2022北京海淀高三一模
英语
2022. 03 本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was about to sleep when someone knocked on my window. Knock, knock. Then a three-cond
pau. Knock, knock. Immediately I knew it was my best friend, Ben. The knock 1 was our emergency call which never means anything good.
“What's going on?” I rushed to open the window and asked.
Ben climbed in. "Bad news." He gave me a 2 look, and I immediately knew what it was. My
heart 3 .I gave him a nod, and he sighed in respon.
“Where to?” I asked.
“Virginia”.
“That's far from Florida.”
We looked at each other knowing we were thinking the same. Both Ben and I had parents in the air-force. We were ud to frequent moves.
Ben and I became clo friends since I crashed into Ben’s stand and nt plastic cups of lemonade
flying into the heavens. At first, I 4 Florida. Everything changed, though, when I 5 rollerskated into Ben's lemonade stand.
“It must have been fate!" we claimed. But I think that, maybe, there was some 6 in that lemonade, and that as it rained down on us, it cast a spell making us friends forever.
"Maybe your family will get moved to Virginia too." Ben said.
“Yeah, maybe.” I knew the chance was low, but I cho to hope.
Ben grinned at me. Though it looked sad, I saw 7 in him too.
I'll have a lemonade stand 8 for you.，，
“Then I'll pack my roller-skates.”
“Then I'll wear a poncho (雨披)”
We 9 . The humid Florida night clod around us, and I felt a tiny drop of liquid splash on my arm. I knew it was probably rain, but still, I thought that, maybe, it was a drop of magic lemonade, becau nothing on earth can break the 10 between us.
1.A. sound B. pattern C , number D ・ symbol
2.A. playful B. grateful C. cheerful D. meaningful
3.A. failed B. softened C. sank D relieved
4.A. hated B. misd C. explored D appreciated
5A gradually B. narrowly C. constantly D. accidentally
6.A. sign B. magic C. flavour D. wish
7.A. hope B. joy C. courage D. support
8.A. necessary B. convenient C. ready D. uful
9.A. struggled B. argued C. laughed D. compromid
10.A. rule B. bond C. barrier D. balance
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
Xu Mengtao, the flag-bearer for the Chine delegation at the closing ceremony of 2022 Winter
Olympics, has got multiple world championships. But her road 11 glory was not smooth, since it was accompanied by many injuries.It was her passion for sports, her persistence and determination that helped her continue and she finally 12 (win) the gold medal at her fourth Olympics. Her success goes beyond sports as it motivates both athletes and ordinary people in 13 (they) pursuit of dreams.
B
Bad on AR and VR, the metaver aims to bring people clor together in an online tting, enabling them to be connected in ways they couldn’t be before. Imagine 14 (attend) a meeting from the comfort of your couch, where you don't dress up, but your avatar does. You’re ated at a virtual table with other people 15 reactions and body language can be judged just as well as they would be in real life. A metaver could very likely bring the 16 (imagine) to reality, and soon.
C
Everyone has a n of humor, but it's pretty evident that not everybody has a good n of it. Psychologists axe divided on 17 humor is inborn or learnable. However, there is one thing that 18(accept) universally so far—the n of humor is uniquely human. It is associated with laughter and laughter is associated with happiness and courage. The are qualities 19 (share) with other for
ms of life. But if happiness is one of the goals 20 (cha) in life, then it is the n of humor that provides the key.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Old and unrestored theatres are all around us and yet so unnoticed. A new photobook unveils their often overlooked beauty.
Proctor's Theatre, Newark, New Jery
Although available outdoors from street llers, food was banned in theatres to display respectability. In the late 1920s, however, the operators in Proctor5s Theatre in Newark began to t up stands to improve the economic situation during the Great Depression. Popcorn and Coke would become a significant part of the theatre5 s income.
Proctor's Theatre, Troy, New York
Originally opened as Proctor5s Fourth Street Theatre in 1914, it hosted famous comedians such as Jack Benny and Bob Hope. From 1929, it was successively taken over, renamed as Proctor5s Troy Theatre and switched to screening films.
In the 1960s, it began playing cond-run films before closing in 1977. It was listed on the National Register of Historic
Places (NRHP) in 1979. In 2010, the theatre was repaired but is currently not being ud today.
RKO Keith's Flushing Theatre, New York
Originally opened in 1928, RKO Keith5s Flushing Theatre was designed by Thomas Lamb. In 1982, it was listed on the NRHP. In 1986, the theatre was bought and clod by its new owner who planned to build a shopping centre on the site, intentionally damaging the hall. In 2019, despite the prervation efforts, the hall was knocked down to make way for a residential tower block.
Metropolitan Opera Hou, Philadelphia
The theatre was originally opened as the Philadelphia Opera Hou in 1908. In the 1920s, it was renamed as the Metropolitan Opera Hou, showing silent films in addition to hosting various opera companies. In the 1940s, it became a sports arena. In 1954, it was turned into a church. In the late 1990s, the building was purchad by Mark Hatcher. The church and the developer came to an agreement on a repair for a music venue that was completed and reopened in 2018.
21.In the late 1920s, Proctor5s Theatre in Newark t up stands to________ -
A show respect for the guests B. increa the theatre's income
C promote newly relead movies D、compete with the street llers
22.What can we know from the passage?
A.RKO Keith's Flushing Theatre is well prerved.
B.Proctor5 s Theatre in Troy plays cond-run films now.
C.Metropolitan Opera Hou has witnesd changes in its function.
D.Proctor's Theatre in Newark has been officially listed on the NRHP.
23.What is the puipo of this passage?
A.To rank the old and unrestored theatres.
B.To show the development of American theatres.
C.To encourage people to protect the old theatres.
D.To provide information on overlooked old theatres.
B
To the untrained eye, a pingpong ball is just a pingpong ball. To a Beverly Cleary fan, it's two motorcycle helmets for mice.
Ever since I read Cleary5s ries about Ralph, the motorcycle—riding mou, I've never looked at a pingpong ball—or the world—the same way. Amazing to think that it's been more than forty years since I checked out The Mou and the Motorcycle from my school library in Northport, and yet that one particular image is as clear to me as ever.
And why shouldn't it be? It's perfect.
How I wanted a mou of my own to ride a toy motorcycle around my hou! Thanks to Cleary5s genius, a talking mou friend emed not only possible but probable.
While much of children's literature attempted to explain the world from the point of view of a wi and gentle adult, Cleary created characters who saw the world as only children can. With great interest, I read every book that bore Beverly Cleary's name. She emed like a friend who understood me in ways I didn't yet understand mylf.
I've written eight children's books and have always kept Beverly5s n of wonder in mind. I don't remember at exactly what age I decided I wanted to write books, but I know that by cond or third grade, my teacher assigned a project that allowed us to focus on whatever we wanted. My best friend picked dolphins; I cho children's authors, with a large chunk of my project being about who el? Beverly Cleary!
I told that story recently to a school group. One of the students said, "That's fantastic! You did your
project on children5s authors and then you became one!”
“Yes,” I said. "And my best friend who did her project on dolphins—became a dolphin!，,
"Really?” the students said in chorus.
And that perfectly sums up why I love writing for children: the belief that fantastic, magical things can happen. Best friends can become dolphins; mice can ride toy motorcycles and become our friends.
That9s what Beverly Cleaiy taught me. In the hands of a gifted storyteller, anything and so very funny.
24.The Mou and the Motorcycle impresd the author mainly becau ------------------------- .
A.it recorded animals5 life
B.it revealed the wisdom of life
C. it encouraged children to rai pets
D. it described the world from children's eyes
25 . When learning the author5 s friend became a dolphin, the students felt .
A.amazed
B. doubtful
C. scared D confud
26.What is the passage mainly about?
A.What the author created to attract children.
B.What the author did to turn impossible into possible.
C.How Beverly Cleary aroud children's interest in reading.
D.How the author was inspired to be a writer by Beverly Cleary.
C
When a chunk of ice fell from a collapsing glacier （冰川）on the Swiss Alps' Mount Eiger in 2017, part of the long deep sound it produced was too low for human ears to detect. But the vibrations held a key to calculating the ice avalanche's （崩塌）critical characteristics.
Low-frequency sound wayes called infrasound that travel great distances through the atmosphere ar
e already ud to monitor active volcanoes from afar. Now some rearchers in this field have switched focus from fire to ice: dangerous blocks snapping off glaciers. Previous work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never ice, says Boi State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. "This was different,Johnson says. "A signature of a new material has been detected with infrasound."
Usually glaciers move far too slowly to generate an infrasound signal, which rearchers pick up using detectors that track slight changes in air pressure. But a collap—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier's main body—is a prolific infrasound producer. Glacial collaps drive ice avalanches, which po an increasing threat to people in mountainous regions as rising temperatures weaken large fields of ice. A glacier u can become detached from the ground due to melting, causing bigger break— offs,” says University of Florence geologist Emanuele Marchetti, lead author of the new study. As the threat grows, scientists ek new ways to monitor and detect such collaps.
Rearchers often u radar to track ice avalanches, which is preci but expensive and can monitor only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound, Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect break—off events around a much broader area as well as multiple avalanch
es across a mountain. It is challenging, however, to parate a signal into its components (such as traffic nois, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes) without additional measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. "The model ud by Marchetti is a first approximation for this,” she says. Isolating the relevant signal helps the rearchers monitor an ice avalanche's speed, path and volume from afar using infrasound.
Marchetti and his colleagues are now working to improve their detectors to pick up more signals across at-risk regions in
Europe, and they have t up collaborations around the continent to better understand signals that collapsing glaciers produce. They are also refining their mathematical analysis to figure out each ice cascade's physical details.
27.What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3?
A. Infrasound has a major role to play in discovering new materials.
B.Ice avalanches are a bigger threat to people than volcanic eruptions.
C.Rearchers are trying to u infrasound in detecting ice avalanches.
D.Scientists employ infrasound more in mountain areas than in other places.
28.Which is an advantage of infrasound over radar?
A , The combination with other relevant signals.
B.The accuracy in locating a certain avalanche.
C.The ability in picking up signals in wider areas.
D.The nsitivity in tracking air pressure changes.
29.The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refers to.
A distinguishing different components of a signal
B detecting multiple avalanches at the same time
C calculating the speed and path of ice avalanches
D monitoring the specific location of ice break—offs
30.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.From Fire to Ice
B. Glacier Whispers
C Nature is Warning D. Secret of Ice Avalanches
D
In over 25 years, DeSimone has spun his rearch findings into commercial gold by launching veral business. As a faculty member at the University of North Carolina, he provided scientific advice and held equity in the business. But he has never actually managed his companies. His employers bar him from simultaneously holding an academic post and an executive position. The dual roles can prent huge conflicts.
Conflicts of interest （COIs） occur when an individual’s personal interests—family, friendships, financial, or social factors—could compromi his or her judgment, decisions, or actions in the workplace, and it makes sound career n to think about how to manage them. Rearchers should disclo potential or existing conflicts across all aspects of academic life.
In most places, COI management runs on an honor system. Rearchers decide which financial holdings and relationships to disclo to university administrators. Journals and funders adopt a similar system when they ask authors and peer reviewers about potential conflicts related to manuscript or grant approvals.
Most rearch institutions offer training to help faculty members to understand what constitutes a potential or existing conflict. Administrators then decide whether the interest prents a conflict, and whether that conflict can be handled. If so, they create a management plan to address it. If not, rearchers must abandon the work, partner with rearchers at other institutions, or leave their university.
Perception plays a part in defining a potential conflict, warns Walt, a chemist at Tufts University. Investigators who develop a technology in the laboratory and then transfer it to their company could create a conflict of interest in the eyes of their students, Walt says. But the potential conflict can be avoided by drafting a licensing agreement that bars discoveries from automatically being transferred to the investigator's company. Walt created such an arrangement to assure his students that they weren't actually working for his private companies.
Relationships can po conflicts when conference organizers are choosing speakers. Members of the American Society
