阅读理解作者意图题
山东 孙玉忠
[庖丁解牛]
阅读理解题目中的作者意图题目可以包括意图、态度、目的题目， 在考试中出现的比率很大。不同的文章可能有不同的写作意图,但写作意图通常有以下三种：1）to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑） 2) to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点）3) to inform readers（告知读者某些信息）
根据文体类别推断写作目的这就要求我们了解在历年高考阅读题中，不同文体与三种写作意图类型的大致对应关系，这有助于做好此类试题。第一种写作意图（to entertain readers）常见于故事类的文章。第二种写作意图（to persuade readers，to ll a product or a rvice），或是要通过对旅游景点﹑报刊杂志﹑影片﹑电视节目等的介绍来达到他的写作目的：吸引更多的游客﹑读者或订户﹑观众等（to attract more visitors / readers / audience）。第三种写作意图（to inform readers）多见于科普类﹑新闻报道类﹑文化类或
社会类的文章，了解这类文章的写作目的有赖于对文章主题的正确把握，阅读时有必要找准文章的主题句，或较好地对主题加以归纳。
Example (1 )
When a group of children politely stop a conversation with you, saying：“We have to go to work now”，you will be left feeling surprid and certainly uneasy. After all, this is the 2010s and the idea of children working is just unthinkable. That is, until you are told that they are all pupils of stage schools, and that the “work” they go off to is to go on the stage in a theatre.
Stage schools often act as agencies（代理机构）to supply children for stage and television work. More worthy of the name “stage school” are tho few places where children attend full time, with a training for the theatre and a general education.
Question:
In the writer’s opinion, a good stage school should ___________.
A. produce star performers
B. help pupils improve their study skills
C. train pupils in language and performing arts
D. provide a general education and stage training
Analyze：D 由文章第二段第二句“stage school” are places ... with a training for the theatre and a general education.”可知作者的对于stage school的态度是D项。
Example (2 )
Inventor, physicist, surveyor, astronomer, biologist, artist … . Robert Hooke was all the and more. Some say he was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century. In the cour of his work, he cooperated with famous men of science like Isaac Newton, and the great architect, Christopher Wren.
Hooke made valuable contributions to astronomy too. A crater (坑) on the moon is nam
ed after him in appreciation of his rvices to this branch of science.
Question:
The two paragraphs is to prove that ____.
A. Hooke was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century
B. Hooke was good at making discoveries
C. Hooke’s contributions were not limited to one filed
D. Hooke was one of the greatest astronomers
Analyze： C。通过这两段的说明，我们可以看出Robert Hooke是一个多面手，尤其第二段通过Hooke made valuable contributions to astronomy too.更加突出了Hooke在诸多方面的成就，以同第一段呼应。
[小试牛刀]
I. 段落练习
Exerci 1
Do you enjoy reading? Do you read newspapers or magazines? Chances are, if you do any of the activities, your pre-school child is on his way to becoming a reader.
The process of teaming to read is complex, and one of the most important things to know is that parents can help their children learn to read. As children have conversations with adults, they hear both new and familiar words and their vocabulary grows.
The more children get connected with talking, listening, reading and writing, the easier it is for them to become active readers. While you as a parent have a big influence on the early behaviors, it is important to remember that opportunities for literacy experiences happen when you
and your child share in the basic routines of everyday life.
Question :
The passage is written to__________
A. talk about parents' influence on their children' s behavior
B. encourage parents to t a good example to their children
C. advi parents to make reading a part of their children' s daily life
D. make parents believe in the importance of early reading
Exerci 2
A computer virus is a program or piece of code that is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge and runs against your wishes. All computer virus are manmade. Here are some virus prevention tips.
Question :
This passage mainly tells us_____________. .
A. What a computer virus is
B. how to u e-mail safely
C. how to u computers safely
D. how to prevent computer virus
Exerci 3
Doctors in Britain are warning of an obesity time bomb, when children who are already overweight grow up. So, what should we do? Exerci more? Eat less? Or both? The government feels it has to take responsibility for this expanding problem.
The cheerful Mr. Pickwick, the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens, is en in explaining as someone who is plump - and happy. In 18th century paintings beauty is equated with rounded bodies and soft curves（曲线）. But nowadays being overweight is en as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an incread risk of heart dia and diabetes（糖尿病）.
Question :
