张汉熙《⾼级英语（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语+课⽂精解+全⽂翻译+练习答案】（Lesson
Lesson 5 The Libido for the Ugly
⼀、词汇短语
1. libido n. the psychic and emotional energy associated with
instinctual biological drives欲望
2. desolation n. the state of being abandoned or
forsaken; loneliness荒芜，荒废，荒凉：He found the old hou in complete
desolation.他发现那间旧房⼦⼗分荒凉。
3. lucrative adj. producing wealth; profitable获利的，赚钱的：
a lucrative marketing strategy⼀套赢利的市场策略
4. hideous adj. repulsive, especially to the sight; revoltingly ugly令
⼈讨厌的，难看的，丑陋的：They're not like dogs; they're hideous brutes.它
们不像狗，它们是丑陋的畜牲。
5. forlorn adj. wretched or pitiful in appearance or condition可怜
的，悲惨的；凄凉的：forlorn roadside shacks凄凉的路边栅屋
6. macabre adj. suggesting the horror of death and decay;
gruesome恐怖的，令⼈⽑⾻悚然的：macabre tales of war and plague战争
和瘟疫的恐怖景象
7. computation n. the act or process of computing计算
8. abominable adj. unequivocally detestable; loathsome讨厌
的，令⼈憎恶的：Murder is the most abominable crime.凶杀是最可恶的
犯罪。
9. alley n. a narrow street or passageway between or behind city
buildings⼩巷，胡同：We live in the same alley.我们住在同⼀条⼩巷⾥。10. filth n. foul or dirty matter, garbage污物，污秽；垃圾：Go and wash that
filth off your hands.去把你⼿上的脏东西洗掉。
11. allude vi. to make an indirect reference暗指，暗⽰；提到：He
didn’t mention your name but I was sure he was alluding to you.他没提你
的名字，但是我确信他是暗指你的。其常⽤搭配为：allude to提到，暗指……说的。
12. monstrousness n. strange shapes奇形怪状
13. lacerate vt. to rip, cut, or tear划破、割，撕裂：The barbed wire
had lacerated her arm.铁丝⽹刮破了她的⼿臂。
14. pretentious adj. extravagant outward show; ostentatious
⾃命不凡的，⾃负的：a pretentious manner妄⾃尊⼤
15. downright adv. thoroughly; absolutely彻底地，完全地，真
正地：a downright lie彻头彻尾的谎话
16. linger vi. to be slow in leaving, especially out of reluctance; tarry
逗留，徘徊：linger over one’s work磨洋⼯。其常⽤搭配为：linger on（⼈）
苟延残喘；（习俗）历久犹存
17. dormer n. a window built into a roof, so that it sticks out from the
roof屋顶窗，天窗
18. dormer window n. (also a dormer) a window
built upright in the slope of a roof屋顶窗，天窗
19. rat-trap n. a device for trapping rats捕⿏夹
20. misshapen adj. badly shaped; deformed奇形怪状的，畸形的
21. uncomely adj. having unpleasant appearance不美观的，不好看的
22. grime n. a lot of dirt污垢，灰垢：His face and hands were covered
with grime from the coal dust.他的脸和双⼿沾满了⼀层煤灰。
23. gully n. a small narrow valley, usually formed by a lot of rain flowing
down the side of a hill隘⾕，冲沟
24. chalet n. a hou with a steep sloping roof, common in places
with high mountains and snow such as Switzerland瑞⼠的⽊造⼩舍，⼭上
⽊屋
25. highpitched adj. steep in slope said of roofs（屋顶）坡度陡的
26. dingy adj. darkened with smoke and grime; dirty or discolored
邋遢的，不⼲净的，不明亮的：we got married, rather unromantically, in a dingy office in the town hall.我们在市政厅的⼀间邋遢的办公室⾥结婚了，⼀
点也不浪漫。
27. clapboard n. a t of boards ud to cover the outside of a
building, or one of the boards墙板，隔板
28. preposterous adj. contrary to nature, reason, or
common n; absurd荒谬的：What a preposterous idea!多么荒谬的
想法！
29. pier n. a pillar, rectangular in cross ction, supporting an arch or roof ⽀柱
30. cemetery n. a place for burying the dead; a graveyard墓地，坟地
31. swinish adj. of or like a swine; beastly; piggish; coar（猪）
似的；鄙贱的；粗俗的
32. perpendicular adj. being at right angles to the
horizontal; vertical垂直的：The plumbline is always perpendicular
to the horizontal plane.铅垂线总是垂直于⽔平⾯的。
33. precarious adj. dangerously lacking in curity or
stability不稳当的，不安全的：a precarious posture不安全的姿势
34. eczematous adj. of itching skin dia湿疹的
35. patina n. a greenish layer that forms naturally on the surface of
copper or bronze（青铜器上的）铜绿，绿锈
36. uremic adj. of or relating to uremia尿毒症的
37. loathsome adj. arousing loathing; abhorrent可恶的，讨厌的，
令⼈作呕的：I should think it an extremely loathsome profession.我看那
是个极其讨厌的职业。
38. laborious adj. marked by or requiring long, hard work艰
⾟的，费⼒的：They spent many laborious hours on the project.这项⼯
程耗费了他们长期的艰⾟劳动。
39. incessant adj. continuing without interruption⽆尽的，不停的，
不断的：a week of incessant rains连续下了⼀个星期⾬
40. decompo vt. to parate into components or basic
elements; rot分解，腐烂：Bacteria can decompo organic matter.细
菌能使有机物腐烂。其形容词为decomposable（可分解的）。
41. forsake vt. a). to leave; abandon遗弃，抛弃：He has forsaken his wife and children.
他遗弃了他的妻⼦和孩⼦。b). to give up (something formerly held dear);
renounce放弃（思想、习惯等），⾰除：You must forsake your bad habits.
你必须⾰除你的坏习惯。
42. malarious] adj. of fever conveyed by mosquitoes疟疾的，有瘴⽓的
43. hamlet n. a very small village⼩村庄
44. huddle vi. a denly packed group or crowd群集，聚集：huddle
together for warmth挤成⼀团取暖
45. titanic adj. having great stature or enormous strength;
huge or colossal巨⼤的：titanic creatures of the deep深渊中的巨形怪物46. aberrant adj. deviating from what is normal; untrue to type
异常的，不正常的：aberrant behavior异常⾏为
47. uncompromising adj. unwilling to grant
concessions or negotiate; inflexible不屈的，不妥协的，坚定不移的：
take an uncompromising stance采取决不妥协的姿态
48. inimical adj. injurious or harmful in effect; adver;
Unfriendly; hostile敌意的，不友好的：nations inimical to one another
互相敌视的国家
49. ingenuity n. inventive skill or imagination;
cleverness机灵，独创性：The boy showed ingenuity in making toys.那
男孩在制作玩具⽅⾯有独创性。
50. grotesquery] n. (or grotesquery) the state of being grotesque; grotesqueness奇特，怪诞
51. retrospect n. a review, survey, or contemplation of
things in the past回顾，回想：It was, in retrospect, the happiest day of
her life.回想起来，那是她⼀⽣最幸福的⽇⼦。
52. diabolical adj. of, concerning, or characteristic of the
devil; satanic恶魔的，凶残的：He interrupted, with an almost diabolical
sneer on his face.他插嘴，脸上带着⼏乎是恶魔似的讥笑。
53. concoct vt. to devi, using skill and intelligence; contrive策
划，谋划；编造：concoct a mystery story编造⼀个神话故事
54. innsate adj. lacking nsation or awareness; inanimate ⽆感觉的，⽆知觉的
55. brute n. an animal or a beast; a person who is brutal or stupid,
gross, nsual畜⽣；笨蛋，粗⼈
