专业术语（中英对照）
一、土建：
分包商：subcontractor；业主：client；进度表：schedule form sheet；分包商投标报价：subcontractor’s quotation；建筑：architecture （building）；结构：civil/structure；装修：decoration；暖通：HVAC；电气：electrical
电讯：telecommunication；消防：fire fighting；给排水：water supply and drainage；土方：earthwork；灰土：lime soil；回填：backfill （filling）；压实：compaction；基础梁：foundation beam；电缆沟：cable trench；地下设施：underground facilities；开挖：excavation；电缆桥架：cable tray；垫层：bedding cushion；浇注：cast；钢筋混凝土：reinforce concrete；商品混凝土：prefix concrete；素混凝土：plain concrete；模板：formwork；养护：curing；混凝土养护：curing concrete 基础螺栓：anchor bolt；预埋件：embedded steel；沟槽：trench；开洞：opening；电梯井：lift well；脚手架 scaffold；钢筋的弯折、搭接、焊接：rebar bending、cutting、lapping and welding；上部结构：superstructure；混凝土框架：concrete frame structure；放线：alignment；定位：fix position；清理：clean up；平整：grade；支撑：support；振捣器：vibrator；塌落度：slump；添加剂：additive；混凝土标号：class of concrete；打灰速度：rate of pour；打灰编号：pour number；预
留孔堵塞：block out；养护方式：curing propod；内装修：interior finished；外装修：exterior finished；盘圆：bundled bar；木嵌条：cork joint；横向施工缝：horizontal construction joint detail；纵向施工缝：longitudinal construction joint detail；填方区：filling farm；挖方区：cutting farm；零点线：zero line；施工标高：construction elevation；设计标高：design elevation；原地面标高：ground elevation；建筑物和构筑物：building and structure；防潮层：
damp proof cour；素土：plain soil(raw soil)；素土压实：
compacted soil；压实系数：compacting factor；振捣混凝土：vibrated concrete；平板振捣器：vibrating board；振动捣实：vibrating compaction；振捣棒：vibrating needle；振动夯：vibrating rammer；水准仪：leveler；经纬仪：transit；靠尺：running ruler；楔形塞尺：plug scale；表面平整度：surface plainness（surface levelness）；抄平：take elevation；轴线位置：axial line position；截面内部尺寸：the inner dimension of the ction；层高垂直：floor height vertically；全高：entire height；相邻两板表面高低差 height difference between two
neighbor form plate；次梁钢筋：sub-beam rebar；板钢筋：slab rebar；灌注桩：cast-in-place pile；混凝土保护层：protective coating of concrete；钻孔灌注桩：bore cast-in-place pile；地板：floor；基础上筋：bottom bar of the foundation；基础下筋：upper bar of the foundation material；滑
动端：sliding side；固定端：fixed side；水泥砂浆：cement mortar；细石混凝土：fine concrete；配筋图：rebar arrangement；止水扳：water stop；底版平面：bottom slab plan；集污槽：sump tank；防爆墙：explosion-proof wall；静电接地板：anti-static grounding floor board；冻土深度：frozen soil depth；抹灰：plaster。
二、钢结构：
垫板：washer；底版：ba plate；栏杆：handrail；打磨平整：grinder finish；剪切力：shear force；剪切面 shear area；双剪连接：double shear connection；钢性连接：moment connection；力矩系数：moment coefficient；扭矩
torque moment（moment of torsion）；轧制钢板：rolled steel；角焊缝：fillet weld；柱脚底标高：post elevation；加劲肋详图：detail of
rib stiffen；散热片：
cooling rib；横肋：cross rib；加强肋：stiffening rib；支撑端头：end detail of brace；竖向支撑接点板连接方式：gust plate connection of vertical bracing；密封焊：al welding；角钢支撑：angle brace；格
栅板卡具固定详图：details of clamp grating；穿管周边钢格栅详图：details of grating pipe；普通卡具连接形式：normal clamp type；钢格栅铺设详图：detail of grating construction；踏步板：stair tread；胀锚螺栓（加固螺栓）：cinch bolt；梯梁：stringer；纵梁斜撑：stringer bracing；固定板：mounted plate；拐角处扶手（栏杆）：railing at corner；塞焊：plug weld；门轴：gate axle；销：pin；套管：sleeve；栏杆：handrail；H 型钢：H steel;；槽钢：channel steel；安全护笼：safety cage；钢格板：grate；花纹钢格板：CH.PL；双向钢筋网：double bar-mesh；罐区地坪：paving of tank farm；零件：part；部件：component；构件：element；小拼单元：the smallest asmbled rigid unit；中拼单元：intermediate asmbled structure；高强度螺栓连接副：t of high strength bolt；空间刚度单元：space rigid unit；焊钉焊接：stud welding；环境温度：ambient temperature；抗滑移系数：slip coefficient of faying face；钢结构防火：fireproof for steel structure。
三、桩基（pile foundation）
灌注桩：cast-in-place pile；混凝土保护层：protective coating of concrete；钻孔灌注桩：bore cast-in-place pile；桩位图：pile arrangement plan；桩顶标高：the top elevation of the pile；桩承台：pile cap；桩长：pile length；桩头凿掉：chip out the conic；静载试验：static test；单桩竖向承载力特征值：characteristic value of the pile vertical bearing capacity；单桩水平承载力特征值：characteristic value of the pile lateral bearing capacity；
动力测试：dynamic testing；桩详图：pile detail；卵石土：cobble soil；螺旋箍筋：spiral hoop-bar；焊接箍筋：welding hoop-bar；缩孔：shrinkage cavity；收缩孔：shrinkage hole；收缩力：shrinkage stress；高应变动力检测规程：specification for high strain dynamic testing of pile。
四、火灾报警系统及电气 fire alarm system and electrical 火灾报警
主控制盘：fire alarm main Control Panel；联锁电源盘：Interlock power panel；联锁备用电源 Interlock UPS；手动联锁控制盘：manual Interlock control panel；编码感烟探测器：Coding Smoke Detector；编码感温探测器：Coding Heat Detector；通用底座：common bament；编码手动报警按钮：Coding Manual Alarm Call Point；联锁控制模块：Interlock Control Module；信号输入模块：Signal input Module；编码声光报警器：Coding Flash and Sound Unit；壁挂式模块箱：Wall-mounted Module Box；分线盒：Branch Box；专用接地装置：Special Grounding Unit；电缆汇线槽：cable tray；阻燃双绞线：Non-fire Twisted Wire；水煤气钢管：conduit；网络模块：net module；无线对讲机：walkie-talkie；系统天线：antenna；充电器和电池：charger and battery；地下直埋线路：cable buried in the ground；沿建筑无暗敷设线路：cable concealed along the building；火警系统分线盒：fire alarm system branch box；双孔信息插孔：double-hole outlet；沿吊顶内敷设线路：cable installed in ceiling；屋顶下明敷设线路：cable installed under the ceiling；缆线由此引上：cable installed to upwards；缆线由下引来：cable installed from downwards；缆线由下引
来并由此引上：cable installed from downwards to upwards；缆线由上引来缆线由此引下：cable installed from upwards to downwards；用电负荷图表：load/motor list；防雷接地平面图：grounding and lightning wiring；
插座平面图：socket wiring；电气管线表：electrical cable schedule；电缆敷设平面图：cable laying diagram；中控搂配电平面图：CCB power wiring；典型电路图：schematic diagram MCC；单线图：MCC single line diagram；CCB化验配电系统图：CCB lab panel schedule；盘面布置
图：panel layout；CCB设备材料表：CCB list of equipment and
material；配电箱编号/型号：panel reference /type；回路编号：circuit reference；风机：ventilator；负荷统计表：load summary；芯数及截面：cable cores and size；灯座：bulb holder；应急灯：emergency lamp；单管荧光灯：fluorescent lamp with one tube ；三管荧光灯：fluorescent lamp
with three tubes；带应急电源的双管荧光灯 fluorescent lamp with two lamp with emergency power；二位单极暗装灯开关：conceal mounted lighting switch with two buttons；嵌入式灯具：recesd lighting；接地板：earth bar；接地极：electrode；接地线：grounding wire；接地干线：grounding bar；总接地网：general grounding grid；利用柱内内钢筋做引下线：u reinforcement in column as down conductor；防雷接地：grounding and lightning；铜包钢：copper clad steel；避雷针：lightnin
g rod；高压进线：Hv incoming feeder；中控楼电气管线表：CCB electrical cable schedule；高压进线：HV incoming feeder；检修插座：maintenance socket；现场操作拄：local control station；道路照明：road lighting；母线槽：bus duct；母联：bus coupler；母线：bus bar；成套装置：package unit；静电接地：
anti-static grounding ；土壤电阻：
soil resistivity ；防爆型：explosion-proof type；短路：short circuit；断路器：circuit breaker；功率因数：power factor；照明系统：lighting system；路灯：road illumination；照明灯具：lighting
fixture；照明配电箱：lighting distribution；变压器中
性点：transformer neutral；开关柜：switchgear cabinet；瞬时过电流继电器：instantaneous over-current relay ；延时过电流继电
器：
time delayed over-current relay；欠电压继电器：under voltage relay；接地故障继电器：earth fault relay；跳闸或报警：trip and alarm；计量柜：metering cabinet；操作及故障指示灯：operating and
fault indicating lamps；马达控制中心：motor control center；短路电流：short circuit current；抽出式执行部件：draw-out execution components；自动切换系统：automatic transfer system；相电流：pha current；微处理器：microprocessor；空气断路器：air break type circuit breaker；弹簧操作机构：spring operated mechanism；馈电空气断路器：
