阅读理解5大题型解析
一、细节理解题：
定义：对原文的某事物、现象或理论等进行提问。它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。 问题主要包询问人(who)、物(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(cau)、结果(effect) 以及文中的数据(data)等等。
特征：题干中包含有比较明确的具体信息，可以在原文中找到相对应的位置。
解题方法：定位法：根据题干信息回归原文找到相对应的位置（最好做划线记号），然后仔细分析划线部分前面或后面的句子，与选项做对比，与原文表述相一致的即为正确选项。要特别注意的是，原文与选项对比是要表达意思一致，而不仅仅是某几个单词一样。
经典例题：（2010年福建高考英语卷C篇）
Business are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.
Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchas to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.
This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in ven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elwhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.
Harry Morrison, chief executive（主管）of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes: “I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”
Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require business to buy carbon allowances to make up for their
emissions （排放）. Tho that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.
The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing.“When companies are granted（授予）the standard, they can u a logo（标识）in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.
66．According to Harry Morrison, business .
A. will benefit from cutting carbon emissions B. should buy carbon allowances for shoppers
C. are required to make up for their carbon emissions D. have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elwhere
实战演练：（2010年福建高考英语卷E篇）
In the United States, there were some well-constructed hous for native Indians, ranging from the simple brush shelter to the five-storied pueblo.
In the eastern United States, one of the existing types was that commonly know under the Algonkian name of wigwam in which the Iroquois Indians lived. The wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends, made by bending young trees to form the round shape. Over this shape pieces of tree bark were laid to protect the Indians from bad weather. Over the bark dried grass was added. A small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top. Doorways at each en rved also as windows, The Iroquois Indians built trunk walls all around their villages. The wall had only one opening. They could quickly clo this opening if their enemies came near.
Interestingly, the Choctaw Indians in Mississippi also lived in a wigwam of a most primitive(原始的) construction, but different from tho of the Iroquois Indians. The Choctaw Indians’ wigwams, made from mud, cane and straw, were in the form of a bee-hi
ve. The covering was made of a long, tough grass. A post in the centre supported the roof. A hole in the top admitted the light, and allowed the smoke to pass out.
The tipi tent-housing of the upper lake and plains area was put up with poles t lightly in the ground, tied together near the top, and covered with bark and grass in the lake country. It was easily portable, and two women could t it up or take it down within an hour.
The Pawnee, Mandan and other Indian tribes (部落) along the Missouri built solid ring-shaped structures of trunk, covered with earth and dried grass, housing a dozen families.
The Wichita and other tribes of the Texas border built large ring-shaped hous covered with dried grass.
Apart from the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing.
73. According to the passage, the Pawnee Indians built their hous _____.
A. with openings in the trunk walls B. large enough for veral families
C. in a ring shape with bark and mud D. by bending young trees to form the shape xx|
二、推理判断题：
定义：在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，根据文章的信息做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。它包括判断和推理题，这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。近年来高考推理判断题的题量有加大的趋势，考生一定要注意：
特征：一般有如下提问方式：
（1） It can be inferred from the passage / text that ______. 或What can be inferred from the passage?
（2） It may be concluded from the passage that_________
（3） The passage suggests that ________
（4） Which of the following is TRUE/Not True according to the passage?
