品质不良重要度等级区分（Quality difference grade）Quality difference grade
(I) nonconforming and nonconforming products;
(1) GB/T19000-2000 defines unqualified as: not meet the requirement. Failure to include products, process, and systems does not meet requirements, so nonconformities include nonconforming and nonconforming items. Among them, all finished and mi-finished products, raw materials, parts and pieces of product drawings, cooperative control process documents, technical standards for inspection and testing, is judged to be one or more quality characteristics (not meet) does not meet the requirements, collectively referred to as unqualified products.
(2) in the whole process of product formation, due to the influence of various factors, there may be some products that do not conform to the product drawings, process documents and technical standards. At the same time, some defective raw materials, fittings, purchad parts and so on may also be purchad. If the products are judged to be not up to the specified requirements by inspection, they are not qualified.
(3) one of the important tasks of quality inspection, is in the process of removing and isolating the unqualified products formed in the whole product, unqualified products timely eliminate and prevent mi
su or isolation, can ensure that the error formation of unqualified products.
(two) substandard classification;
1. the concept of nonconforming classification involves a great deal of quality characteristics in the process of product and product formation, and the importance of the quality characteristics varies.
Disqualification is the performance of quality deviating from the specified requirements, and this deviation is different due to the difference in the quality of its quality and the degree of deviation from the specification. Unqualified verity classification, that is, the quality of the product may be substandard, according to its impact on the suitability of the product classification, listed specific classification table, accordingly implementation management.
Substandard grades were ud earlier in the United states. In 1940s, the Baer system was graded within the company on the importance of quality characteristics and the verity of nonconformities. During the Second World War, the United States Department of defen adopted this grading scheme.
2. role of nonconforming grading
(1) the key points of the test can be clearly defined. The verity grading by all kinds of unqualified influence on the applicability of product, can make the inspection work, grasp the key, the key is to better grasp the quality of the products in the inspection of the inspection personnel and improve the efficiency of inspection.
(2) it is beneficial to choo better acceptance sampling plan.
In the u of sampling standards, for acceptable quality level, AQL value determination and unqualified batch judgment and treatment, can be bad on the verity of the different grades of substandard make different choice.
(3) it is convenient for comprehensive evaluation of product quality. Through unqualified grading, the quality of products can be a number of unqualified overall evaluation. For example, the product of the inspection results recorded statistics, to the lowest level of substandard as the ba, and the rest of the various levels weighted by the verity of the calculation, the relative comparison. This method can be ud to a certain operation organization, operation personnel or a product (including spare parts) arising from the actual failure, weighted comprehensive comparison with the same ba, which makes the evaluation more scientific, meticulous, relative to the quality level of evaluatio
n, to ensure and improve the product quality to provide the basis for evaluating the establishment the incentive mechanism.
(4) grading and implementing management of nonconforming products plays an important role in bringing into full play the effectiveness of comprehensive quality management and quality inspection functions. As in the quality audit, according to the specific requirements of product and customer feedback unqualified project information in the classification of unqualified products, you can objectively evaluate the level of product quality, to improve the effectiveness of the audit.
(three) the principle of unqualified verity classification;
The classification of nonconforming verity is the principle to be considered:
(1) the importance of the quality characteristics specified. The nonconformity of high-grade quality characteristics is also high in verity.
(2) the degree of influence on the applicability of the product. Nonconformity verity classification cannot be determined solely by the importance of quality characteristics,
Also from the u and safety, economy, and share of the market share of comprehensive considerati
on, resulting in substandard products should be how to deal with the decision.
(3) the degree of dissatisfaction that a customer may reflect. The stronger the customer's dissatisfaction, the greater its verity.
(4) in addition to the functional quality characteristics, the grading of nonconforming quality shall include the non functional factors such as appearance and packaging.
(5) the influence of disqualification on the next operation process (process).
Table 44-3 is a common example mode of mechanical product failure classification principle; table 4.4-4 is a comprehensive principle of food industry the verity of the sample; table 4.4-5 is the verity of sample car failed; 4.4-6 phone book unqualified verity is defined.
Table 44-6 definition of nonconformity verity (telephone book)
Definition of nonconforming product (principle)
Significant disorder:
Class A: very critical, in critical condition - 100 points
This class does not make any qualified phone book can not be ud, and will cau the majority of subscribers are not satisfied, criticism or opposition (for example, completely unable to identify the page, post bar, column, page, or lack of lack of posts; mismatched, upside down, a page or a book, no rious or nailed; bleeding pages).
Class B: rious, not yet critical - 50 points
This kind of unqualified make phone book any part (1 or 2) can not be ud, or a large part of reading difficulties, or (a) will inevitably lead to dissatisfaction, few subscribers criticism or opposition, or (b) may cau the majority of subscribers are not satisfied, criticism or opposition (for example, completely unable to reading, missing, or mismatched items, words, or a part of the classified ads column or classified ads not completely e or almost unreadable) small unqualified:
Class C: moderate to vere, deducted 10 points
