第一章 词汇1
考试要点:名词单数和复数、形容词、副词、动词。
| 基本概念 | 英文缩写 | 例词 | 例句 |
名词 | 表示人、事物和抽象概念等名称的词 | n。 | city(城市), war(战争),family(家),Henry, London(伦敦) | John is a student. |
代词 | | | I, me,it, my(我的), mine(我的某某某) | Would you like to go shopping with me. |
数词 | 表示数量多少或先后顺序的词 | | one, two, first, cond | About 22% of British workers do work more than 48 hours a week. |
形容词 | 修饰或说明名词或代词的词 | adj。 ……的 | good, successful(成功的), careful(仔细的) | The company has a good reputation。 |
副词 | 修饰动词等的词 | adv。 ……地 | often, always, quickly | I often go to work on foot. |
动词 | 表示动作或状态的词 | v。 | learn(学), get(得到), take(带走), feel(感觉到)jump(跳) | I want to learn about computer programming. |
冠词 | | | a, an, the | There is a hou in the picture. |
介词 | | | on, at, with, without(没有), among | You can find our homepage on the Internet. |
| | | | |
重点句型
I can speak a little Chine。 我会说一点儿汉语。
A little n.少量,少许,一点儿
adv. 少量地,稍许地
adj。 少量的,稍许的
【例句】I have no water。 Plea give me a little。 我没有水了。请给我一点儿。
【注意】辨析a little / little / a few / few
A little可修饰不可数名词,含有肯定的意思(若a little后可接可数名词单数时,little的含义是“小的,幼小的);little修饰不可数名词,含有否定的意思;
a few可修饰可数名词复数,含有肯定的意思;few修饰可数名词复数,含有否定的意思。
①—能给我点墨水吗?Could you give me some ink?
—好的,瓶子里还剩下一点儿.Yes, there is ___________ left in the bottle.
②我是新来的。在这儿没有什么朋友。I am new. I have ___________ friends here.
③只有少数学生星期六下午在教室学习。
Only ___________ students are studying in the classroom on Saturday afternoon.
④我几乎没有时间看书。I have ___________ time for reading.
⑤多么小巧玲珑的房子啊!What a pretty ____________ hou it is!
I’d like to join the Computer Club。 我想加入电脑俱乐部。
句型:I’d like to do sth。 ,意思是“我想要做某事”;其中I'd like to do sth。 / I’d like sb。 to do sth. / I’d like sth。 / Would you like to do sth。 / Would you like sth。为高考热点句型。尤其以疑问形式在交际用语中的考查。
① ( )—Would you like some sandwiches?
—___________. I’d rather have a piece of bread。 (2013年对口高考)
A. No, thanks B. No problem C。 That's OK D. Yes, plea
②( )-Welcome to McDonald’s! What would you like today?
—___________(2011年湖南对口高考)
A。 We’d like two hamburgers and two cokes。
B. Anything el?
C。 We'd like to take it away。
D。 We enjoyed the food very much。
③ 我想要喝一杯咖啡。I'd like _____________________________
④ 你今晚愿意和我一起一起外出吃饭吗?
重点交际用语
1.—How are you (doing)? 你好吗?
—Fine / Pretty good / Vey well。 Thank you. And you? 很好。谢谢。你呢?
2. —How are things? 你好吗?
-Great! / Not bad! 棒极了!不错!
3. How are you feeling today? 你今天觉得怎样?
4. How is it going? 近况如何?
5. How is everything with you? 你一切如何?
6。 What's your name? 你叫什么名字?
7。 May I have your name? 能告诉我你的名字吗?
8。 Your name, plea? 请告诉我你的名字.
9. —How do you do? 你好!
—How do you do? 你好!
10。-Nice / Glad / Plead to meet you. 很高兴认识你。
—Nice / Glad / Plead to meet you,too. / Me, too。我也是。
11.-Where are you from? 你从哪儿来?
—I am from… 我来自……
12。 Long time no e. 好久不见。
13。 Can you say something about yourlf? 能谈谈你的一些情况吗?
【仿真训练】
( )1. —I haven’t en you for a long time. How is it going?
—_______________(2014年湖南对口高考)
A.Nice to meet you. B. Not bad.
C. That’s all right。 D. Thanks a lot。
( ) 2。 —Good morning, Mike! How is everything going?
—____________(2011年湖南对口高考)
A. Thank you very much. B。 Great, How about you?
C。 My pleasure D。 Nice to meet you。
( ) 3. —Hi, Tom. How is everything?
—____________(2008年湖南对口高考)
A.I don't care at all。 B。 Not good。 Thanks。
C. Not bad. How are you? D。 Thank you for asking。
难点、考点导引
join v. 参加,加入
I’d like to join the football club。 我想加入足球俱乐部。
【注意】辨析join / join in / take part in / attend
join参加,加入某一组织或团体,并成为其中一员;
join in后一般接小规模的活动名词,如“游戏,讨论,散步等”;
take part in一般指参加群众性的活动,并在其中发挥重要作用;
attend一般指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼,去上学,去听报告,去礼拜等。
【例句】
①去年,汤姆加入了共青团。Last year, Tom ____________the Yong League.
②今天我要去听报告。Today I will _____________the lecture.
③他将参加英语演讲比赛。 He will _____________the English Speech Contest.
say / speak / tell / talk
say v. 说;讲,(侧重说的内容);
speak v. 讲,(后一般接语言名词作宾语);
tell v. 告诉,(后面一般带双宾语),tell sb。 sth。 告诉某人某事;
或者tell sb. to do sth。 告诉某人做某事;
talk v。 交谈,谈论,一般用法为talk about sth. with sb。 和某人谈论某事。
①他说他从来没有去过长城。
He _________ that he had never been to the Great Wall。
②据说,那里遭受了一场大洪水的袭击.
It is _________ that there has been a big flood。