王蔷《英语教学法教程》笔记和课后习题（含考研真题）详解-第1~3章【圣才出品】

王蔷《英语教学法教程》笔记和课后习题（含考研真题）

详解-第1~3章【圣才出品】

第1章语⾔和语⾔学习

1.1 复习笔记

本章要点：

1. The way we learn languages

我们习得语⾔的⽅式

2. Views on language

语⾔观点

3. The structural view of language

结构主义语⾔理论

4. The functional view of language

功能主义语⾔理论

5. The interactional view of language

交互语⾔理论

6. Common views on language learning

关于语⾔学习的普遍观点

7. Process-oriented theories and condition-oriented theories 强调过程的语⾔学习理论和强调条件的语⾔学习理论

8. The behaviorist theory

⾏为主义学习理论

9. Cognitive theory

认知学习理论

10. Constructivist theory

建构主义学习理论

11. Socio-constructivist theory

社会建构主义理论

12. Qualities of a good language teacher

⼀个好的语⾔⽼师必备的素养

13. Teacher’s professional development

教师专业技能发展

本章考点：

我们如何习得语⾔；结构主义语⾔理论；功能主义语⾔理论；交互语⾔理论；关于语⾔学习的普遍观点；强调过程的语⾔学习

理论和强调条件的语⾔学习理论；⾏为主义学习理论；认知学习理论；建构主义学习理论；社会建构主义理论；成为⼀个好的

语⾔⽼师所要具备的基本素质；教师专业技能发展图。

本章内容索引：

Ⅰ. The way we learn languages

Ⅱ. Views on language

1. The structural view of language

2. The functional view of language

3. The interactional view of language

Ⅲ. Views on language learning and learning in general

1. Rearch on language learning

2. Common views on language learning and learning in general

（1）Behaviorist theory

（2）Cognitive theory

（3）Constructivist theory

（4）Socio-高考选专业 constructivist theory

Ⅳ. Qualities of a good language teacher

Ⅴ. Development of a good language teacher

Ⅵ. An overview of the book

This chapter rves as an introduction for tting the scene for this methodology cour. It discuss issues concerning

views on language and language learning or learning in general with the belief that such views will affect teachers’ ways of

teaching and thus learners’ ways of learning. The qualities of a good language teacher are also discusd in order to rai

the participants’ awareness of what is required for a good English teacher.

这⼀章主要是介绍教学法的⽅法论，其中讨论的问题涉及语⾔和语⾔学习的观点，或者⼀般学习及这些观点对教师教学⽅式和

学习者学习⽅式的影响，本章也讨论了⼀个好的英语教师应具备的素质，以提⾼语⾔教学参与者对优秀英语教师相关要求的意

识。

Ⅰ. The way we learn languages（我们习得语⾔的⽅式）

Much of human 桌面字体大小怎么设置 behaviour is influenced by their experiences. The way language teachers teach in the classroom is to some

extent influenced by the way

they learned languages. This is especially true in foreign language teaching.

⼤多数⼈类⾏为受过往经验的影响。语⾔⽼师在课堂上的教学⽅式也会受到他们语⾔学习⽅式的影响。在学习外语时尤为如

此。

The challenge confronting language teaching is how teaching methodology can ensu锁骨疼痛的原因有三种 re successful learning by all the

learners who have more differences than the commonality.

语⾔教学⾯临的挑战是：教学法如何才能保证不同之处多于相同之处的学习者成功习得语⾔。

Ⅱ. Views on language（语⾔理论）

【考点：结构主义语⾔理论、功能主义语⾔理论、交互语⾔理论的定义及具体应⽤】Three views about the nature of

language: There are many possible theoretical positions about the nature of language. Here 幼儿园班主任工作总结 are three different views which

are explicitly or implicitly reflected in current approaches to langu十大神话故事 age learning.

关于语⾔本质的三种观点：在语⾔的本质上有很多潜在的语⾔观点，当前语⾔学习的⽅法直接或间接反映了三种不同观点。

1. The structural view of language（结构主义语⾔理论）

The structural view of language is that language is a system of structurally related elements for the transmission of meaning.

结构主义语⾔理论认为语⾔是⼀个⽤于传递意义的系统，其中各因素在结构上相互联系。

（1）The elements of language system语⾔系统的因素

①phonological units （phonemes）语⾳单位（⾳素）

②grammatical units （phras, claus, ntences）语法感染是什么意思 单闹觉 位（词组、从句、句⼦）

③grammatical operations （adding, shifting, joining or transforming elements）

语法操作（增添、移位、合并或改变成分）

④lexical items （function words and structure words）词项（功能词和结构词）（2）Target of language learning （语⾔学

习的⽬标）

The target of language learning, in the structural view, is the mastery of elements 好看的头像风景 of this system.

结构主义认为语⾔学习的⽬标是掌握语⾔系统的各因素。

（3）Methods bad on this view （基于该理论的语⾔学习⽅法）

①the Audiolingual method听说法

②Total Physical Respon全⾝反应法

③the Silent Way沉默法

2. The functional view of language（功能主义语⾔理论）

The functional, or communicative view of language is the view that language is a vehicle for the expression of functional

meaning.

功能主义语⾔理论也叫语⾔交际理论，它认为语⾔是表达功能意义的⼯具。

British linguists developed a system of categories bad on the communicative needs of the learner （Johnson and Marrow,

1981）and propod a syllabus bad on communicative functions. The functional view not only es language as a

linguistic system but also a means for doing things.

基于语⾔学习者的交际需求，英国语⾔学家创建了范超清美女图片 畴体系（Johnson and Marra型血和o型血生的孩子 ow, 1981），提出以交际功能为基础的教学

⼤纲。功能主义理论不仅把语⾔看作语⾔系统，同时把语⾔看成是做事的⽅式。

The mantic and communicative dimensions of language are more emphasized than the grammatical characteristics,

although the are also included.

相较于语法特征，功能主义语⾔理论更加注重语义和交际层⾯，尽管它也涵盖了语法特征。

①Here are some of the areas of rearch in this view of language: sociolinguistics, pragmatics, mantics.

功能主义语⾔理论的相关研究领域：社会语⾔学、语⽤学、语义学。

②Target of language learning: The target of language learning is to learn to

express communication functions and categories of meaning.

语⾔学习的⽬标：学习表达交际功能和意义类别。

③Some of the language learning approaches and methods bad on this view of language are:

基于功能主义理论的语⾔学习⽅法：

Communicative approaches交际法;

Functional-notional syllabus功能意念教学⼤纲;

The Natural Approach⾃然法.

3. The interactional view of language（交互语⾔理论）

The interactional view of language es language primarily as the means for establishing and maintaining interpersonal

relationships and for performing social