新概念第四册

新概念英语第四册课后习题答案

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新概念4笔记

Unit1Findingfossilman

一、重点单词解释

1、recount：v.叙述

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注意读音,重音在后;英语中有“名前动后”之说,重音在前是名词,重音在后是动词;例如：

record

recount：emotionless

describe：alittleemotional

depict：同上

narrate：temporal&spacial时间和空间顺序narrative

portray：像画肖像一样地描述,最强烈

2、anthropologist：人类学家

注意构词：anthrop=人

philosopher＝philo＋sopher＝爱＋智慧＝哲学家

philanthropist＝phil＋anthrop＝爱＋人＝慈善家

anthropology人类学

3、ancestor：祖先

an－在前面；fore－在前面

同义词：forefather,forebear

4、flint：燧石,打火石

flintingheart心太励志语录 硬,残忍无比、歹毒

近义词：cobble鹅卵石

Don'tactasyouweretheonlypebbleonthebeach.不要太自以为是

5、rot：腐烂

Leavemerot.=Leavemealone.

Rottodeath.自生自灭;

Soonripe,soonrotten.早慧早衰;

Heisrottontocore.他坏透顶了;

同义词：decay；

decompo：分解；

deteriorate：关系恶化同学们自己查查它的读音

6、trace：痕迹

tracetheproblem.用作动词,跟踪,找到毛病的根源

Ifollowyourtrace＝Ifollowwhereveryougo

二、课文重点难点分析

Wecanreadofthingsthathappened5,000yearsagointheNearEast,wherepeoplefirst

learnedtowrite.

1、readof读到

相似用法：谈到speakof、talkof、了解到knowof、听说过hearof

2、知识点：NearEast：Mediterranean,SouthEurope,NorthAfrica

MiddleEast：WestAsia

FarEast：Chian,Japan,Korea

3、where从句是非限制性从句表原因：我们能够....,因为那里的人们首先学会了书写;

4、补充练习：翻译－口语早于书面语出现

翻译一：Oralspokenlanguageiarlierthanwrittenlanguage.

翻译二：Oralspokenlanguageiarlierthanwrittencounterpart.

同学们自己查字典学习－counterpart这个词

twothingsortwopeoplehavethesamepositionTheonlywaythattheycanprervetheir

historyistorecountitassagas--legendshandeddownfromonegenerationof

story-tellerstoanother.

5、prerve保留、保存、腌制prervedvegetables腌菜

6、本句结构是：主、系、表结构

如果句子中有only,那么后面跟的表语结构要用todosth.不能用doingsth.

7、handeddown定语＝legendswherearehandeddown

8、story-teller讲故事的人fortune-teller、palmreader算命先生

Thelegendsareufulbecautheycantellussomethingabout

migrationsofpeoplewholivedlongago,butnonecouldwritedown

whattheydid.

9、migration：移民

注意几个相关词汇：

migrantbird：侯鸟

immigrant：移民移入

emigrant：移民移出

同学们仔细体会这几个词的差异,因为我知道很多同学学英语,打算出国留学、办移民,所以这几

个词将大蒜的腌制方法 来会经常用到;

10、none＝nobody

AnthropologistswonderedwheretheremoteancestorsofthePolynesian

peoples民族no巨蟹摩羯 wlivinginthePacificIslandscamefrom.

11、Polynesianpeoples：people＋s复数表示民族;

Butthefirstpeoplewhowerelikeourlveslivedsolongago

thateventheirsagas,iftheyhadany,areforgotten.

12、重要句型：iftheyhadany插入语表示强调-‘即便是有’

Hisrelatives,ifhehadany,neverwenttovisithimwhenhewashospitalized.

Soarchaeologistshaveneitherhistorynorlegendstohelpthemtofindoutwherethe

first''modernmen''camefrom.

13、neither：读音,英音ai,美音i:还有either这个词

14、find与findout的区别：findout指千方百计、费尽周折后找到=explore

15、modernmen＝whowerelikeourlves

Fortunately,

16、知识点：表示转折的连接词－however、but、yet

规律：but、yet不要加任何标点,onlyatthebeginningofntence

howerver:放在anywhereyouwant,加逗号

therefore和so的用法同上,therefore可以放任何地方；so只在句首

17、tool小工具instrument实验器械equipment设备

18、mayhave表推测

Theymayalsohaveudwoodandskins.古今名联 ..

19、peel果皮leather皮革hide兽皮cowhide牛皮

Stonedoesnotdecay,andsothetoolsoflongagohaveremainedwheneventhebones

ofthemenwhomadethemhavedisappearedwithouttrace.

20、withoutanytrace

Irunafterthethief,butheturnedthecorneranddisappearedwithouttrace.

Lesson2:Sparethatspider

Newwordsandexpressions生词短语flocksandherds牛群和羊群／flCk/thebird

softhesamefeatherflocktogether.物以类聚,人以群分youarethesameflock.

也可指人herd多指牛群cowherdcowboythrongandcrowdswarmowe/U/vt.感激欠Iow

uabigfavor.欠issueobligeindebtappreciate----常用口语词正

式：gratefulthankfulbeast/bi:st/n兽形容人野蛮无比,不能用animal形容creatur

e可以指小孩,女人,不用于男性．fraction/＇frAkFn/n.小部分分数,小数afraction

ofricewillsufficeonone＇sbehalf代表．．．利益

Ib老年人就业 eatyouonyourbehalf.我打你是为你好onbehalfofsomebody/something

onbehalfofchinegovernmentonbehalfof＝reprent

authority/C:＇WCriti/n.权威authorize批准authoritative权威性的authoritarian

独裁的

－tarian带有这种词缀的词都是坏词dictator独裁者dictatorial独裁的

authorities１．权威可单数可复数２．当局复数

census/nss/n.统计数据thefifthnationalpopulation审查

censorious挑剔的,定性思维 挑刺的

acre/＇eik/n.英亩１acre＝４０４７squaremeters

footballpitch足球场footballyardfootballcourtfootballfield

becontentwith满足于满足作表语,不能出现定语结构

Heiscontentwithstatusheart:心满意足的人

spare/spZ/v.不伤害,宽恕sparemeHedoesn’tsparehimlf.

oefforts:不遗余力作什么

Notesonthetext课文注释

why,youmaywonder－youmaywonderwhy插入语先不管插入语,弄清句子结构

youmaywonderwhyspidersshouldbeourfriends插入语位置不固定

why以疑问句开头

why,youmaywonder,theproblemofpollutionbefallshumanbeings.

why,youmaywonder,oneofmyfriendsissokindhearted.

destroy程度比damage要重得多,片甲不留,消灭光tearintopieces

dearenemy

greatestenemies:天敌dyingenemycryingenemy

humanrace:人的种族,一般不加复数,表示一个总称词

impossible和possible永远不要以人开头

Itisimpossibleforsomebodytodosomething.

likely可以以人做主语;le也不以人做主语

theywould表示假设

devour狼吞虎咽devourthefood

makeacakeofmylfmakeagodofmylfdevourthebook

it虚拟语气前面是主句,下面是条件句

前面一般的加动词devour,后面用一般过去时

Ifitwerenotfor:如果这不是因为

Iwouldnotsurviveifitwerenotforhistimelyhelp.

butfor一定是虚拟语气＝ifitwerenotfor

owe感激,欠ioweyou.

引出主题allofthemputtogether:把他们堆到一起

destroyed后置定语浙菜代表菜 ,重心转到spider谓语动词是kill

Lesson3Matterhornman

Newwordsandexpressions生词短语

1、alpinist/'$lpinist/n．登山运动员

词根：alp-

climbermountaineer

Alps/$lps/n．阿尔卑斯山脉Alpine/$lpain/adj．阿尔卑斯山的

2、attain/+'tein/v．到达togetto

toarriveat/in

toattainone’sgoal=realize

attainyouth永葆青春

toattainthetop/peak/summit达到顶点

attainmentnattainments成就accomplishment

3、perilous/'peril+s/adj．危险的peril

随时可能出现的危险

avalanche雪崩

4、shudder/'Md+/v．不寒而栗shudder:quickandsudden

tremble:longandveryobvious

5、gooutofone’sway

专门bytheway顺路toomuchforme受不起

6、courtmultiplemeanings多义词

朝廷朝臣courtier

courteous彬彬有礼的

法庭

娱乐场足球场soccer/footballcourt高尔夫球场golfcourt

追求

招致骄兵必败pridecourtsfailure

sol-独

solo独唱

独奏

7、solitary/'s&lrt+ri/adj．唯一的

solitude孤独

Iliveinsolitude.=Ilivealonelylife.

8、pioneer/

pai+'n+/v．开辟,倡导；n．先锋,开辟者

9、impoverish/$m'p&v+rM/v．使贫困

poor口语词complete

罗素名言：Agreatmanymanwillcheerfullyfaceinpoverishmentiftheycancure

ruinfortheirrival,henceprentleveloftaxation.

许多人会高兴的面对贫困,如果他们能使对手落魄,因此出现了现在的税收水平;

10、coar/k&:s/adj．粗劣的

coarthroat嗓子哑

sorethroat

coarfare

嗓子发炎

粗粮

refinedfair细粮coarandrefined

inacoarmanner粗暴无礼

用法：以人作主语,夸耀；以物作主语,拥有

11、boast/b+ust/v．自恃有

Heboastedthatofhisknowledge.

Thecenterboastsateamofhighqualifyqualifiedrearchers.

12、parishioner/p+riM+n+/n．教区居民

13、shepherd/'M挥手告别 ep+d/n．牧羊人

14、linen/'linin/n．亚麻布床单

parish教区

羊herd

兽群

sheepshep

Notesonthetext课文注释

1、Route路线Road道路

2、goodsports:stimulus刺激thrilling震撼、兴奋

3、regardregardsbwithsth感情词lovehatredhorrorrespect

Dad,Iregardyouwithhorror.爸爸,我很害怕你;

4、pineeringdays,ancient先人时期

5、notatall根本不ca这回事

6、bedoing表达当时的行动状态

7、top:顶点summit山顶peak山顶

Thesceneryisatthepeakofthemountain.无限风光在险峰;

Iamatthetopoftheworld.我在世界之巅;Summitmeeting峰会

8、attain到达conquer征服

9、beofthemostperilousnaturenature特点、特性themostperilousdifficultiesanddangers

学会beofthe+adj+noun结构Heisthekindestman.=Heisthemanofthekindestman.

10、equipped表示当时的一种伴随;

11、inamanner以这样的方式

12、makesbdosth省to结构

13、atthethought一想到,mention一提到,idea一想到

这个结构后面加介词of原文即atthethoughtoftheirpoorequipment

14、gooutofone’sway刻意intentionallyeyecatching引人注目的

15、thereallivingconditions真实生存状况

16、nowadays插入语,现在回想起来,可在句首、句末

17、exceptfor把其中的一部分扣除

18、tendtobe倾向于

19、ttlement生存地、驻扎地

20、cutoff=whicharecutoff

21、flearidden跳蚤

22、astheywere可以这么说,插入语还有asitwere

Thisbookis,asitwere,hislifeportrait.这本书,可是说,是他的人生写照;

23、local当地的

24、wine低度酒alcohol酒精alcoholic酒鬼

25、boast拥有priest牧师shepherd牧羊人invariably=allthesame

26、dirtandpoverty,andveryuncomfortable结构不符合习惯,不可学

27、cour一道菜

28、musthavebeen表推测

29、beaccustomedto,beudto+名词、动名词

IamudtothelifeinamudtolivinginBejing.

30、早餐：scratchameal中午餐：snack快餐晚餐：dinner

31、thechangeto

Educationbringsgreatchangetohisoutlook/viewonlife.

教育使他的面貌对生活的看法产生了很大变化;