenous pha 内源〔生长〕期
Unit 13 (P.89)
1 Bad on Reading Material, put the following into Chine.
