2020年大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案

2024年3月9日发(作者：宁誉)

As the pace of life continues to increa ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit

of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is

esntial for a healthy mind and body.

Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is

often suppod to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpo to life. It is only

when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not

afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lo

heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When expod to stress,in whatever form,we react both

chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the

choice made the difference between life or death. The cris we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but

however little the stress,it involves the same respon. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued

exposure to stress,that health becomes rious conditions as high blood pressure and heart

dia have established links with we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwi to

do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.

are finding less and less time for relaxing themlves becau_____.

do not know how to enjoy themlves

do not believe that relaxation is important for health

are travelling fast all the time

are becoming busier with their work

ing to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.

fearing stress

g the art of relaxation

n of responsibility

control over performance

of the follwing statements is ture?

can find some ways to avoid stress

is always harmful to people

is easy to change the hagit of keeping onelf busy with work.

ent people can withstand different amounts of stress

Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.

a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"

b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"

c."responding to cris quickly"

d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"

the last ntence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.

a."expo ourlves to stress"

b."find ways to deal with stress"

c."remove stress from our lives"

d."established links between dias and stress"

答案：dadbc

In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the

Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American

society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes,"

where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in

southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller

they built domeshaped hous from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Key's Merry

Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itlf the Hog Farm, lived

in old school hus and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped

organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to ttle down on a farm in

Tenne, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.

Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune

founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was bad on the ideas of psychologist r. The people who

lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were

good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city

Arizsona where 2500 people will live cloly together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri

believes that people must live cloly together so that they will all become one.

did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?

were not satisfied with American society.

wanted to grow marijuana.

wanted to go to the Vietnam War.

did not want all people to be equal.

did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?

dome-shaped hou

old school hus

a farm inTenne

an archology in Arizona

gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped hou?

Soleri

r

Gaskin

nster Fuller

was the Twin Oaks commune ba on ?

philosophy of "do your own thing"

aia in the late 1960s

ideas of psychologist

belief that people must live cloly togerher.

is an "archology"?

a.A person who studies archaeology

b.A large building where people live cloly together

c.A city in A rizona

d.A technique to contorl people

答案：abdcb

There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born

with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain

he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So

the cond factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an

individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain

the level of intelligence of which he is capable.

The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the

ca history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth,

and their growth process were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they

were placed in parate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity

with poor educational was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college.

He was read to as a child , nt to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated

enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tets to

measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty

points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would

have tested at roughly the same level.

lection can best be titled_________.

ing Your Intelligence

igence and Environment

Ca of Peter and Mark

the brain Influences Intelligence

beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.

brains differ considerably

brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligence

nment is crucial in determining a person's intelligence

d. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence

ing to the passage , the average _____.

a.85

b.100

c.110

d.125

ca history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.

dual with identical brains ldom test at same level

individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviroment

of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence

s of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain

passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.

be predicted at birth

the same throuthout his life

be incread by education

determined by his childhood

答案：bcbcc

As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choo a suitable

Christmas prent for her wish that he was as easy to plea as her mother, who was always

delighted with perfume

Besides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your

toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.

Partly to have a rest, Edith paud in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They

are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past

experience that her choice of ties hardly ever plead her father.

She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered

round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did

not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a prent

which was bund to plea him.

When she got home,with her small well-chon prent concealed in her handbag, her parents were

already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided

to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.

's father _______.

not like prent

got prent

red ties

difficult to choo a prent for

assistant spoke to Edith becau she emed_______.

tive

sted in ties

need of comfort

stopped at the next counter_________.

ly

ly

ingly

ntally

's father smoked a pipe_______.

he was obliged

social occasions

time to time

he was delighted

ng was very disagreeable at that time of the year becau_______.

mers trod on each other's toes

mers poked each other with their elbows

ers knocked each other

ers were doing their shopping in a great hurry

答案：dbdcd

If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its prent rate, there will eventually not be enough

resources left to sustain life on the the middle of the 21st century,if prent trends continue, we will

have ud up all the oil that drives our cars,for if scientists develop new ways of feeding the

human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere

el. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at prent. One possible

solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.

Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the

atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itlf. The difficult is that Venus is

much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.

Sagan propos that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same

time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to tho on soon as this has been done, the

algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the

atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.

When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can t foot on

Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for

man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on

Venus.

long run, the most insoluble problem caud by population growth on earth will probably be the lack

of ______.

ces

Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth becau _____

might be possible to change its atmosphere

atmosphere is the same as the earth's

is a good supply of water on Venus

days on Venus are long enough

Venus there is a lot of ________.

dioxide

monoxide

are plants that can____.

in very hot temperatures

in very cold temperatures

cture oxygen

of the above

5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.

algae have done their work

atmosphere becomes cooler

s oxygen

rains there

答案：cabdd