李开复TED流利英⽂演讲：AI时代失去⼯作不可怕，可怕的是失去⽣活的意义
（附视频演讲稿）
AI（⼈⼯智能）正在极⼤地改变我们的世界，但有⼀件事它做不到：爱。
时隔26年，重返TED演讲台的创新⼯场创始⼈兼计算机科学家李开复博⼠详细介绍了美国和中国是如何推动⼀场深度学习⾰命的，并分享了⼈类如何利⽤同情⼼和创造⼒在⼈⼯智能时代茁壮成长的蓝图。
“⼈⼯智能是偶然的。”李开复说。“这是为了把我们从⽇常⼯作中解放出来，也是为了提醒我们，我们因何为⼈。”
李开复认为，在这场⼈⼯智能摧毁⼯作的浩劫中，唯有创造性⼯作才能从中全⾝⽽退。⼈类将⾯临的最⼤考验并⾮是失去⼯作，⽽是失去⽣活的意义。
李开复TED演讲英⽂版
李开复TED演讲中⽂版
李开复TED演讲双语版
在所有重复性⼯作上，⼈⼯智能都将⾼出⼈类⼀筹，但我们并⾮因为擅长重复性⼯作⽽为⼈，是爱定义了我们的⼈性，爱使我们有别于⼈⼯智能。
与⼈⼯智能相⽐，⼈类胜在有创造⼒和同情⼼，常规⼯作虽会被⼈⼯智能取代，但我们可以创造出许多关爱型⼯作。
李开复展望了AI和⼈类共⽣的未来蓝图：AI将代替我们承担重复性⼯作，AI⼯具将帮助科学家和艺术家提升创造⼒，对于⾮创造性、关爱型⼯作，⼈⼯智能将进⾏分析思考，⼈类以温暖和同情⼼相辅相成。
⼈类最终将以独⼀⽆⼆的头脑和⼼灵，做着只有⼈类擅长、以⼈类创造⼒和同情⼼取胜的⼯作。
李开复TED演讲稿双语版
I'm going to talk about how AI and mankind can coexist, but first, we have to rethink about our human values. So let me first make a confession about my errors in my values.
我将会谈谈⼈⼯智能和⼈类如何能够共存，但⾸先，我们需要重新思考⼈⽂价值。所以⾸先让我承认我价值观中的错误。
It was 11 o'clock, December 16, 1991. I was about to become a father for the first time. My wife, Shen-Ling, lay in the hospital bed going through a very difficult 12-hour labor. I sat by her bedside but looked anxiously at my watch, and I knew something that she didn't. I knew that if in one hour, our child didn't come, I was going to leave her there and go back to work and make a prentation about AI to my boss, Apple's CEO. Fortunately, my daughter was born at 11:30 --
那时是1991年12⽉16⽇的11时。我即将⾸次成为⽗亲。我的妻⼦，申玲，躺在病床上经历着⼀段艰⾟并为时12⼩时的分娩。我坐在床边但却焦虑地望着我的⼿表，⽽我知道⼀些她不知道的事。我知道如果在⼀⼩时内，我们的孩⼦还未出⽣，我将要将她留在那⾥并去上班并向我的⽼板，苹果的⾸席执⾏官呈现个有关⼈⼯智能的陈述。幸运的是，我的⼥⼉在11:30出⽣了--
sparing me from doing the unthinkable, and to this day, I am so sorry for letting my work ethic take precedence over love for my family.
为我免去了要做难以想象的事的需要，⽽⼀直到今天，我为我优先⼯作伦理于对我家⼈的爱之上感到抱歉。
My AI talk, however, went off brilliantly.
然⽽，我⼈⼯智能的呈现，进⾏得⾮常好。
Apple loved my work and decided to announce it at TED1992, 26 years ago on this very stage. I thought I had made one of the biggest, most important discoveries in AI, and so did the "Wall Street Journal" on the following day.
苹果喜欢我的作品，并决定在TED1992上将其宣布， 26年前就在这个台上。我以为我做了在⼈⼯智能领域内其中⼀个最重⼤的发现，第⼆天“华尔街⽇报”也是这么认为。
But as far as discoveries went, it turned out, I didn't discover India, or America. Perhaps I discovered a little island off of Portugal. But the AI era of discovery continued, and more scientists poured their souls into it. About 10 years ago, the grand AI discovery was made by three North American scientists, and it's known as deep learning.
但随着越来越多的发现，结果是，我并没有发现印度或是美洲。或许我发现的是葡萄⽛附近的⼀个⼩岛。但是⼈⼯智能的发现时代持续了下去，⽽越来越多的科学家全⼼全意地投⼊其中。⼤约10年前，三名北美科学家做出了重⼤的⼈⼯智能发现，那就是深度学习。
Deep learning is a technology that can take a huge amount of data within one single domain and learn to predict or decide at superhuman accuracy. For example, if we show the deep learning network a massive number of food photos, it can recognize food such as hot dog or no hot dog.
深度学习是个能在单⼀域名中取得⼤量资料并⽤超⼈的精确度来学习以作出预测或决定的科技。例如，如果我们向深度学习⽹络显⽰⾮常⼤量的⾷物照⽚，它可以辨认出例如有热狗或没有热狗的⾷物。
Or if we show it many pictures and videos and nsor data from driving on the highway, it can actually drive a car as well as a human being on the highway. And what if we showed this deep learning network all the speeches made by President Trump? Then this artificially intelligent President Trump, actually the network --
或如果我们向它显⽰许多在⾼速公路上⾏驶的影⽚和传感器数据，它其实可以与⼈类媲美在⾼速公路上开车。若我们向这深度学习⽹络显⽰所有特朗普总统所发表过的演说呢？这⼈⼯智能的特朗普总统，其实是该⽹络--
can --
可以--
You like double oxymorons, huh?
你喜欢双重⽭盾修辞法，对吧？
So this network, if given the request to make a speech about AI, he, or it, might say --
所以此⽹络，若被要求发表⼀场关于⼈⼯智能的演说的话，他，或它，或许会说--
(Recording) Donald Trump: It's a great thing to build a better world with artificial intelligence.
能运⽤⼈⼯智能来建⽴⼀个更完美的世界是个很美好的事情。
Kai-Fu Lee: And maybe in another language?
或许⽤另⼀个语⾔来说？
DT: (Speaking Chine)
⼈⼯智能正在改变世界
KFL: You didn't know he knew Chine, did you?
你们并不知道他会说中⽂吧？
So deep learning has become the core in the era of AI discovery, and that's led by the US. But we're
now in the era of implementation, where what really matters is execution, product quality, speed and data. And that's where China comes in. Chine entrepreneurs, who I fund as a venture capitalist, are incredible workers, amazing work ethic. My example in the delivery room is nothing compared to how hard people work in China. As an example, one startup tried to claim work-life balance: "Come work for us becau we are 996." And what does that mean? It means the work hours of 9am to 9pm, six days a week. That's contrasted with other startups that do 997.
所以深度学习成为了⼈⼯智能发现时代的核⼼，并由美国领导着。但我们现在⾝处于实践时代，被看重的是实⾏、产品质量、速度和数据。这就是中国被牵涉其中的时候了。中国企业家，我为这些⽃胆的资本家提供资⾦，他们是⾮凡的员⼯，有⾮常棒的⼯作伦理。我在产房的例⼦与中国⼈⼯作⽤功的程度相⽐之下不算什么。例如，有个新公司声称⼯作与⽣活的平衡： “加⼊我们吧，因我们是996。” 那是什么意思呢？那表⽰的是上午9时⾄晚上9时、每周六天的⼯作时间。这与其他实施997的新公司形成对⽐。
And the Chine product quality has consistently gone up in the past decade, and that's becau of a fiercely competitive environment. In Silicon Valley, entrepreneurs compete in a very gentlemanly fashion, sort of like in old wars in which each side took turns to fire at each other.
⽽在过去的⼗年中，中国制的产品质量在持续地提升，这归功于具有极其竞争⼒的环境。在硅⾕，企业家⽤⾮常绅⼠的⽅式来竞争，有点像是旧时的战争双⽅轮流向对⽅发⽕。
But in the Chine environment, it's truly a gladiatorial fight to the death. In such a brutal environment, entrepreneurs learn to grow very rapidly, they learn to make their products better at lightning speed, and they learn to hone their business models until they're impregnable. As a result, great Chine products like WeChat and Weibo are arguably better than the equivalent American products from Facebook and Twitter.
但在中国的环境内，它就像是⾓⽃⼠般往死⾥⽃。在这个极其残酷的环境内，企业家学习如何迅速成长，他们学习如何光速地将产品变得更好，他们⽽学习将他们的企业模型修饰⾄坚不可摧。结果是，像是微信和微博的杰出中国产品可说是⽐像是⾯⼦书和推特的相等美国产品更好。⽽中国市场欣然接受这项变化和加速变化以及范式转变。
And the Chine market embraces this change and accelerated change and paradigm shifts. As an example, if any of you go to China, you will e it's almost cashless and credit card-less, becau that thing that we all talk about, mobile payment, has become the reality in China. In the last year, 18.8 trillion US dollars were transacted on mobile internet, and that's becau of very robust technol
ogies built behind it. It's even bigger than the China GDP. And this technology, you can say, how can it be bigger than the GDP? Becau it includes all transactions: wholesale, channels, retail, online, offline, going into a shopping mall or going into a farmers market like this. The technology is ud by 700 million people to pay each other, not just merchants, so it's peer to peer, and it's almost transaction-fee-free. And it's instantaneous, and it's ud everywhere. And finally, the China market is enormous. This market is large, which helps give entrepreneurs more urs, more revenue, more investment, but most importantly, it gives the entrepreneurs a chance to collect a huge amount of data which becomes rocket fuel for the AI engine. So as a result, the Chine AI companies have leaped ahead so that today, the most valuable companies in computer vision, speech recognition, speech synthesis, machine translation and drones are all Chine companies.
⽐如说，如果你们其中⼏个去到中国，你将会看到它⼏乎是⽆现⾦及⽆信⽤卡，因为我们常常讨论的事物，移动⽀付，在中国已成为了现实。在过去的⼀年， 18.8万亿美⾦是通过移动⽹络来交易，⽽这归功于在其⾝后被建设的强劲科技。它⽐中国的国内⽣产总值还更⾼。⽽此技术，你可以说，它如何能⽐国内⽣产总值还更⾼？这是因为它包括了所有的交易：批发、频道、零售、⽹上、离线，如此般进⼊购物商场或是农贸市场。这项技术被7亿⼈⽤来互相⽀付，不仅仅局限于商家，所以它是点对点的，⽽它⼏乎是⽆⼿续费的。它是即时的，并在每个地点被采⽤。⽽最终，中国市场⼗分巨⼤。此市
场巨⼤，这给了企业家更多⽤户、更⾼的收⼊、更多投资，但最重要的，它给了企业家⼀个收集⼤量数据的机会这成为了⼈⼯智能引擎的燃料。结果，中国⼈⼯智能公司已往前飞跃，所以如今，在机械视
⼀个收集⼤量数据的机会这成为了⼈⼯智能引擎的燃料。结果，中国⼈⼯智能公司已往前飞跃，所以如今，在机械视觉、语⾔识别、语⾔合成、机械翻译和⽆⼈机领域中最具价值的公司都是中国公司。所以有着由美国带领的发现时代以及由中国带领的实践时代，我们⽬前⾝处于的时代是两个超级⼤国的双联引擎正⼀同合作来驱动我们⼈类从未见识过最迅速的科技⾰命。
So with the US leading the era of discovery and China leading the era of implementation, we are now in an amazing age where the dual engine of the two superpowers are working together to drive the fastest revolution in technology that we have ever en as humans. And this will bring tremendous wealth, unprecedented wealth: 16 trillion dollars, according to PwC, in terms of added GDP to the worldwide GDP by 2030. It will also bring immen challenges in terms of potential job replacements. Whereas in the Industrial Age it created more jobs becau craftsman jobs were being decompod into jobs in the asmbly line, so more jobs were created. But AI completely replaces the individual jobs in the asmbly line with robots. And it's not just in factories, but truckers, drivers and even jobs like telesales, customer rvice and hematologists as well as radiolo
gists over the next 15 years are going to be gradually replaced by artificial intelligence. And only the creative jobs --
这将会带来极⼤的财富、空前的财富：据普华永道称，16万亿美⾦，在2030年，为附加⾄全球国内⽣产总值的国内⽣产总值。它也将带来巨⼤的挑战，在潜在⼯作更替⽅⾯。⽽在⼯业时期，它创造了更多⼯作因为⼯匠的⼯作被分解成⽣产线中的各式⼯作，所以创造了更多⼯作。但是⼈⼯智能⽤机械⼈将⽣产线中的独⽴⼯作给替代了。⽽这不只是在⼯⼚内，⽽货车司机、驾驶员甚⾄于像是电话销售、客服、⾎液学家和放射学家的⼯作，在未来的15年内都将会慢慢地被⼈⼯智能所替代。⽽只有具创造⼒的⼯作--
I have to make mylf safe, right? Really, the creative jobs are the ones that are protected, becau AI can optimize but not create.
我必须保护我⾃⼰，对吧？真的，具创造⼒的⼯作是被保护的那群，因为⼈⼯智能可以优化但不能创造。
But what's more rious than the loss of jobs is the loss of meaning, becau the work ethic in the Industrial Age has brainwashed us into thinking that work is the reason we exist, that work defined the meaning of our lives. And I was a prime and willing victim to that type of workaholic thinking. I wo
rked incredibly hard. That's why I almost left my wife in the delivery room, that's why I worked 996 alongside my entrepreneurs. And that obssion that I had with work ended abruptly a few years ago when I was diagnod with fourth stage lymphoma. The PET scan here shows over 20 malignant tumors jumping out like fireballs, melting away my ambition. But more importantly, it helped me reexamine my life. Knowing that I may only have a few months to live caud me to e how foolish it was for me to ba my entire lf-worth on how hard I worked and the accomplishments from hard work. My priorities were completely out of order. I neglected my family. My father had pasd away, and I never had a chance to tell him I loved him. My mother had dementia and no longer recognized me, and my children had grown up.
但⽐失去⼯作更严重的是失去意义，因为在⼯业时期的⼯作伦理将我们洗脑并灌输⼯作是我们存在的原因，⼯作定义了我们⽣活的意义。⽽我就是个典型并⾃愿接受那种⼯作狂思想的受害者。我⾮常努⼒地⼯作。那就是为什么我⼏乎将我的妻⼦独⾃留在产房内，那就是为什么我996地与企业家们⼯作。⽽我对⼯作的痴迷在⼏年前当我被诊断患上了第四期淋巴瘤时突然地结束了。这个正⼦断层扫描显⽰超过20个恶性肿瘤向⽕球那样地跳了出来，令我的夙愿逐渐地消失。但更重要的是，它帮助我重新审视我的⽣活。知道我可能只剩下⼏个⽉的⽣命令我看清将⾃⼰所有的⾃尊建⽴在⼯作艰⾟程度以及努⼒⼯作的成就上是有多么的愚蠢。我的优先事项乱套了。我忽略了我的家庭。我⽗亲过世了，⽽我从来没有机会告诉他我爱他。我母亲患上了痴呆症并从此认不出我了，⽽我的孩⼦们已经长⼤了。
During my chemotherapy, I read a book by Bronnie Ware who talked about dying wishes and regrets of the people in the deathbed. She found that facing death, nobody regretted that they didn't work hard enough in this life. They only regretted that they didn't spend enough time with their loved ones and that they didn't spread their love.
在我化疗的过程中，我读了布朗妮·维尔的⼀本书述说了⼈们临终前的各种临终⼼愿以及遗憾。她发现⾯对死亡时，没有⼈为⾃⼰在⽣命中⼯作得不够努⼒⽽感到惋惜。他们只后悔⾃⼰没有花⾜够的时间与爱的⼈相处并且没有传递⾃⼰的爱。
So I am fortunately today in remission.
我今天很幸运地处于缓解期中。
我今天很幸运地处于缓解期中。
So I can be back at TED again to share with you that I have changed my ways. I now only work 965 -- occasionally 996, but usually 965. I moved clor to my mother, my wife usually travels with me, and when my kids have vacation, if they don't come home, I go to them. So it's a new form of life that helped me recognize how important it is that love is for me, and facing death helped me change my l
ife, but it also helped me e a new way of how AI should impact mankind and work and coexist with mankind, that really, AI is taking away a lot of routine jobs, but routine jobs are not what we're about.
所以我可以回到TED 与你们分享我已经改变了我的⽅法。我如今965地⼯作-- 偶尔996，但通常965。我搬迁⾄母亲附近，我妻⼦通常与我⼀同旅⾏，当我的孩⼦们有假期时，若他们不回家，我将到他们那⼉去。这新的⽣活⽅式帮助我认清爱对我来说是多么的重要，⽽⾯对死亡帮助我改变⾃⼰的⽣活，但它同时也帮助我⽤新的⽅式来看待⼈⼯智能该如何影响⼈类并⼯作以及与⼈类并存，确实，⼈⼯智能带⾛了很多规律性⼯作，但这些规律性⼯作不代表着我们。
Why we exist is love. When we hold our newborn baby, love at first sight, or when we help someone in need, humans are uniquely able to give and receive love, and that's what differentiates us from AI.
我们存在的原因是爱。当我们抱着我们的新⽣⼉时，⼀见钟情，或当我们帮助有需要的⼈时，⼈类很独特地能够给予并接收爱，这就是将我们与⼈⼯智能区分开来的事情。
Despite what science fiction may portray, I can responsibly tell you that AI has no love. When AlphaGo defeated the world champion Ke Jie, while Ke Jie was crying and loving the game of go, AlphaGo felt no happiness from winning and certainly no desire to hug a loved one.
不管任何科幻有可能描述的东西，我能很负责任地告诉你⼈⼯智能没有爱。当阿法围棋打败了世界冠军柯洁时，当柯洁哭泣并爱着围棋时，阿法围棋没有从胜利中感受到开⼼的滋味当然没有拥抱爱的⼈的渴望。
So how do we differentiate ourlves as humans in the age of AI? We talked about the axis of creativity, and certainly that is one possibility, and now we introduce a new axis that we can call compassion, love, or empathy. Tho are things that AI cannot do. So as AI takes away the routine jobs, I like to think we can, we should and we must create jobs of compassion. You might ask how many of tho there are, but I would ask you: Do you not think that we are going to need a lot of social workers to help us make this transition? Do you not think we need a lot of compassionate caregivers to give more medical care to more people? Do you not think we're going to need 10 times more teachers to help our children find their way to survive and thrive in this brave new world? And with all the newfound wealth, should we not also make labors of love into careers and let elderly accompaniment or homeschooling become careers also?那我们该如何在⼈⼯智能时代中将我们为⼈们与其区分开来？我们说到了创造性的轴，当然那是其中⼀个可能性，⽽如今我们介绍⼀个称为同情、爱或同感的新轴。那些都是⼈⼯智能不能做的事情。当⼈⼯智能带⾛规律性⼯作的同时，我想我们可以、应该以及必须创造同情性⼯作。你或许会问那种⼯作到底有多少？但我想问问你：你不认为
我们将需要许多社会福利⼯作者来帮助我们完成这段过渡期吗？你不认为我们需要许多富有同情⼼的看护来为更多⼈提供更多医疗看护吗？你不认为我们将需要多10倍的⽼师来帮助我们的孩⼦们来帮助他们找寻⾃⼰在这个新世界中⽣存和成长的⽅法吗？有着这些新获得的财富，我们不应该将爱的劳⼯变成⼯作的⼀种以及将⽼⼈伴随或在家教育变成⼯作的⼀种吗？
This graph is surely not perfect, but it points at four ways that we can work with AI. AI will come and take away the routine jobs and in due time, we will be thankful. AI will become great tools for the creatives so that scientists, artists, musicians and writers can be even more creative. AI will work with humans as analytical tools that humans can wrap their warmth around for the high-compassion jobs. And we can always differentiate ourlves with the uniquely capable jobs that are both compassionate and creative, using and leveraging our irreplaceable brains and hearts. So there you have it: a blueprint of coexistence for humans and AI.
这个图表当然不是完美的，但它指出了四种我们能与⼈⼯智能⼀同合作的⽅法。⼈⼯智能将带来并带⾛规律性⼯作，同时，我们将感到欣慰。⼈⼯智能将成为创造者很好的⼯具所以科学家、艺术家、⾳乐家和作家能够变得更有创造⼒。⼈⼯智能将以分析⼯具的⽅式与⼈们⼯作，所以⼈们可以将他们的温暖倾注于⾼同情性的⼯作。我们可以⽤具独特能⼒并同时是具同情⼼和创造⼒的⼯作将⾃⼰区分开来，运⽤并影响我们不可取代的头脑和内⼼。所以你可以看到：⼈类与⼈⼯智能共存的蓝图。⼈⼯智
能是凑巧的。它的到来是将我们从规律性⼯作中解放出来，它的到来也是提醒我们是什么使我们成为⼈们。所以让我们选择欣然接受⼈⼯智能并彼此相爱。谢谢。
