牡丹简介（Peony introduction）
Peony, native to the mountains of Western China, Qinling Mountains and Dabashan mountains, is a deciduous deciduous shrub with slow growth and small plant type. Peony is a Chine endemic woody rare flowers, known as the "national beauty and heavenly fragrance", "flower king" reputation, has long been a symbol of fortune and flourishing of the people as. Peony is the most famous of Luoyang peony and Heze peony. Peony root bark medicine, called "Peony", can be ud as potted ornamental plants and flowers of many colors, pink, red, white, pink to white powder in the crown, with more famous jade king.
Peony tree name
Nickname: Lujiu, white, in Gu Rong, wood peony, 100 gold, Luoyang rain flower, Waratah etc.
Two law: Paeonia suffruticosa
Gate: angiosperm gate Magnoliophyta
Class: dicotyledonous class Magnoliopsida
Purpo: Saxifraga Saxifragales
Division: Peony Paeoniaceae
Genus:
Morphological character
Peony root fleshy branches and roots less powerful. Plant height 1-3m, can amount to 2m, old stalk is gray brown, the branch of that year is brown. Two back, three pinnate leaves, alternate. Flower single, stem top, flower diameter 10-30cm, flower color has white, yellow, pink, red, purple and compound, have single, double, double and balcony type flower. Calyx has 5 pieces.
Many classification methods of the peony, the plant type can be divided into vertical type, development type and mi open type; according to the bud type can be divided into round type bud, bud type, olecranon type and narrow mouth type; according to the branching habit can be divided into single branch type and arbutoid type; by color can be divided into white, yellow, powder, red, purple, lilac, Mo Zi (black) (blue), and green color; according to the flowering period can be divided into early, middle and late flower type, flower type of autumn winter type (some species have two flowering habit, spring flowering, autumn and winter can be natural flowering, which is called the autumn winter type); according to the flower type can be divided into four groups, and class level. Fo
ur the peony, Paeonia, yellow and purple peony peony; two kinds of single flower and prolification flower; two groups: Melaleuca group and sub floor group; group according to the shape of flowers are divided into veral types, such as single, lotus, Anemone type, crown type etc..
peony
The peony is a perennial deciduous shrub grows slow, small plant type, plant height of more than 0.5 to 2 meters; roots fleshy,
thick and long, the center of lignification, the length is 0.5 ~ 0.8 meters, a handful of root length up to 2 meters; the root bark and root flesh color varies by species; stems erect and crisp from the roots, round, and the number of branches with shrubby, annual shoots, smooth grass, yellow brown, often cracking and peeling; leaves alternate, usually two to three leaf leaves, upper branches often leaves a simple, lanceolate, oval, ellip shape, terminal leaflet usually 2 to 3 lobed leaves above, deep green or yellow green to gray green, smooth or hairy; petiole length 8 ~ 20 cm, a groove on the surface; flowers solitary in the top branches, flowers bixual, big colorful, beautiful shape and colorful flower diameter 10 ~ 30 cm; flowers the color of white, yellow Red, purple, pink, purple, lilac, Mo Zi (black) (blue), green, color ten colors; the male often pistil petal phenomenon, petal stamen an
d pistil and natural increa flap and the degree of variety and cultivation conditions, growth period and so on; most normal flower stamen. Seed strength, ed maturity is high, rious flower petal pistil, ed and less fal or no ed, complete flower stamens free carpels, usually 5, rarely 8 pieces, each with a bottle of ovary, ovule majority, marginal placenta, bone fruit five corners, each angle. 7 ~ 13 eds, ed round, ripe for yellow brown when old, mature eds of diameter 0.6 ~ 0.9 cm, weight about 400 grams. [1]
By changing the Wild Peony home, due to changes in environmental conditions and constantly artificial breeding and cultivation, in addition to flower color, flower type, flower and have variation, and in plant morphology, root length, leaf thickness, color, shape and other aspects of the variation.
Becau of the different varieties, the peony plants are tall, short, clustered, solitary, straight, oblique, clustered, scattered, and somewhat different. In general, divided into five types according to their shapes;
Peony hanging plate (9) 1. upright type
The branches are erect, tall and straight, with a compact distribution and small angle of expansion, and the angle between the branch and the vertical line is less than 30 degrees. Internodes are longe
r, the annual growth of new shoots is 10~15 cm, generally five years, plant height is 40~50 cm, height is more than 1 meters. Such as "the first ca of red", "purple Erqiao", "Yao Huang".
2. evacuation type
Many branches of evacuation to the surrounding stretch bending, strain amplitude was higher than that of low expansion, the formation of plant shape, angle and the vertical line of the expanded branches in more than 45 degrees, shoot length, soft. Such as "Zhao powder", "Shou red", "flowers", "black dragon lying".
3. opening type
The branches grow strong and straight, and they stretch out to the side,
The angle between the two lines, a regular shape, moderate height, shoot growth was 6 ~ 8 cm, usually five years old in
the height of 30 ~ 40 cm. Such as "red top" and "the Yinhong Qiao" and "Jinyu cross ction".
4. dwarf
The branches grow slowly, internodes short and den leaves, branches, distribution of compact short years, shoot growth amount is 2 to 4 cm, usually five years old height 15 cm high. Such as "red beauty", "Luo Hanhong", "purple cloud" as the reprentative.
5. dry type
For the artificial cultivation of art form, has obvious trunk, trunk height range, generally 20 to 80 cm. The main part of the students on the number of branches, a crown (no crown), shape rembles a quaint, bonsai, the forming period of slower growth, generally above 8 years. Such as "number eighteen" and so on.
Henan, Luoyang
Different Peony pictures (21) Luoyang peony root Heluo land began in the Sui and Tang, sung in the song heaven. Legend, a la Tianshou two years at the beginning of the month, Xijing Changan snow, Wu Zetian drinking poetry, write: "this goes under the edict of Ming Dynasty amument park, known to spring, flowers to be made through the night, Mo to be wind blowing. "Flowers not this life, the night alone open, do not violate the peony ason, clod without core. Wu Zetian anger, the peony banished from Changan, nt to Luoyang, and to the stake. Peony by this disaster, such as coke; bu
t the root branches
