2023届北京市高考英语复习真题阅读长难句分析技巧讲义
1.形式多样的定语
P1:A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies
主干：A new study shows that the vulturine guineafowl have multilevel societies.
P2:Dr. Farine emphasizes this particular bird’s tiny brain size: “They don’t only have small brains relative to mammals ( 哺 乳 动 物 ), they also have quite small brains relative to other birds,” he said.
主干：Dr. Farine emphasizes tiny brain size.
P3:There may be more birds and other animals out there that, although small-brained, have societies as many-leveled as our own.
P4:For veral decades, there has been( an extensive and organized) campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by tho (who interests and ideologies are threatened by the findings of modern science).
分析：There has been a campaign . 多个定语： an extensive and organized; intended to ;funded by tho
P5:It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting ems to look back at obrvers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong
P6:But what is typically thought to be the scientific method—develop a hypothesis ( 假 设 ), then design an experiment to test it—isn’t what scientists actually do
P7:It’s this tough, sustained process that works to make sure( faulty claims are rejected).
P8:While examples (of truly ttled science being overturned) are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist.
P9:Scientists have managed to turn an unassuming drone（无人机） into a remote-controlled pollinator（授粉媒介） by attaching horhairs coated with a special, sticky gel to its underbelly.
P10:The results showed that evening types scored higher than morning types on inductive reasoning, which has been shown to be a good estimate of general intelligence
and a strong indicator of academic performance.
2.副词或短语开头
P1:Incidentally, “respondent” and “informant” are words that are sometimes ud instead of “interviewee”.
P2:Consistently, the rearchers found, participants judged that the woman in the “Mona Lisa” portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right.
P3:Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same respons that whites do．
3.数据的理解
P1:A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle tha
t’s 15.4 degrees off to the obrver’s right—well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them.
P2:Rearchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics
P3:The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.
4.连词：
P1:Our findings suggested that the brain measures the difference in what we e before and after a blink, and commands the eye muscles to make the needed corrections.”
P2:“You reflect反映 on your emotional feelings and then you generate（产生，形成） some sort of recognition judgment, and the most important thing that results in is that you take the appropriate action—you approach the person or you avoid the person,” Niedenthal says. “Your own emotional reaction to the face changes your perception of ho
w you see the face in such a way that provides you with more information about what it means.” proper=appropriate 合理的 惬当的 Recognize认知 judge判断
5.人物
P1:Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tenne, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene.
P2:A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies.
P3:A behaviorist, B．F．Skinner, es humans as beings who behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings．A behaviorist, B．F．Skinner, es humans as beings who behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings．
P4:According to Mike Shatzkin, founder and CEO of the Idea Logical Company, printed b
ooks just for plain old reading will, in 10 years from now, be unusual.
P5:Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars(虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him.
