选修7unit4重点辞汇和词组，词组辨析等
基础知识
辞汇学习
本单元重点词汇 | 扩展学习 | 典型例子 |
1.operate(vt. vi) 操作，控制，使运行，经营，动手术 | operator(cn.)电话操作员，技工 operation(cn.)手术，行动，运行 | 1）The doctor told me that I need an _____________ at once. 2）Tom only ________ better under great pressure. 3）Dial 114 and you can ask the __________ to help you. |
2.political (adj.) 政治的，政党的，政府的 | politician(cn.)从政者，政治家 politics (n.)政治（学科），政治事务 politically(adv.)政治上 | 4）After graduation, he’s thinking of going into______________. 5）Americans generally do not believe in ___________, who are considered as complete liars. 6）As a fresh____________ leader, he succeeded in convincing the public that he’s an able man. |
3.adjust 调整，调节 adjuster/adjustor(n.) 调整员，调节器 | adjustable(adj.)可调节的 adjustment(n.)调节，调整 adjust onelf to sth.调整以适应…… adjust to sth/doing sth.适应、习惯…… | 7）It took her a long while to _________ herlf to the new life in high school. 8）I’ve made veral_____________ to improve my composition. 9）The height of the bicycle is _______________. |
4.participate (vi.) 参加 | participant(cn.)参与者 participation(un.)参加，参与 participate in sth.参与……. | 10）My back injury prevented me from ___________ in too active sports. 11）Their wonderful performance won lots of audience_____________. 12）He has been an active ______________ in this discussion. |
5. donate(vt.) 捐赠，赠送 | donation(n.)捐赠，捐赠物 donate sth. (to sb/sth)向…..捐赠…. make a donation of …..to….向….捐赠…. | 13) All _______________ blood should be tested for HIV and other infections. 14) He has made a ________ of ﹩20,000 to the earthquake-hit areas. |
6. purcha(n. v.)购买，采购 | purchar(cn.) 采购者，买家 purcha price买价 purchasing power 购买力 purcha sth. from…. 向…….采购……. | 15) They ___________ the land for ﹩1million. 16) The company has just announced its ﹩ million________of Park Hotel. |
7. voluntary(adj. n.)自愿的，主动的，即兴曲 | voluntarily(adv.)自愿地，主动地 volunteer(cn.)志愿者 volunteer(vi.)自愿做….，义务做….. volunteer to do sth.自愿做…. | 17) No one asked him to leave---he went away_______. 18)I always do some________ work at the hospital at weekends. 19) Our primary school needs more ____________ to help the children to read. 20) During the journey, the local young girl__________ to work as our guide. |
8. relevant(adj.) 紧密相关的，切题的，有价值的，有意义的 | relevance(un.)意义 relevantly(adv.)重要地，得要领地 relative(cn.)亲戚 be relevant to sth./sb. 对….有价值/意义， 与….紧密相关 | 21) The scientist called her colleagues to get some information___________ to her rearch. 22) The manager has experience in teaching, and more ____________ industry. |
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Part2.词组中英互译
1.for sure________________ 2. a newly built platform________________________-
3. stand upside down_______________ 4. dry out_省考行测时间分配
___________
up_____________ down the mountain______________
7. a wing machine_____________ 8. English dialect________________
9.充当志愿者________________________ 10.收到来信________________________
11.极期望做________________________ 12.达到________________________
13.调整以适应________________________ 14.头几天________________________
15.偶遇________________________ 16.生火________________________
17.参加________________________ 18.想起________________________
Part3.动词专练
1)Thanks for your letter, which took a fornight________________(arrive).
2)There’s no electricity or water and even no textbooks either! I’m still trying_______________(adapt) to the conditions.
3)When we arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother, Kiak, who ______________(pull) weeds in her garden, started crying “ieee, ieee”.
4)After a short time Tombe threw it out of the doorway, and I was__________(puzzle).
5)Just 20% more produce will mean the difference between sickness and health, between families going hungry and families________________(provide) for themlves.
6)The boys who _______________-( not come ) across anything like this before started jumping out of the window.
7)Tombe’s father, Mukap, led us to his hou, a low bamboo hut with grass____________(stick) out of the roof—this is a man’s hou.
8)There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough____________(get) through.
9)Once the fire was going, he _____________( lay ) stones on it.
10)My muscles were aching and my knees_____________(shake) as we climbed.
Part4.词语辨析
1.work as / work on/ work for/ w仙人掌有什么作用
ork out
work as :“从事…..的工作”，后面所接的往往确实是表示工作类别的名词；
work on:”制造，修理某物”；或表示“继续从事….”;
work for:“受雇于….”、“为….效劳”；
work out:“解决问题，处置”、“锻炼躯体”。
1)Both my father and mother have___________ the engineering company for more than
35 years.
2)We are so eager to ____________ the problem right now.
3)She feels it good to _____________ a volunteer teacher in that mountain village.
4)She’s outside, ____________ her car.
2.hear/hear of (about)/ hear from/ listen to
hear:“听到了….”，强调的是“听”那个动作的结果，过去式和过去分词都是heard;
listen to:“听，倾听….”，强调的是“听”的行为或动作；
hear of/about:表示“听说….”或“间接得悉….”;
hear from:表示“收到….的来信”。
1)Mr. Smith has been away from home for a long time. He is looking forward to ___________ his wife.
2)I’ve never_______________ the news Edison had got involved in.
3)Tommy felt scared when she______________ footsteps behind her in the dark street.
4)To show my respect to him, I had to________________ his terrible singing very carefully.
3.think of / think about/ think over
think of 和think about在表示“考虑”、“对…..某种观点”时能够互换，可是think of 还能够表示“想起…..”、“想出（方法，注意）”；
think over:表示“认真考虑…..”.
1)They’re ___________________ buying another new car.
2)Who ________________ the idea? It’s great! But I can’t ______________his name.
3)We need veral days to______________ this matter.
4.take/cost/spend/pay
take表示“花费时刻”，其主语是人、事物，或it, 一样与不定式搭配：it takes sb. time to do sth.;
cost表示“花费金钱，劳力、精力，或（笼统意义上的、不具体的）时刻”，其主语能够是事物或it。 而且在表示“花费”时，一样不用于被动语态。常见搭配有：it costs sb. time to do sth., sth, costs sb. money;
spend表示“花费时刻，金钱”，主动语态时主语必然为人。 sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth./on sth.
pay(for), pay表示付给人家前、兑现账单等；pay for 表示买东西付款，也表示替他人付钱。主语是人。其常见结构是to pay sb. some money, pay money for sth.
1)He _______________ an hour to finish the work.
2)The journey to the airport_______________ one and a half hours.
