The largest and most ambitious military expedition in history was the invasion of Normandy in northern France by British, American and Canadian forces that took place in the summer of 1944. Even nature played a role.
历史上规模最大、最具雄心的军事远征是1944年夏天，英国、美国和加拿大军队在法国北部的诺曼底登陆。甚至大自然也起了作用。
It took more than a year for military planners to orchestrate every movement of troops, artillery, ships and aircraft and to t everything in place for the move that was to open up a cond front in Europe. This would liberate France and open the way for the final assault on Germany itlf.
军事策划者花了一年多的时间来协调军队、大炮、船只和飞机的每一次行动，并为在欧洲开辟第二次战线的行动做好一切准备。这将解放法国，并为对德国本身的最后攻击开辟道路。
Everything was controlled; right down to the placement of military decoys across the English Channel to fool the Germans into thinking the attack would come from Britain's clost point to France at Pas de Calais3 rather than in Normandy as planned.
一切都在掌握之中;甚至包括在英吉利海峡对岸布置了军事诱饵，让德国人误以为袭击会从英国离法国最近的加莱海峡发动，而不是按计划在诺曼底发动
Everything was controlled, that is, except the weather.
D-Day, the code name given to the day of invasion, was originally scheduled for 5 June 1944. This date had been arrived at by considering two factors moonlight and tide. The hour of the invasion would need to be near sunri, when the aborne troops would have arising tide. This would enable them to land clo to the obstacles that had been placed to hinder their landing without coming ashore on top of them. The paratroopers needed a full moon for visibility. The days with the proper tide-moonlight formula clost to the target date were 5, 6 and 7 June. The fifth was 果蔬汁
chon for D-Day to allow a safety margin in ca the attack needed to be postponed.
诺曼底登陆日(D-Day)是入侵日的代号，原定于1944年6月5日。这个日期是通过考虑月光和潮汐两个因素得出的。入侵的时间需要在接近日出的时候，那时海上部队的涨潮将会出现。这将使他们能够在靠近那些用来阻碍他们登陆的障碍物的地方着陆，而不需要在它们
上面上岸。伞兵们需要满月来提高能见度。潮汐-月光公式最接近目标日期的日子是6月5日、6日和7日。选择5作为诺曼底登陆日，是为了在攻击需要推迟的情况下留出安全余地。
In addition to moonlight and favourable tides, calm as were needed for the crossing. But an unusually stormy transition from spring toward summer that year held out little hope that there would be a suitable break in the weather. It also meant the possibility that Operation Overlord, as the invasion was called, might have to be postponed until later in the year or even the following year.
除了月光和有利的潮汐外，横渡还需要平静的海面。但那年，从春季到夏季的过渡阶段出现了一场罕见的暴风雨，天气会出现合适的转机的希望不大。这也意味着这次被称为“霸王行动”的入侵可能不得不推迟到今年晚些时候，甚至明年。
With the arrival of 5 June, the weather was so bad that General Einhower, supreme commander of the invasion forces, was forced to postpone the invasion by one day. When he met with his staff to review their options, they were faced with the grim reality th
at 6 June did not look much better than the original D-Day. The meteorological report ga音程关系
ve a thin ray of hope that a lull in the storm would allow enough time to launch the invasion. Consultations we花馍馍的做法花样大全
nt on late into the night on whether to press ahead. Opinions were divided. Finally, Einhower made his decision. "I am quite positive we must give the order," he said. I don't like it, but there it is. I don't e how we can do anything el." Within hours, an armada of 3,000 landing craft,2, 500 other ships, and 500 naval vesls began to leave English ports.
随着6月5日的到来，天气非常糟糕，以至于入侵部队的最高指挥官艾森豪威尔将军被迫将入侵推迟一天。当他与他的工作人员开会审议他们的选择时，他们面临着严峻的现实:6月6日看起来并不比最初的诺曼底登陆日好多少。气象报告给了我们一线希望，认为暴风雨暂时停歇会有足够的时间发动进攻。关于是否继续推进的磋商一直进行到深夜。意见分歧。最后，艾森豪威尔做出了他的决定。“我非常肯定我们必须下达命令，”他说。我不喜欢它，但它就在那儿。我看不出我们还能做什么。”在几个小时内，一支由3000艘登陆艇、2500艘其他船只和500艘海广告的种类
军舰艇组成的舰队开始离开英国港口。
Meanwhile, critical errors by the German side allowed them to be taken completely by surpri. Due to the bad weather, the German navy cancelled its usual patrol of the English Channel. Also, a practice drill scheduled for June 6 was called off. The German meteorological rvices were unaware of the break in the weather. On the eve of the attack, many of the top German leaders were abnt from their commands. Rommel, the general in charge of the coastal defences, was in Germany visiting his wife on her birthday, and veral officers were some distance away in Rennes or on their way there for a war-英语怎么翻译
game exerci.
与此同时，德国队的严重失误使他们完全措手不及。由于天气恶劣，德国海军取消了在英吉利海峡的常规巡逻。此外，原定于6月6日举行的演习也被取消。德国气象部门没有意识到天气的变化。在袭击发生前夕，许多德国高层领导人都缺席了。负责海岸防御的隆美尔将军在妻子生日那天去德国探望她，而几名军官在雷恩城外，或者正在前往那里进行军事演习的路上。
The assault on Normandy began at12:, when the pathfinders for the American air
borne units left their planes and parachuted to earth. Five minutes later, on the other side of the invasion area, the British pathfinders made their jump. The pathfinders were specially trained to find and mark the drop zones. The main airborne assault was to commence within the hour.
对诺曼底的进攻于凌晨12点15分开始。当美国空降部队的探路者离开飞机，降落伞降落在地球上时。五分钟后，在入侵区域的另一边，英国探路者们跳了起来。探路者经过专门训练，可以找到并标记空投区域。主要的空降攻击将在一小时内开始。
The airborne attack became confud becau of stiff wind医疗补充保险
s and the evasive flying of the transport planes when they encountered anti-aircraft fire. As a result, the paratroopers were scattered over a wide area and most misd their drop zones, some by as much as 20 miles. Other complications were caud by the terrain, and the worst terrain was on the Cotentin Peninsula. The Germans had laced the open fields with anti-personnel and glider stakes and flooded the low areas. The flooding caud the most trouble for the Americans of the 101st and 82nd Airborne divisions, with many of the troops drowned, laden down by their heavy equipment.
