2019上海奉贤区⾼三⼆模英语及答案
2018学年奉贤区调研测试
⾼三英语试卷(201904)
命题⼈：张伟、范丹华、钟爱群
考⽣注意:
1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写( ⾮选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反⾯清楚地填写姓名。
I.Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.A. At an airport.
B. In an office,
C. At a police station.
D, At a travel agency.
2. A. Down jackets are now on sale,
B. She can't wait for the winter to arrive.
C. It's hard to know how vere the winter will be
D. She needs a warm jacket.
3. A. Learning to drive.
B. Buying the insurance.
C. Buying a car
D. Taking a plane,
4. A. Erie won't eat vegetable without meat
B. Eric likes both vegetable and meat
C. Some meat will solve Eric's problem
D. Eric is short of vegetable.
5. A. He is invasive
B. He is heroic
C. He is life-threatening
D He is awkward
6. A. Reviews of the comedy are negative.
B. The reaction to the comedy is varied.
C. The review of the newspaper is one sided.
D. Media are prejudiced against the comedy.
7. A. Deliver the package in person.
B. Pick up the package at the post office
C.Ask to have the package delivered to his home
D. Find out the opening hours of the post office
8. A. It hasn’t been graded.
B. It received a low grade.
C. The committee is discussing it
D. The woman hasn't handed it in.
9. A. He has been to Seattle many tines.
B. He has chaired a lot of conferences.
C. He holds a high position in his company.
D. He lived in Seattle for many years.
10. A. It is too late for the man to go to the theatre.
B. People have already been standing in line for two hours.
C. The man must wait for two hours to buy the ticket.
D. The man can buy a special ticket before the drama starts.
Section B
Directions: In Scion B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have beard.
Questions I1 through 13 are bad on the following passage.
11. A. They are gardeners.
B. They ll vegetables.
C. They run a guesthou:
D. They are scientists.
12. A. Five hours.
B. Eight hours.
C. Twelve hours.
D. Fourteen hours.
13. A. They have deeper roots.
B They don't need sunshine
C. They have wider leaves.
D.'They have bigger flowers.
Questions 14 through l6 are bad on the following news.
14. A. It is produced in small quantities.
B. It is sold at a lower price
C. It is rved mainly in McDonald's.
D. It is grown from cows alone,
15. A. The land and the water system have been polluted riously.
B. Not enough meat has been produced to meet people's needs
C. Much land has been ud up for animals and their food.
D. It has consumed fewer and fewer natural resources
16. A. Steaks and hamburgers
B. Animal rights.
C. The food crisis in the future.
D. Lab-grown meat.
Questions 17 through 20 are bad o0 the following conversation
17. A. He is an Englishman living in Sweden.
B. He prefers hot weather to cold weather
C. He visits London nearly every winter.
D. He likes Sweden better than England.
18. A. The long night
B. The bad weather.
C. The gloomy winter
D. The cold hous
19. A. Delightful. B. Refreshing. C. Painful D. Frustrating
20. A. They work hard and play hard,
B. They often stay up late reading.
C. They like to go comping in summer
D. They try to earn more and spend more,
II.Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, u one word that best fits each blank.
How to Make the Most of Y our Lunch Hour
Should you grab a bite at your desk or eat with your coll That depends on what's on your agenda for the rest of the day.
Lunch hours (21)________(get) shorter and shorter and even disappearing in some parts of today's working world. With fewer employees (22)________ (ask) to accomplish more in a day, many Americans treat lunch not as a break but as just another task to squeeze into an already over-booked day.
But do quick meals at the desk actually improve productivity over more leisurely meals?
The rearchers only studied 32 employees, so the findings are debatable. But when they assigned one group to eat at their desks and another to dine with a colleague at a restaurant, they found tho
who ate lunch together showed a decline (23)________ their performance on tests hat measured concentration, memory and the ability to catch errors and read emotions in facial expressions following lunch than before lunch. Both groups ate the same meals, but tho who ate their food alone were only given 20 minutes to consume their food, (24)________ the paired participants were allowed one hour in the restaurant. Tho who ate alone did not have as large a drop in their cognitive processing as tho who ate in the restaurant.
What was responsible for the change? There were too many variables at play to determine which had the strongest influence on cognitive control--was it the companionship or the restaurant environment (25)________ other dinners were prent, music was played and the meal was rved by wait staff, or was it the longer time to enjoy the meal?
(26)________ factor was responsible, the group that took a restaurant lunch break came back more relaxed, say the authors, and that likely affected their cognitive sharpness. Sharing a meal outside the office with a fiend appears to have a
(27)________ (calm) effect, and while it reduces intellectual skills, it may develop social harmony and teamwork, which (28) ________ be an important feature of some work tasks."
But don't feel sorry for the lone hunger. It turns out (29)________ since they were able to maintain their cognitive skills following the meal, they might be in a better position (30)________ (think) creatively for projects that require more innovative solutions or approaches.
Section B
Direction: Fill in each blank with, a proper word chon from the box. Each word can be ud only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. involving
B. distinguish
C. adapted F. gains
G. partially H. amazing D. tailored E. medium
I. definitely J. steer K. implications
Genes That Make You Smarter
The contributions genes make to intelligence increa as children grow older. This goes against the idea most people hold that as we age, environmental influences gradually overpower the genetic legacy (财产) we are born with and may have (31)________ for education"
“People assume the genetic influence goes down with age becau the environmental differences between people pile up in life," says Robert Pl omin. “What we found was quite (32)________and goes in the other dire ction.”
Previous studies have shown variations in intelligence are (33)________ due to genetics. To find out whether this genetic contribution varies with age, Plomin's team gathered data from six parate studies carried out in 4 countries, (34)________ a total of 1100 pairs of twins. 'The rearchers tested twins on reasoning, arithmetics etc. to measure a quantity called "G". Each study also included both identical twins, with the same genes, and fraternal twins(异卵双⽣), sharing about half their genes, making it possible to (35)________ the contributions of genes and environment to their G scores.
Plomin's team calculated in childhood, genes account for about 41 percent of the variations in intelligence. In adolescence, this ro to 55 percent;, by young adolescence, it was 66 percent
NO one (36)________ knows why the influence from genes should increa with age, but Plomin suggests that as children get older, they become better at handling their environment to suit their genetic needs, and says “kids with with high G will u their environment to develop cognitive ability and choo friends who are like-minded. Children with (37)________ to low G may choo less challenging pastimes and activities, further emphasizing their genetic legacy.
Is there any way to interfere with the pattern? Perhaps. The evidence of strong heritability (遗传可能性) doesn’t mean th at there is nothing you can do about it." says Susanne Jaeggi, “f rom our own work, the ones that started off with lower IQ scores had higher (38)________ training. Plomin suggests genetic differences may be more emphasized if all children share an identical curriculum instead of it being (39)________ to children's natural abilities. My tendency would be to give everyone a good education, but put more effort into the lower end." he says. Intelligence rearchers Paul Thompson agrees: It shows. that educators need to (40)________ ads towards things drawing out their natural talents.
Ш. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Direction: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phras marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phra that best fits the context.
Open data-sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many re archers broadly agree thatpub1icaccess to raw data would promote science, most are (41)________ to post the results of their own labours online.
Some communities have agreed to share online-geneticists, for ex ample, post DNA quences at the GenBank repository (库). and astronomers are accustomed to (42)________ images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has obrved some 500 million objects-but the remain the (43)________ not the rule. Historically, scientists have (44)________ sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work, until recently, good databas did not exist: grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data, and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.
But the (45)________ are disappearing in part becau journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data (46)________.Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report that scientists need to.
(47)________ a rearch culture where data is viewed as private prerve". Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information. and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared online in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, rvices are springing up to make it easier to publish rearch products (48)________ and enable other rearchers to discover and cite (引⽤) them.
Although calls to share data often concentrate on the (49)________ advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely beneficial to others. Rearchers who share get plenty of personal benefits including more connections with colleagues. improved (50)________ and incread citations. The most successful sharers- tho who data are downloaded and cited the most often-getnoticed, and their work gets ud. (51)________ one of the most popular data ts on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world: it has been (52)________ 5700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that urs probably range from climate -change rearchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresters looking for in formation on dif ferent grades of trees. I’d much prefer to have my date ud by the (53)________ number of people to as their own questions," she says.It's important to allow readers and reviewers to e exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be (54)________.
Even people who data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and 1abel files so others can understand them, scientists can become more organized and better disciplined themlves, thus avoiding (55)________later on.
41. A. restricted B. reluctant C. desperate D. generous
42. A. accessing B. processing C. analyzing D. identifying
43. A. assumption B. mystery C. exception D. phenomenon
44. A. longed for B. appealed to C. focud on D. objected to
45. A. symptoms B. barriers C. advantages D. conquences
46. A. controllable B. unique C. reliable D. public
47. A. shift away from B. end up with C. give ri to D. build up
48. A. cret B. digitally C. ethically D. fairly
49. A. materia1 B. individual C. moral D. economic
50. A. visibility B. awareness C. condition D. confidence
51. A. On the contrary B.As a result C. For example D. After all
52. A. downloaded B. updated C. optimized D. addresd
53. A. moderate B maximum C. average D. estimated
54. A. reversible B. profitable C. reproducible D. recognizable
55. A. crisís B. confusion C. risk D. conflict
