2023年4月18日发(作者：厘米英寸换算)英语时态讲解：过去将来时
一、如何理解过去将来时
过去将来时表药店管理
示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在
的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。 一般过去将来时
的出发点是过去，即从过去某一时刻看以后要发生的动作或状态。
“过去将来”是一个比较奇怪的概念。你可能知道什么叫“过
去”，也可能知道什么叫“将来”，但可能不明白什么叫“过去将
来”。
根据字面意思来理解，“过去将来”就是指过去的将来，指的是
以过去时间为基点将要发生的情况。比如你说“我明天去”，这个
“明天”属于将来；如果你说“我那天说过我第二天会去的”，这个
“第二天”在现在看来，就是属于过去将来。请看：
I will go tomorrow. 我明天去。
I said that I would go the next day. 我说过第二天会去的。
上面第一句用的是一般将来时，第二句的宾语从句用的则是过去
将来时。
二.过去将来时句式变换
过去将来时的构成（例句如下：）
肯定句：主语+be（was，were）going to+动词原形+其它
或：主语+would（should would）+动词原形+其它
否定句：主语+be not（wasn‘t，weren’t）以下六种时态考
察较少+动词眷村
原形+其他
或：主语+would（should或could）not+动词原形 +其它
疑问句：Be（Was，Were）+主语+going to+动词原形+其它
或：Would（Should could）+主语+动词原形+其它
三.过去将来时用法
1. 表示过去将来：即表示从过去观点看将要发生的情况或动作。
如：
It was six o’clock. The sun would soon t. 这时是六点钟，太
阳即将落山。
In Berlin, he first met the woman whom he would one day
marry. 在柏林，他第一次遇见那个女人，后来他终于跟她结了婚。
2. 表示过去的习惯：即表示过去的动作习惯或倾向。如：
When I worked on a farm, I ud to get up at 我在农场
劳动时，总是早上5点钟起床。
Most often we would find him lying on a couch, reading. 我
们经常看到他躺在一张长沙发上看书。
在该用法中，有时也可用ud to代替would，但是当表示过去
的状态或今昔对比时，只能用ud to。如：
She ud to be a thin girl, but now she’s on the fatty side.
她曾是个苗条女孩，但现在却变得很胖。
四.过去将梦见尿尿
来时常见结构
1、"would+动词原形"表示过去将来时
"would+动词原形"构成过去将来时，常表示根据计划或安排即将
发生的事。
例1：He said he would come to e me.他说他要来看我。
例2：He told me he would go to Beijing.他告诉我他将去北京。
2、"was /were+going to+动词原形"表示过去将来时
"was /were+going to+动词原形"也可表示根据计划或安排即将
发生的事。
I thought it was going to rain. 我想要下雨了。
"was /were+going to+动词原形"还可表示根据当时情况判断有
可能但不一定会发生某事。
例：It emed as if it was going to rain.看来好像要下雨。
3、某些动词的过去进行时可表示过去将来时
come,go,leave,arrive,start等严格按照时间表发生的表起止的动
词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。
例1：He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.
他说火车第二天早晨出发。
例2：She told me she was coming to e me.她告诉我她要来
看我。
4. was / were about to + 动词原形：表示在过去看来即将要发生
的动作，由于本身已含有“即将”的意味，所以不再表示具体的过去
时间状语连用。如：
I was about to go to bed when the phone rang. 电话铃响时我
正好要上床睡。
I couldn’t go to Tom’s party as I was about to go into
hospital. 我就要住院，所以不能参加汤姆办的晚会了。
5. was / were +现在分词：表示在过去看来即将发生的动作。如：
Jack said he was leaving tomorrow. 杰克说他打算明天动身。
She didn’t say whether she was coming to lunch. 她没有说
她是否来吃午饭。
注意，并不是所有动词都具有这样的用法，通常可用于该句型中
动词是come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, clo, open, die,
join, borrow, buy等瞬间动词。
英语时态讲解:过去将来进行时
一.过去将来进行时概述
过去将来进行时：表示就过去某一时间而言，将来某一时刻或某
一段时间正在进行的动作，主要用宾语从句中，尤其多用于间接引语
中。
He asked me what I would be doing when he came the next
day.他问我当他第二天来的时候我会干什么？
二.过去将来进行时构成
过去将来进行时由“should/would+be+v-ing”构成
否定形式是should/would not + be+ v-ing。
He said he would be tting off on the 9 o’clock train.他说
他将乘坐9点钟的火车走。
三.过去将来进行时基本用法：
用于间接引语：They said they would be coming.（他们说了他
们将要来。）
用于定语从句：The new job he would be taking was raising
racing hors.（他将要接受的新工作是养赛马。 ）
1. 过去将来进行时可以表示在过去某一时间之后即将进行的动作：
例如：He said he could not come becau he would be
having a meeting.（他说他不能来因为要开会。）
2. 过去将来进行时表示在过去将来某一时间正在发生的动作：它
常和表过去将来的时间状语连用，但上下文清楚时，时间状语亦可省
略。和将来进行时一样，它也常表计划中的事，不表意愿或打算。它
还有一个特点，即常用在宾语从句（尤其是间接引语）中。
例如：John told us that Mary would be coming next day.（约
翰告诉我们玛丽第二天来。）
3. 过去将来进行时有时也可用在其它从句中：
用在定语从句中：The new name he would be using was Jack
Jones.（他将用的新名是杰克琼斯。）
用在状语从句中：He would pay the rest as he would be
leaving France.（其余款项，他将在离开法国时付清。）
4. 过去将来进行时也可用在独立句中：
例如：The car started. Ellen James would be driving off to the
university.（车子发动了。埃伦詹姆斯要开车到大学去。）
英语时态讲解:过去将来完成时
一.过去将来完成时基本结构
should / would have done sth.
二.过去将来完成时用法
1、 过去将来完成时表示在过去将来某一时间以前发生的动作，
并往往会对过去将来某一时间产生影响。
He said he would let me have the book as soon as he had
read it. 他说书一看完就借给我。
He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock. 他告诉
他们他会在8点以前干完。
I guesd that Helen would have told her something. 我猜海
伦会告诉她一些情况的。
2、 过去将来完成时还常用在虚拟语气中，表示与过去的事实相
反。
If I had en him this anteroom, I would have told him about
it. 今天下午我要是见到他，我会
告诉他那件事的。
英语时态讲解:过去将来完成进行时
一、过去将来完成进行时的构成
过去完成进行时由should/would have been + v-ing构成；
否定形式should/would+not have been + v-ing；
疑问形式是将should/would提前
He said that by the end of the spring term he would have
been studying English for three years. 他说到了春季学期末，他就
学了三年英语了。
I knew by that time he would have been working there for 30
years. 我知道到那时他他就在那儿工作满30年了。
She told me she’d have been teaching in that university for
20 years by that summer. 她告诉我到年年夏天她在那所大学教书就
满20年了。
二.过去将来完成进行时基本用法
过去将来完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过
去将来某一时间。动作是否继续下去，视上下文而定。如：
He said that by the end of the spring term he would have
been studying English for three years.
他说到春季（即下）学期末，他将学了信念的名言
三年英语了。
He told me that by the end of the year. he would have been
living there for thirty years.
他告诉我，到年底他在那里住了有30年了。
三、间接引语与过去将来完成进行时
在间接引语中，若主句为过去时态，则用于宾语从句中的间接引
语则要把将来完成进行时改为过去将来完成进行时。如：
I know by this time next week you’ll have been working
here for 30 years.
→I knew by that 观沧海书法
time he would have been working there for
30 years.
She will have been teaching in this university for 20 years by
this summer.
→She told me she’d have been teaching in that university
for 20 years by that summer.
四、过去将红酒养生
来完成进行时与虚拟语气
在特定的语境中，有时过去将来完成进行时可用虚拟语气中。如：
At the time of the accident I was sitting in the back of the car，
becau Tom’s little boy was sitting beside him in front. If
Tom’s boy had not been there I would have been sitting in
front. 事故发生的时候，我坐在车子的后座，因为汤姆的小儿子坐在
前边他的身旁。要是汤姆的孩子没坐在那里的话，我就会坐在前面了。
五、过去将来完成进行时的情态意义
“would have been+现在分词”结构除用于表示过去将来完成
进行时外，有时其中的 would 也可能是情态动词，具有情态意义，比
较表示推测或猜想等。如：
“What interesting job have you found?” Helen asked him;
he knew she would have been thinking about it. “你找到什么有
趣的工作啦?”海伦向他问道。他知道海伦一定会一直想这件事的。
六、过去将来完成进行时补充例句
过去将来完成进行时不是一个常用时态，一般语法书也讲得到很
少，所以能找到的大病申请
权威例句也很少。为满足部分高级读者朋友的需要，
我们特从“英国国家语料库”中查了部分例句，供大家参考：
Latterly, they would have been reading Virgin books,
watching Virgin videos and Virgin films.
New York was swathed in sunlight and the heat would have
been stifling had it not been for a gentle easterly breeze blowing
in from the Atlantic.
Maybe we, it may well be that you were with other people, I
wonder what sort of things if you were in a con山竹什么味道
dition of speaking,
what sort of things you would have been saying to them.
Obviously no expen was being spared to make the night a
success, and in different circumstances she would have been
looking forward to it, but now, as silence ttled over the car, she
could feel herlf growing ten
