TP02阅读详细答案
The Origins of Agriculture
Paragraph 1 : How did it come about that farming developed independently in a number of world cen ters (the Southeast Asian main land, Southwest Asia, Central America, lowland and highland South America, and equatorial Africa) at more or less the same time? Agriculture developed slowly among populations that had an extensive knowledge of plants and animals. Changing from hunting and gathering to agriculture had no immediate advantages. To start with, it forced the population to abandon the nomad's life and became dentary, to develop methods of storage and, often, systems of irrigation. While hunter-gatherers always had the option of moving elwhere when the resources were exhausted, this became more difficult with farming. Furthermore, as the archaeological record shows, the state of health of agriculturalists was wor than that of their contemporary hunter-gatherers.
l.The word "option" in the passage is clost in meaning to
O choice
O benefit
O idea
O experience
题型：词汇题 解题思路：option是一个简单词汇，意思为〃选择〃，所以A项正确。
重点句子翻译：
While hunter-gatherers always had the option of moving elwhere when the resources were exhausted, this became more difficult with farming.
然而，当自然资源枯竭的时候，狩猎者永远可以选择搬到别处去，这使得种地变得更加困难。
2.According to paragraph 1, all of the following are advantages of hunting and gathering over agriculture EXCEPT:
O It is a healthier I if estyle.
O It re电气安全知识
quires less knowledge of plants and animals.
O It does not need storage capabilities.
O It is not tied to any specific location.
题型:排除列举题
定位词:advantages of hunting and gathering over agriculture
解题思路：根据定位词定位回原文A项对应"the state of health of agriculturalists was wor than that of their contem属马什么命
porary hunter-gatherers'1 ; C 项又寸应 "to develop methods of storage"; D 项又寸应"hunter-gatherers always had the option of moving elwhere" z 雪绒花教案
B项原文未提及，为正确选项。
Paragraph 2 : Traditionally, it was believed that the transition to agriculture was the result of a worldwide population crisis. It was argued that once hunter-gatherers had occupied t
he whole world, the population started to grow everywhere and food became scarce; agriculture would have been a solution to this problem. We know, however, that contemporary hunter-gatherer societies control their population in a variety of ways. The idea of a world population crisis is therefore unlikely, although population pressure might have arin in some areas.
3.The word "therefore" in the passage is clost in meaning to
O in theory
O obviously
O frequently
O as a result
题型：词汇题
解题思路：therefore是一个简单词汇，表示一种结果。所以D项正确。
4.Which of the following best describes the way paragraph 2 is organized?
O A possible explanation for a phenomenon is prented and then criticized.
O Two similar ways of accounting for a puzzling fact are considered.
O Early societies' respon to a problem is contrasted with con temporary societies' respon.
O A prehistoric development is first explained in traditional terms and then in contemporary terms.
题型:修辞目的题
解题思路：在本段中，文章开头引入了一个社会向农业方向转变的原因- population crisis,中间however —词说明作者的态度发生了转变结尾说到这个理论是unlikely的， 所以本段结构是先为一种现象提供了一种解释，随后反驳。吃什么去黑眼圈
A项正确。
Paragraph 3 : Climatic changes at the end of the glacial period 13z000 years ago have b
een propod to account for the emergence of farming. The temperature incread dramatically in a short period of time (years rather than centuries), allowing for a growth of the hunting-gathering population due to the abundance of resources. There were, however, fluctuations in the climatic conditions, with the conquences that wet conditions were followed by dry ones, so that the availability of plants and animals oscillated brusquely.
5.Which of the ntences below best express the esntial information in the highlighted ntence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out esntial information.
O The resources needed by the growing hunting and gathering population incread rapidly once temperatures ro.
O Dramatic temperature increas and the simultaneous growth of the hunting and gathering population led to the need for more resources.
O Higher temperatures led to the existence of incread resources, thus enabling the hunting and gathering population to grow.
O The dramatic temperature in crea occurred duri ng the few years when abundant resources allowed the 管理学原理与方法
hunting and gathering population to grow. 题型:句子简化题
解题思路:原句中没有明显的逻辑关系，抓住句子的主干：升高的温度使自然资源更加丰 富，导致了捕猎人口数量的增加。选项C抓住了原句主干，所以C项正确。
