商务英语的特征与翻译技巧（英⽂）
Abstract: Business English has obvious professional features, in the translation, you should pay attention to the u of certain techniques to ensure the accuracy of the translation. Firstly, the overall characteristics of business English, as well as the specific characteristics of the words, phras, ntences have been analyzed parately, then business English translation skills elaborated.
Keywords: Business English; features; translation skills
Contents
Introduction (2)
1. Business English translation in the cour of the problems (2)
1.1 "penetration." (3)
1.2 "revealing." (3)
1.3 "infiltration" and "revealing." (3)
2The characteristics of Business English (4)
2.2Integrated features (4)
2.2Lexical features (6)
2.3 The phra Features (7)
2.4 the ntence Features (7)
3 Business English translation skills (8)
3.1The words and phras translation skills (8)
3.2 The ntence translation skills (9)
Conclusion (10)
References (11)
Introduction
With the deepening world economic integration and expansion of international business activities have become increasingly frequent, English as a common language in the world, in international business activities also play a pivotal role. Business English is mainly ud for international trade and marketing and other business activities in a particular body of the English language. Business English is a branch of ESP, compared with ordinary English, but there is no esntial difference in Business English with a specific "business characteristics." It is in terms of lexical, syntactic, stylistic and others have their own characteristics, and often involves many different business areas.
Business English for international marketing and trading activities t up a specialized body of the English language, compared with ordinary English, Business English, though not a difference in the nature, but there are some of its features, since English is suitable for business a genre of foreign economic trade, international investment, technology transfer and international business negotiations and other business areas, which has a highly practical and purpoful, with its own cultural characteristics, colors and stylistic features and other aspects of language Features.
1. Business English translation in the cour of the problems
International Business English translation is a rious work of stakeholders, can not understand the
point of language competence. Business English translation involves a wide range of disciplines and more terminology and more, ranging from slightly inattentive absurd, laughable, while causing huge economic loss, the conquences could be disastrous. For starters, we can translate the process into two phas, namely: "infiltration" and "revealing", in other words, understanding and expression. A good translator should be able to do "was infiltrated into" and "get through it."
1.1 "penetration."
"Infiltrate" specifically refers to the translator thorough understanding of the original, this step is the basis for the translation.
Failure of translation, or that the wrong translation, the translator is often not really "got" the original. Generally, when the translator Translation "get in" the situation more than the Chine to English. Sometimes this is
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becau the translator did not understand English or the original, and to the Chine-speaking Chine people understand the Chine generally not a problem. So, to really "infiltrate" the translat
or must have strong English language skills and relevant professional background knowledge, and well-known English and Chine language and culture, otherwi the translator can not really "penetrate", so "revealing" is bound to regret.
1.2 "revealing."
In the process of translation, "Go" is not so easy, as "out" is not easy. There translation practice often have such experience: their true "entry" of the original text, which fully understand the original text, but "out" does not come, that is limited to controlling the target language knowledge and ability, hard-presd to find the exact words to express the meaning of the original.
1.3 "infiltration" and "revealing."
"Infiltration" and "revealing" is a pair of opposites, the "infiltration" only "revealing", "infiltrated" the purpo is to better "revealing." "Revealing" is the "infiltration" results only "penetrate" no "revealing", "infiltrated" lost purpo and meaning. The translation process is continuous and properly solve various problems in two different languages mutually inconsistent process. Indeed the ca, the translator continuously discover and solve problems. Translator trying to "infiltrate" No matter what the problem encountered in the "infiltration" in the process, have to solve the problem, "got to go." Aft
er the "dig", such as the successful "out" Nature is
good, but if the obstacles, the translator must remove obstacles, solve problems, and then "come out." But sometimes it does becau of various reasons, especially in cultural reasons, the translator is difficult to be completely "out." "Get out" usually means a translator to understand the text, but in the target language word is not lected in the original language or peer peer language does not exist in the target language. Also, here's "get out" Unlike previously talked about "get out." "Get out" means here is that the translator to understand the original text, but stick to the original framework, not understanding the meaning of the original expression of the target language with bold clost peer language on the basis of the original. As a result, translated ntence is not very fluent, not authentic target language. "Get in" but "get out" of the cond ca, the translator to understand the text, but the text content in a unique exotic peer can not find words in the target language, so "not out come. " Here the "get out" is not the translator's incompetence, but cultural barriers (cultural obstruction) caud. Language is the carrier of cultural information, cultural information carried symbolic language is a huge symbolic system. Although there are various ethnic and cultural similarities, but this is relatively common, but the differences between different cultures is esntial. In the process of translation, transmission of cultural information is relative, cultural information transl
atability limit is absolute. Cultural barriers exist forever in the translation process. Recognizing this, the translator if cultural barriers encountered in the translation process, it should calmly deal with this obstacle, through a variety of effective means to make more or less exotic cultural information is transmitted to the target language to go.
2The characteristics of Business English
2.2Integrated features
1)professional
Business English becau it is a genre for this specialized field of international business and the formation of, and thus has a strong professional, including a large
number of professional terminology. Eg, chamber of commerce (Chamber of Commerce), credit standing (credit status), are highly professional features and specific meaning, only the professional staff before regular u, and truly understand its inherent meaning. In addition, professional and also includes some common English words in common areas after entering business English, will have a richer meaning of professionalism. Such as the "line" of the term, in ordinary English, we generally u
nderstood as "team, ranks" or "rope" and other means, and in Business English, having been given the professional characteristics, generally translated as "industry" or reprent certain goods.
2)formal nature
As the general business English for more formal occasions, and therefore not easy to u the more colloquial words or ntences, especially for some of the commercial agreement negotiations and business documents, etc., in the language, in general very riously and has very strict requirements and the u of specific words norm, sometimes to express the importance of documents or respect for the other side of the negotiations, but also the u of some of the more uncommon words or ntences, to highlight clerical formality. For example, in the choice of words, saying that "on" time, usually u "concerning", "as regards" instead of the common, more colloquial term "about", "on" and so on.
3)rigor
A business language features and formal rigor is of the same strain, due to the u of the occasion, and objects such as reasons to express great emphasis on the wording of rigor and careful overall terms, requiring language well organized, easy to understand avoid the u of some images of voca
bulary, as well as the rich emotional vocabulary, making the overall style of language appear misplaced. Such as "hope", "wish to" require the u of such a term generally more positive "confirm" such as substitution, has adopted a firm tone, suggesting that a rigorous approach to business activities.
2.2Lexical features
1) a high frequency of u acronyms
Business parlance for some professional terms, generally do not need to u spelling style expressions, and u only the form of shrinking spell that does not cau confusion. Such as, a / cs pay. (Accounts payable, accounts payable), b / c (bills for collection, collection bills), bhc (bank holding company, a bank holding company), etc., in business activities simply by Jianpin can be.
2)and the u of foreign words in the ancient words
Foreign words from the French and Latin words in general, such as the terms (terms, conditions), suit (sue, sue), claim (right) and other words from the French word; and tare decisis (stare decisis), bona fide activity (charity ) comes from the Latin words. On the u of ancient words, generally "here
", "there" as the root compod mainly synthetic adverbs, such as "heyeof (thus)", "hereby (below)" and so on.
3)the higher the chance of modal verbs
Modal verbs, some tone affirmative words often ud in business English, and fully reflects the riousness of business activities, the rigor of characteristics, such as the frequency of "should", "must" and other words tend to be higher, a clear indication of Business Activities directivity avoid messy phenomenon.
4)The term refers unambiguously
To ensure business documents such as rigor in business activities, the u of pronouns tend to be more cautious, less typically u ratios, even if there is, it usually refers to a n of the overall business activities of basic expressions no effect.
5)the fast development of new words
Business English vocabulary system is not clod, but with changes in the economic development, as well as new business needs, at any time inrtion of some new words, in order to continuously im
prove the overall business English vocabulary system. For example, with the widespread adoption of computerized accounting knowledge, there has been such as accounting computerization (Accounting) and
other new words.
2.3 The phra Features
1)the high number of noun phras
Business English phra u, frequency of u of the verb phra significantly lower than noun phras, verb phras and even some in the u of direct conversion to noun phras. Such as noun phra "a good line of hardware" and the like, as well as "provision of the rvices" substitute "provision rvices" such as verb phras into
a noun phra is applied to the phenomenon of the ntence.
2)specifically the u of phras
Business English often u specialized words to indicate the meaning of the convention, such as "copetence strategy (competitive strategy)", "for and on behalf of (on behalf of someone)" and so on.
3)The u of the phra substitution clau
Given the characteristics of Business English easier to understand in the statement required in a specific ntence, as to avoid long complex ntences, generally considered to replace the clau with the phra to make the ntence as simple as possible to better understand the meaning of the ntence.
2.4 the ntence Features
U in a ntence, the general emphasis on the integrity of business English, rarely omitted to avoid ntence meaning vague, ambiguous. Meanwhile, the general u of the active voice, and commonly prent ten, while rarely ud in the future; generally ud to direct expression, rarely indirect expression, especially in some roundabout way of expression implicit in Business English ntences are rare. For example, the ntence "this enterpri will not employ theperson who is more than 60 years old", it is very conci. In addition, the u of statements expressing general tone, especially in the business contract, a statement highlights the formal tone and riousness; the ntence is Long Short Sentence coexist, although some long
ntence structure is more complex, but in the overall ntence meaning On still losing rigor, clarity.
3 Business English translation skills
Business English translation, you should first fully understand the characteristics of business English and master the basic professional terminology, should also understand and be familiar with the cultural background of business English belongs, and language usage under such a cultural background, and through translation before and after comparison of two different cultural backgrounds, using the most preci words, phras and ntences, such as the Business English reflect over the meaning of the conversion. In particular translation, should have the following skills:
3.1The words and phras translation skills
1)abbreviations and specialized vocabulary (phras) should regulate the u of
In translation, for abbreviations and specialized vocabulary (phras) should be paid special attention, especially for large vocabulary of business documents, etc. If the same abbreviated words or specialized vocabulary (phras) in commercial documents and other sports appear in front The frequency is higher, we must ensure the consistency of translation around and avoid the front and back of the vocabulary is not uniform, causing commercial misunderstanding. Becau in Business English translation, this is inevitable due to cultural differences there are some deviations, or as a re
sult of the translated text is more Ku, difficult to understand, if the substitution phenomenon occurs in the same words, it can easily lead to business misunderstanding, especially /doc/fe3669141.html
for some of the commercial negotiations, it may be due to the difference between a word, the results differ miles.
2)the word (phra) should be rigorous and preci u
Words (phra) the u, to ensure simple and easy to understand, bad on the same time we must ensure the accuracy and rigor of terms, such as acronyms, like
mentioned above, as well as in professional terms (phra) to u the should be avoided becau of the randomness or inaccurate words (phra) on the u, for commercial activities adverly affected.
3)using the conversion translation
In translation, in order to ensure a more understandable mantics, should make the appropriate adjustments and conversion on the part of speech according to the words (phra) of usage scenari
os, in order to ensure that the translated ntence can be more adapted to English usage. As in "we realize the need that some ctors must to industrialize (We recognize that some departments need to implement industrialization)" This ntence, the word "need", he transformed from a noun in the English ntence for Chine verbs "need."
4)using addition and subtraction word translation
In translation, the translated ntence should be bad on the need to add some appropriate words, to maintain the integrity of the ntence. Add words to ensure that does not change the mantics of the original, and lects the most accurate words, try to make the addition and subtraction word ntence meaning after optimization.
3.2 The ntence translation skills
1)Conversion of Translation
Business English is a courtesy of a strong stylistic characteristics, therefore, the u of language, and sometimes contain more tactful colors to express the general u of passive ntences, when translated into English, it should be noted as the ca may be passive ntences into active ntenc
es, so that the translated ntence is more in line with Chine grammar habits and habits of expression. For example, the ntence "the wares should be transport by a (cargo should be transported by a)", if directly translated into "maritime cargo transport should be" and other ntences, the translation will appear ironic outcome.
2)anti-translation
Chine and English expression ud to exist on a different, longer ntences in
English in general will be the most important part of the ntence to the front, while the Chine are accustomed to every level to promote the most important means placed at the end of the ntence, in When translated, should be fully aware of this, try to make long ntences translated long ntences in line with the Chine habit of expression through the u of a certain word association, highlighting key part of the meaning of the ntence, and to ensure consistency before and after the translation of the meaning.
Conclusion
English for Specific Purpos Business English is the international business activities of this particul
ar rvice professional disciplines. Involved in a wide range of professional and has a unique linguistic phenomenon and expressive content stylistic complexity. Business English translation requirements translator has a wealth of knowledge of business theory and business practice, in order to improve the quality of translation. Translation itlf must have certain conditions.
First, the translator of Chine skills better. A lot of people tend to ignore it, think Chine is their mother tongue, with their original foundation cope translation problem, is more than enough. However, in the real translation process. For a word or a ntence. Wrestling for a long time are not given a satisfactory result. Sometimes finally figured it out also feel less than ideal. Thus, the Chine language skills and the ability to understand the size of the Chine directly affect the quality of the translation. Work hard to learn Chine. Lay the foundation for the Chine translation is very important.
Second. English language ability is stronger. Comprehensive knowledge of grammar and lots of vocabulary indispensable. If only a lot of vocabulary without good knowledge of English grammar. Understanding the process of translation the translator must be full of mistakes. And irrelevant. So we want to improve the accuracy of accuracy in the English translation of the English ntence comprehension and expression in English translation in English.
Third. To a wide range of knowledge. Business English translation to be good to do this, we must grasp the business theory and business practice, such as theoretical knowledge and practical experience in trade. Meanwhile translator also has a wealth of encyclopedic knowledge of astronomy, geography, ancient and modern is not that familiar with, but also to understand some of the basics. No certain knowledge, language skills translator even be higher. Is unable to do the translation work.
In summary, business English translation to achieve both faithful to the original but also correct fluent, not only deep experti and a solid grounding in grammar, but also the need for the international trade-related terms have a more comprehensive understanding. At the same time, but also to grasp the basic principles and techniques of business English translation. In the translation process and avoid too literally, ignoring details of the deal. Only effective combination of the two skills to find handy in business English translation. Foreign Economic and Trade in constant development, business English also need to constantly enrich and develop; only constantly learning new knowledge, accumulated experience, broaden their knowledge in order to make business English translation to really become standardized realm.
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