英语四级考试真题试卷附答案

2024年3月9日发(作者：殳胤执)

英语四级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版 第1套)

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a local farm organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

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Part III Reading prehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this ction, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to lect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Plea mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not u any of the words in the bank more than once.

The center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away. It has __26__ from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where lf-driving vehicles are ing to life.

In a __27__ to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced __28__ that could make their state the best place

in the country, if not the world, to develop lf-driving vehicles and

put them on the road.

"Michigan's __29__ in auto rearch and development is under attack from veral states and countries which desire to __30__ our leadership in transportation. We can't let that happen," says Senator

Mike Kowall, the lead __31__ of four bills recently introduced.

If all four bills pass as written, they would __32__ a substantial update of Michigan's 2013 law that allowed the testing of lf-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturers would have nearly total freedom to test their lf-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to nd groups of lf- driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even t up on-demand __33__ of lf-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.

Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the mercial application of lf-driving technology. In __34__ , California, home of Silicon Valley, recently propod far more __35__ rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and ban mercial u of lf-driving technology.

A) bid

B) contrast

C) deputy

D) dominance

E) fleets

F) knots

G) legislation

H) migrated

I) replace

J) reprent

K) restrictive

L) reward

M) significant

N) sponsor

O) transmitted

Section B

Directions: In this ction, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the

information is derived. You may choo a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by

marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100

A) Today in the United States there are 72,000 centenarians (百岁老人). Worldwide, probably 450,000. If current trends continue, then

by 2050 there will be more than a million in the US alone. According to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his co-rearchers,

50% of babies born in the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104

or more. Broadly the same holds for the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Canada, and for Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live to 107.

B) Understandably, there are concerns about what this means for public finances given the associated health and pension challenges. The challenges are real, and society urgently needs to address them. But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happens when so many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simply equate longevity (长

寿) with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all of life, not just the end of it.

C) Our view is that if many people are living for longer, and are healthier for longer, then this will result in an inevitable redesign of work and life. When people live longer, they are not only older for longer, but also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying that “70 is the new 60” or “40 the new 30.” If you age more slowly over a longer time period, then you are in some n younger for longer.

D) But the changes go further than that. Take, for instance, the age at which people make mitments such as buying a hou, getting married, having children, or starting a career; The are all fundamental mitments that are now occurring later in life. In 1962,

50% of Americans were married by age 21. By 2014, that milestone (里程碑) had shifted to age 29.

E) While there are numerous factors behind the shifts, one factor is surely a growing realization for the young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held. So if you believe you will live longer, then options bee more valuable, and early mitment bees less attractive. The result is that the

mitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed, and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life are emerging for tho in their twenties.

F) Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement, and not only for financial reasons. Yes, unless people are prepared to save a lot more, our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s, then you are likely to work until your early 70s; and if you are in your

early 20s, there is a real chance you will need to work until your late 70s or possibly even into your 80s. But even if people are able to

economically support a retirement at 65, over thirty years of potential inactivity is harmful to cognitive (认知地) and emotional vitality. Many people may simply not want to do it.

G) And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is

appealing. Just lengthening that cond stage of full-time work may cure the financial asts needed for a 100-year life, but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible asts such as productive skills, vitality, happiness, and friendship.

H) The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single shot of education, administered in childhood and early adulthood, will

be able to support a sustained,

60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates of technological change, either your skills will bee unnecessary, or your industry

outdated. That means that everyone will, at some point in their life, have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.

I) It ems likely, then’ that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into multiple stages containing two, three, or even more different careers. Each of the stages could potentially be different. In one the focus could be on building financial success and personal achievement, in another on creating a better work/life balance, still

another on exploring and understanding options more fully, or being an independent producer, yet another on making a social contribution. The stages will span ctors, take people to different cities, and provide a foundation for building a wide variety of skills.

J) Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals (休假) as people find time to rest and recharge their health, re-invest in their relationships, or improve their skills. At times, the breaks

and transitions will be lf-determined, at others they will be forced as existing roles, firms, or industries cea to exist.

K) A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career, but also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and even wele it. A three-stage life has few transitions, while a multi-stage life has many. That is why being lf-aware, investing in broader works of friends, and being open to new ideas will bee even more crucial skills.

L) The multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply becau there are so many ways of quencing the stages. More stages mean more possible quences.

M) With this variety will e the end of the clo association of age

and stage. In a three-stage life, people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers and family

at the same age, they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time, and then move into retirement within a few years of each other. In a multi-stage life, you could be an undergraduate at 20, 40, or 60; a manager at 30,

50, or 70; and bee an independent producer at any age.

N) Current life structures, career paths, educational choices, and social norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer lifespans. The three-stage life of full-time education, followed by continuous work, and then plete retirement may have worked for our parents or even grandparents, but it is not relevant today. We believe

that to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss

its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older for longer. It is about living longer, being older later, and being younger longer.

36. An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers than now.

37. Just extending one's career may have both positive and negative effects.

38. Nowadays, many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some eight years.

39. Becau of their longer lifespan» young people today no longer follow the pattern of life of their parents or grandparents.

40. Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by the mid-21st century.

41. A longer life will cau radical changes in people's approach to life.

42. Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to constantly upgrade their skills.

43. Many people may not want to retire early becau it would do harm to their mental and emotional well-being.

44. The clo link between age and stage may cea to exist in a multi-stage life.

45. People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange their work and life.

Section C

Directions: In this ction, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general the passage is read for the cond time,you

are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just

heard. Finally,when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are bad on the following passage.

In the classic marriage vow (誓约), couples promi to stay together in sickness and in health. But

a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples ris

when the wife—not the husband— bees riously ill.

"Married women diagnod with a rious health condition may find

themlves struggling with the impact of their dia while also experiencing the stress of divorce," said rearcher Amelia Karraker.

Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.

The rearchers examined how the ont (发生) of four rious physical illness affected marriages. They found that, overall,

31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic (慢性地) illness ont incread over time as well, with more husbands than wives developing rious health problems.

"We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness," Karraker said.

"They're more likely to be widowed, and if they're the ones who bee ill, they're more likely to get divorced."

While the study didn't asss why divorce is more likely when wives but not husbands bee riously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reasons.

"Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spous," Karraker

said.

"And becau of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women."

Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between dia and risk of divorce.

"Offering support rvices to spous caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages," she said.

"But it's also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce

may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and rvices to prevent worning health and incread health costs."

46. What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?

A) They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.

B) They are as binding as they ud to be.

C) They are not taken riously any more.

D) They may help couples tide over hard times.

47. What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands?

A) They are generally not good at taking care of themlves.

B) They can bee increasingly vulnerable to rious illness.

C) They can develop different kinds of illness just like their wives.

D) They are more likely to contract rious illness than their wives.

48. What does Karraker say about women who fall ill?

A) They are more likely to be widowed.

B) They are more likely to get divorced.

C) They are less likely to receive good care.

D) They are less likely to bother their spous.

49. Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spous according to Karraker?

A) They are more accustomed to receiving care.

B) They find it more important to make money for the family.

C) They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.

D) They expect society to do more of the job.

50. What does Karraker think is also important?

A) Reducing marital stress on wives.

C) Providing extra care for divorced women.

B) Stabilizing old couples' relations.

D) Making men pay for their wives, health costs.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are bad on the following passage.

If you were like most children, you probably got upt when your

mother called you by a sibling's (兄弟姐妹地) name. How could she not know you? Did it mean she loved you less?

Probably not. According to the first rearch to tackle this topic head-on, misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a mon cognitive (认知地) error that has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names.

The study, published online in April in the journal Memory and Cognition, found that the "wrong" name is not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond: children, siblings, friends. The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychological significance to the mistake, says psychologist David Rubin,

"but it does tell us who's in and who's out of the group."

The study also found that within that group, misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and J

oanie or John and Bob. Physical remblance between people was

not a factor. Nor was gender.

The rearchers conducted five parate surveys of more than 1,700 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; others were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects about incidents where someone clo to them—family or friend—had

called them by another person's name. The other surveys asked about times when subjects had themlves called someone clo to them by the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up

names within relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly ever crosd the boundaries.

In general, the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women.

Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often, but that may be becau grandparents have more grandchildren to mix up than parents have children. Also, mothers may call on their children more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms. There was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer

was frustrated, tired or angry.

51. How might people often feel when they were misnamed?

A) Unwanted.

B) Unhappy.

C) Confud.

D) Indifferent.

52. What did David Rubin's rearch find about misnaming?

A) It is related to the way our memories work.

B) It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.

C) It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.

D) It often caus misunderstandings among people.

53. What is most likely the cau of misnaming?

A) Similar personality traits.

B) Similar spellings of names.

C) Similar physical appearance.

D) Similar pronunciation of names.

54. What did the surveys of more than 1,700 subjects find about misnaming?

A) It more often than not hurts relationships.

B) It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.

C) It is most frequently found in extended families.

D) It most often occurs within a relationship group.

55. Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers?

A) They suffer more frustrations.

B) They bee worn out more often.

C) They municate more with their children.

D) They generally take on more work at home.

Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a

passage from Chine into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

舞狮作为中国传统民间表演已有2000多年历史。在狮子舞中,两位表演者同披一件狮子服,一个舞动头部,另一个舞动身体与尾巴。它们熟练配合,模仿狮子地各种动作。狮子是兽中之王,象征幸福与好运,所以人们通常在春节与其它节日期间表演狮子舞。狮子舞也可能出现在其它重要场合,如商店开业与结婚典礼,往往吸引许多人观赏。

2019年6月四级部分真题参考答案(完整版)

Part Ⅰ Writing

A Visit to Guangming Farm Opens Students' Eyes

Sponsored by the Student Union, a total of 30 students paid a visit to Guangming Farm, a local farm 50 kilometers away from our university on June 8, 2019.

Guangming Farm is a state-owned farm mainly planting crops such

as wheat and corn and producing milk and dairy products. During this visit, students saw the grand farmland and were deeply Impresd by the modern agricultural technology and the pletely automotive operation of wheat harvest in particular. The trip culminated in

a visit to a manufacturing process of dairy products. Mary, a student from the Department of Foreign Languages, said at the thought of

agriculture, what occurred to her was the images of sweating peasants laboring in their field under the Sun. However, this trip totally changed her stereotype of Chine agriculture.

The trip of fieldwork deepens college students' understanding of the rapid social development by what they have witnesd in person,

and will exert an ever-lasting influence upon their future study and work.

Part Ⅱ Listening prehension

1. A

2. A

3. B

4. D

5. C

6. B

7. D

8. C

9. A

10. B

11. A

12. C

13. D

14. B

15. D

16. C

17. B

18. A

19. D

20. B

21. C

22. D

23. C

24. A

25. B

Part III Reading prehension

26-35：HAGDI NJEBK

36-45：IGDNA KHFMC

46-55：ADBAC BADDC

Part IV Translation

The lion dance has been a traditional Chine folk art for more than 2000 years. In the lion dance, two performers share a lion costume, one moving the head and the other moving the body and tail. They skillfully cooperate to imitate the various movements of a lion. As the king of beasts, the lion symbolizes happiness and good luck, so people usually perform lion dances during the Spring Festival and other festivals. Lion dances can also be en on other important

occasions, such as store openings and wedding ceremonies, which often attract many people to watch.