2024年1月31日发(作者:伏灵芝)
商务英语实用写作1 商务英语100句 (NEW)2 证明的写法3 商务英语常见误译例析4 商业信函的7个“C”原则5 出差用语6 通知的写法7 面见客户时的实用英语8 Reorganization of a Partnership
通知9 付予代理权10 商务合同英译应注意的问题(一)11 商务合同英译应注意的问题(二)
12 商务合同英译应注意的问题(三)
13 私人和公务信函英文写(一)
14 私人和公务信函英文写(二)15 私人和公务信函英文写(三)
16 外企office常用英语(一)
17 外企office常用英语(二)
18 外企office电话英语19 商务方面口语和写作20 外贸价格术语21 网络中的广告术语22 怎样写最后的催款信23 电邮(书信)写作技巧24 商务谈判实例(一)公司改组
25 商务谈判实例(二)
26 商务谈判实例(三)27 商业书信常用开头28 出差常用商务用语29 怎样回复不合理的抱怨和索赔?30 邀请信范例
31 商务合同英译应注意的问题32 国际电话中的常用语33 外贸常见英文缩略词34 商务英语七日七语35 商务信件书写简要介绍36 商务方面口语和写作37 中英对照商标术语38 办公室术语常识
商务英语100句1 I want a package deal including airfare and hotel. 我需要一个成套服务,包括机票和住宿。2 I'd like to change this ticket to the first class. 我想把这张票换成头等车。3 I'd like to rerve a sleeper to Chicago.
我要预订去芝加哥的卧铺。4 I won't check this baggage. 这件行李我不托运。5 I'd like to sit in the front of the plane. 我要坐在飞机前部。6 I misd my train. 我未赶上火车。7 I haven't nothing to declare. 我没有要申报的东西。8 It's all personal effects. 这些东西都是我私人用的。9 I'll pick up ticket at the airport counter. 我会在机场柜台拿机票。10 I'd like two ats on today's Northwest Flight 7 to Detroit, plea. 我想订两张今天西北航空公司7班次到底特律的机票。11 We waited for John in the lobby of the airport. 我们在机场的大厅里等约翰。12 I'd like to buy an excursion pass instead.
我要买一张优待票代替。13 I'd like a refund on this ticket. 我要退这张票。14 I'd like to have a at by the window. 我要一个靠窗的座位。15 You have to change at Chicago Station. 你必须要在芝加哥站转车。16 We have only one a day for New York. 到纽约的一天只有一班。17 Sorry, they are already full. 抱歉,全部满了。18 I'd like to rerve a at to New York. 我要预订一个座位去纽约。19 The flight number is AK708 on September 5th. 班机号码是9月5日AK708。20 There's a ten thirty flight in the morning. 早上10点半有班机。21 I'm looking for my baggage。
我正在找我的行李。22 I'd like to make a rervation 我想预订。23 The sooner, the better. 越快越好。24 I'd like to change my rervation. 我想变更一下我的预订。25 I'd like to reconfirm my flight from London to Tokyo. 我要再确认一下我从伦敦到东京的班机。26 My rervation number is 2991. 我的预订号码是2991。27 I made a rervation in Tokyo. 我在东京预订的。28 I made rervations yesterday. 我昨天预订的。29 I want to rerve a at from Los Angeles to Tokyo. 我要预订一张从洛杉矶到东京的机票。30 I always have a big wash to do on Saturdays.
我星期六总是有一大堆的衣物要洗。31 The laundry is not dry enough. 衣服还没干。32 I put too much detergent in the washer. 我在洗衣机里放了太多的洗衣粉。33 This stain is really stubborn. 这污垢去不掉。34 I did three loads of wash today. 我今天洗了三次衣服。35 The train is comfortable. 坐火车很舒服。36 I checked my baggage in the baggage ction. 我在行李房托运行李。37 He guesd the train would come in early. 他猜想火车会很早到达。38 The stations are always full of people。 火车站里经常挤满了人。39 I hope you have a good trip.
祝你旅途愉快。40 You need to transfer at Central Station. 你必须在中央车站换车。41 How long are you going to stay here? 你要在这里停留多久?42 Do you have anything to declare? 你有东西要申报关税吗?43 What's the purpo of your visit? 你旅行的目的是什么?44 What time does the ship leave? 船什么时间启航?45 When will the ship leave for Honolulu? 这艘船什么时候出发去檀香山?46 Could you plea give me the departure time? 你能告诉我出发的时间吗?47 Do I need a rervation to go by ship? 我坐船去需要预订吗?48 How much for a one-way ticket to Shanghai?
去上海的单程票多少钱?49 When would you like to return? 你打算什么时候回来/去?50 Do you have any tickets available for that date? 你们有那天的票吗?51 Do you have any tickets available for that date? 你们有那天的票吗?52 How much does a round trip ticket to go there cost? 张去那边的往返票要多少钱?53 Would you take this coat to the cleaner's? 你可以把这件外套送到洗衣店吗?54 Will you iron out the wrinkles in this skirt? 可以帮我把这件裙子烫平吗?55 Won't you iron this shirt for me? 可以帮我烫这件衬衫吗?56 Will you bring the laundry in if it rains? 下雨时请你收一下衣服,好吗?57 Where am I suppod to pay the excess train fare?
我应该在哪里补票?58 Where can you pick up your suitca? 你在哪里取你的手提箱呢?59 When can you pick up your ticket? 你什么时候可拿到车票呢?60 Where is immigration? 入境处在什么地方?61 Where can I get my baggage? 我到哪里去拿我的行李呢?62 Is the departure time on schedule? 起飞时间准时吗?63 How long will the flight be delayed? 班机诞误多长时间?64 What's the cau of the delay? 什么原因延误?65 Will the flight be delayed? 这班机会延误吗?66 May I have baggage tags?
请给我行李标签好吗?67 Excu me, what time will the plane arrive in Tokyo? 对不起,请问飞机何时到达东京呢?68 Could you explain how to fill this out? 请你说明一下怎样填这张表好吗?69 May I have a customs declaration form, plea? 请给一份海关申报表好吗?70 May I have a dimbarkation card? 请给我一张离机卡好吗?71 Is this within the tax-free limit? 这个在免税限额内吗?72 Where''s a tax-free shop? 免税店在哪儿?73 What time should I be at the departure gate? 我在什么时间到登机门?74 Could you help me find my baggage? 请你帮我找我的行李好吗?75 Will the flight be canceled?
这班机会被取消吗?76 Would you plea make my rervation to Chicago for tomorrow? 请帮我预订明天去芝加哥的座位好吗?77 Do you have a flight to New York departing at about NextMonday? 你们有下周一大约下午10点起飞到纽约的班机吗?78 What''s the fare to New York, Economy Class? 去纽约的经济舱机票多少钱?79 Where do I pick up the ticket? 我什么地方拿机票?80 From which station does the train leave? 这列火车从哪个站开出呢?81 Can I stop over on the way? 我在中途可以停吗?82 Can I have a cond-class one way ticket to Chicago,plea? 请给我一张去芝加哥的单程二等票好吗?83 Are there any discount tickets for me? 给我有折扣吗?84 What time does the plane take off?
飞机何时起飞呢?85 One way or a round trip ticket? 单程票还是双程票呢?86 What time does the first train to Boston leave? 第一班去波士顿的列车什么时间开出呢?87 Is it direct train? 这是直达车吗?88 What platform does the train leave from? 这班车从哪个站台开出呢?89 By what time should I check in? 我该什么时间办理登机手续呢?90 What is th boarding time? 何时登机呢?91 How much is the excess baggage charge? 超额行李费多少钱?92 Will this flight leave on time? 这班机准时起飞吗?93 Can I bring this on the plane?
这件我可以带上飞机吗?94 What is the gate number? 登机门是几号?95 Are there rerved ats on the train? 车上有预订座位吗?96 Where is gate six? 6号登机门在哪儿?97 Where is the boarding gate for this flight? 这班飞机的登机门在哪儿?98 Has this at number started boarding? 这个座位号已开始登机了吗?99 Where is the ticket office? 售票处在哪儿?100 How long is the ticket valid? 这车票有效期多久?
证明的写法
证明书种类很多,有工作经历证明、工作经验证明、病情证明、留学生经济担保书、学业成绩证明书等等,是用来证明一个人的身份、学历、婚姻状况、身体情况等或某一件事情的真实情况。证明信的写法通常也采用一般信件格式,但多省掉收信人的姓名、地址和结束用语。称呼多用“To Whom It May Concern”意即“有关负责人”,但此项也可省略。写证明书要求言简意赅。 医生证明书 Doctor's Certificate June. 18, 2000 This is to certify that the patient, Mr. Tomas, male, aged 41, wasadmitted into our hospital on June. 9, 2000, for suffering from acuteappendicitis. After immediate operation and ten days of treatment, hehas got complete recovery and will be discharged on June. 19, is suggested that he rest for one week at home before resuming hiswork. Jack Hopkins Surgeon-in-charge 医生证明书 2000年6月18日 兹证明病人托马斯先生,男,41岁,因患急性阑尾炎,于2000年6月9日住院。经立即施行手术和十天治疗后,现已痊愈,将于2000年6月19日出院。建议在家休息一个星期后再上班工作。 主治医生:杰克·霍普金斯 公证书
Certificate (90)Lu Zi, No. 1130 This is to certificate that Mr. Zhao Qiangwen holds a diplomaissued to him in July, 1980 by Shandong University (Diploma No.064)and that we have carefully checked the al of the University andthe signature by President Zhou Yong n. Jinan Notary Public Office Shangdong Province the People's Republic of China Notary: Wang Fang May 2, 2000 公证书(90鲁公证字第1130号) 兹证明赵强文先生持有山东大学于1980年发给他的064号毕业文凭上的学校印签和校长周永森签字属实。 中华人民共和国 山东省济南市公证处 公证员:王芳 2000年5月2日
商务英语常见误译例析
笔者在商务英语教学中发现,外贸英语中有一些使用十分频繁的词汇
很容易被误译,原因是商务英语中相同的单词在不同情况下具有不同的含义。现将这些单词的不同用法和含义试加比较说明。 例一:floating It is not surprising, then, that the world saw a return to a floatingexchange rate system. Central banks were no longer required tosupport their own currencies. Floating policy is of great importance for export trade; it is, infact, a convenient method of insuring goods where a number ofsimilar export transactions are intended, e.g. where the insured has tosupply an overas importer under an exclusive sales agreement ormaintains sales reprentatives or subsidiary companies abroad. 译文: 在这种情况下,世界各国又恢复浮动汇率就不足为奇了。各国中央银行也就无须维持本币的汇价了。 统保单对出口贸易至关重要。它实际上是货物保险中的一种便利的办法,特别适合于分不同的时间出口的一批类似货物,如,当被保险方根据独家代理协议书向国外的进口方供货,或在国外委任了销售代表,设立分支机构时用之。 注解: floating 在上述两个句中的意思完全不一样,floating exchangerate 意为“浮动汇率”,即可自由浮动,完全受市场力量决定的汇率制度。而 floating policy 则指用以承保多批次货运的一种持续性长期保险凭证,常译为“统保单”。 例二:confirm We'd like to inform you that our counter sample will be nt toyou by DHL by the end of this week and plea confirm it ASAP so
that we can start our mass production. Payment will be made by 100% confirmed, irrevocable Letter ofCredit available by sight draft。 译文: 很高兴通知您,我们的回样将于本周末用特快专递给您,请尽快确认,以便我们开始大批生产。 付款方式为1O0% 即期,保兑,不可撤消信用证。 注解: confirmed 一词在这两句话的意思也不一样。在第一个句子中,confirm 的意思是“确认”。在第二个句子中,confirmed L/C 应翻译为“保兑信用证”,即指一家银行所开的由另一家银行保证兑付的一种银行信用证。 例三:negotiable Part time barman required.Hours and salary negotiable. This Bill of Lading is issued in a negotiable form, so it shallconstitute title to the goods and the holder, by endorment of thisB/L. 译文: 招聘兼职酒店保安,工作时间和薪水面议。 所签发的提单可为转让的,故只要在提单上背书, 便确定了货物和持票人的所有权。 注解:
在第一句话中,negotiable 的意思是“可商议的”,在第二句话中的意思则是“可转让的”,“可转让提单”经过背书后即可将所有权转让给他人,值得注意的是,negotiating bank 则是议付银行,即购买或贴现汇票的银行。 例四:discount You may get a 5% discount if your order is on a regular basis. If a ller extends credit to a time draft, they have made a tradeacceptance.The ller can request that the bank finance thetransaction by buying the draft.The bank is said to discount thedraft. 译文: 如果你方定期给我方下定单,你方便可得到 5% 的折扣。 如卖方开出的是远期汇票,以此向买方提供信用,此时就做了一笔商业汇票承兑业务,卖方可以请银行买下商业承兑汇票,银行用这个办法对出口商融资,也就是说,银行对该汇票贴现了。 注解: discount 在这两句话中的意思一个是折扣,另一个是贴现。折扣是指商品在原价的基础上按百分比降价,贴现则是指未到期的票据向银行融资,银行扣取自买进日至到期日的利息,并收取一定的手续费后,将余下的票面金额付给持票人。 例五:endor Our products have been endord by the National QualityInspection Association. Draft must be accompanied by full t original on board marineBill off Lading made out to order,endord in blank,marked freight
prepaid. 译文: 我们的产品为全国质量检查协会的推荐产品。 汇票必须附有全套印有“货物收讫”字样的正本海运提单,凭指示、空白背书,并写明“运费已付”。 注解: 在第一个句子中,“推荐”是指用过某种产品后感到满意,并通过媒体介绍给公众。而第二句中的“空白背书明是指背书人 (endorr) 只在票据背面签上自己的名字,而不注明特定的被背书人 (endore)。 例六:average If a particular cargo Is partially damaged,the damage is calledparticular average. It's obvious that the products are below the average quality. 译文: 如果某批货是部分受损,我们称之为“单独海损”。 很明显,这批产品的品质是中下水平。 注解: 在第一个句子中,particular average 的意思是“单独海损”,是指在保险业中由于海上事故所导致的部分损失, 因此 average 一词的意思是损失或损坏,而第二句中的 average 为“平均”之意。 例七:tender
Under CIF, it is the ller's obligation to tender the relativedocuments to the buyer to enable him to obtain delivery of the they arrive, or to recover for the loss, if they are lost on the voyage. He became as exhilarated as if his tender for building a mansionhad been accepted. 译文: 在 CIF 价格术语项下,卖方的责任是向买方递交有关单证,使其能在货物到达后提取货物;如果货物运输途中丢失了,买方也可凭单证去获取补偿。 他欣喜若狂,好象他承办大厦建筑的投标被接受了。 注解: 商务英语中的重要条款用词非常正规,在第一句话中,tender 是用作动词,相当于 give。而在第二句中,tender 是用作名词,意思是“投标”。
商业信函的7个“C”原则 写信的原则(Writing Principles)已从原来的3个“C”(Conciness,Clearness, Courtesy)发展到目前的7个“C”:Completeness,Clearness, Concreteness, Conciness, Correctness, Courtesy,Consideration 实例: Dear Sirs, With reference to your letter of April 9, we are plead to accept
your offer of 100 tons of Copper Wire as per your Offer SheetNo.8/070/02B. Plea go ahead and apply for your Export Licence. Assoon as we are informed of the number of the Export Licence we willopen the L/C by cable. 信的本文汉译 关于你们四月九日涵,我们高兴地接受你们第8/070/02B号报盘单所报100吨紫色铜丝。请着手办理申请出口许可证。一经接到出口许可证号码的通知,当即电开信用证。
出差用语 I can't miss the ten o'clock train. I'm going to Beijing on business.
I'm sure it's with the boss again this time.
Nothing is more stressful than going on a business trip with ourboss.
They scheduled the negotiation at nine tomorrow morning.
There're still veral things that haven't been decided yet beforethe trip.
Don't you think it a good thing for you to get out of the office fora couple of days?
The train isn't crowded at all recently.
Last time I went on a business trip with the boss I didn't evenhave enough to eat.
The first thing you'll do is look for a comfortable hotel.
You don't know how tight the schedule is for this business trip.
Quite often we have to play host to them though it's their homeground.
Nothing's been decided yet. Why going there in such a hurry?
The company is sometimes very cheap on the travel expens.
I like to take an accasional business trip for a change.
On this trip I have to visit veral important customers.
We always discuss business matters. It's boring.
Every time I'm back, I have to write a detailed report of thebusiness trip.
Sometimes you arrive there around two or three o'clock in themorning.
Business trip is tiring to me.
She always gets some prents for other people in the officewhen she's back from a business trip.
通知的写法 通知是上级对下级、组织对成员或平行单位之间部署工作、传达事情或召开会议等所使用的应用文。通知的写法有两种,一种是以布告形式贴出,把事情通知有关人员,如学生、观众等,通常不用称呼;另一种是以书信的形式,发给有关人员,次种通知写作形式同普通书信,只
要写明通知的具体内容即可。通知要求言简意赅、措辞得当、时间及时。 例一:布告形式的通知:通常此类通知上方正中写Notice或NOTICE(通知),发出通知的的单位的具体名称可放在正文前,也可放在正文后,右下角处,发出通知的日期写在左下角处。例如: NOTICE All professors and associate professors are requested to meet inthe college conference room on Saturday, August 18, at 2:00 p. m. todiscuss questions of international academic exchanges. May. 14, 2000 通知 本星期六(8月18日)下午二时,全体教授和副教授在学院会议室开会,讨论国际学术交流问题,请准时出席。 例二:书信形式的通知 Dear Examinee: As you know, due to unfortunate circumstances, ETS was forcedto cancel the scores of the Octorber 1992 TOEFL ****istration in thePeople's Republic of China. At that time, you were notified that youwould be able to take another TOEFL without charge up through theOctober 1993 ****istration. You should be aware that the TOEFLprogram has a long standing policy of not refunding test fees when****istrations are cancelled.
We apologize for any inconvenience that this may cau to you. RusllWebster
Executive Director TOEFLProgram
Educational Testing Service诸考生: 如你所知,很遗憾,教育考试服务处被迫取消1992年10月在中华人民共和国进行的托福考试成绩,当时,我方通知你直至1993年10月止,可免费参加在此期间的任何一次考试。你本应知道托福考试项目有一条长期有效的政策:当考试被取消时,之后的一次考试不再收取费用。 因此带给您的不便,深表歉意。 教育考试服务处,托福考试项目执行主任: 拉塞尔·韦伯斯特(签字)
面见客户时的实用英语
会话场景 接机后的次日,Brian在公司里,为Johnathan 介绍自己的老板-Mr.
Sun…。 B: Mr. Sun, I'd like you to meet Mr. Johnathan Mitchell, salesmanager for Nortern Reflections of Canada.
(Sun extends hand first; Sun and Mitchell shake hands) ll, Mr. Steven Sun, general manager of Apex Trading. 孙先生,让我为你介绍加拿大Northern Reflections的业务经理-Jonathan Mitchell先生。(孙先生先伸出手,两人握手)Mitchell先生,这是Steven孙先生,Apex贸易公司的总经理。 S: It's very nice to finally meet you, Mr. Mitchell -after so manyphonecalls and faxes. (offers his business card first) I'd like you tohave my business card. 多次电话、传真往返之后,非常高兴终于见到您,Mitchell先生(先递出名片),请收下我的名片。 J: Thanks very much, Mr. Sun. Plea accept mine. (offers his owncard) And plea, call me Johnathan.
(both look at cards for a few conds, then put them in wallets-not pockets) 谢谢您,孙先生。也请收下我的名片(递上自己的名片),叫我Johnathan就行了。 (两个人都看了一下对方的名片,放入皮夹而非口袋中) B: If you don't mind, Johnathan, while you and Mr. Sun getacquainted, I'd like to check the arrangements for the meeting. 如果你不介意,Johnathan,在你和孙先生互相认识时,我先失陪,看
看会议安排得如何。 J: You're certainly on top of things, Brian. Brian,一切当然在你掌握之中! S: (looking at Brian) You'll find Mr. Tayler-Brian - is a force to bereckoned with at Apex Tradig. (看着Brian)Talyer先生,您会发现Brian是Apex贸易公司的大将。 B: Thanks for the vote of confidence, Mr. Sun. I'll be right back.(leaves room) 孙先生,谢谢你的信任票,我马上回来。(走出房间) J: He appears to be a top-notch young man, Mr. Sun. Talent andenthusiasm like that are hard to find. 孙先生,他看起来是个有为的青年,很难找到像他这样有才干、有热忱的人。 S: Don't I know it. He's doing a great job for us. And plea, callme Steven. 我完全同意,他在公司表现不凡,请叫我Steven就行了。 J: Steven, can you tell me in a nutshell what the retail market islike in Taiwan? Steven,你可以简单地告诉我台湾零售市场的现况吗? S: Well, as per capita income goes up and up, the growth ctorems to be in the to-end. 唔,由于每人的平均收入不断地增高,市场的发展领域似乎偏向于
高价位商品。 J: Retail is going upscale here? Taiwan is certainly growing morequickly than I had imagined. 此地的零售走入高价位了?台湾的发展比我想像得要快多了。 S: Yes. Things certainly have changed since I was a boy. We'vedeveloped very quickly. 没错,现在的台湾和我小时候完全不一样了,这里发展得非常快速。 J: Do you think the trend will continue? 你想这种趋势还会维持下去吗? S: I don't e why not. We do have some problems, but we are stillwilling to work hard-and wages aren't too high at this point. 我不觉得有什么不行!虽然是有一些问题,但我们仍愿意勤奋工作,而且现阶段工资仍不算太高。 J: Everything I've en so far is very impressive. Very impressiveindeed. 到目前为止,我所看到的一切都令我印象深刻,真的十分深刻。情境短语 1. get acquainted (with…) (和`……)认识,熟悉…… 这个常用的短语暗示双方从不认识到熟识, "get"可换"become"。若是短语之后,要加上被认识的对象,以介系词 "with"连接。 例: Our boss got acquainted with a couple of real estate agents in
the golf Club. (我们老板在高尔夫俱乐部里结识了几位做房地产的商人。) 2. on top of things 完全掌握 字面的意思是将问题克服,高高踩在上面,引申为"控制全局"。 例: The new manager was always worried he wasn't on top ofthings. (新经理一直担心自己无法掌握全局。) 3. (a) force to be reckoned with 值得注意的人物 "(a) force","力量",可以指一个团体、事物或个人; "reckon"在此的意思为"认定"。 "a force to be reckoned with"是形容"有成功的条件而值得注意的人物、团体"。 例: The new company will be a force to be reckoned with in thefuture. (这家新公司未来值得大家注意。) 4. Don't I know it. 我完全同意! 当此句型以句点(.)而非问号结尾时,表示完全同意对的方意见,为口语用法,强调的是肯定的含意。意思为"我怎会不知道!?;我当然明白这一点!"。 例: You say the discount rate is too low? Don't I know it! (你说这折扣打得太少?我完全同意!) 5. in a nutshell 简言之
"nutshell"原为"坚果壳",又指"极小的容器",故 "in a nutshell" 这个副词短语的意思是"简言之"。 例: Bob told us in a nutshell what happened in the managers'meeting. (Bob简略地告诉我们经理们开会的情形。) 6. growth ctor 成长领域 这个经济学上的名词是指经济成长特别快速的领域,"ctor"是"区域;部门"的意思。 例: The leisure and entertainment industry is a growth ctor inTaiwan. (休闲娱乐业是台湾目前的成长领域。)
Reorganization of a Partnership 公司改组通知 1. We inform you that our business, which has been carried onmost successfully for the last twenty years, will be turned into alimited company on the 30th May; and from that date it will becontinued under the firm-name of the P.P.N. Co.,Ltd. 2. We refer you to the enclod circular announcing thereorganization of the above firm, and would assure you that anycommission with which you may favour us will receive the same careand attention as in the past. 3. We are now a private Limited Company, and we shall be glad ifyou will in future make out remittances to us to H.E. & Co., Ltd. 4. After January 1st, our partnership will be dissolved and the
business will be carried on at the same address, by H.O. and the firm-name of O.& S. 5. I advi you that the business hitherto carried on in the nameof J.M. & Co. will be continued under the style of James Morton &Company, Limited. 6. The business was most successfully converted into a LimitedCompany in October last, almost the whole of the shares offeredbeing taken by customers, only a few remaining allotted. 7. We inform you of an alteration that is to take place in thename and copartnership of this firm on July 1st. 8. I acquaint you that in conquence of my having taken intopartnership with my nephew, C.H., the business of my establishmentwill henceforward be conducted under the firm of T.H. & Nephew. 9. We inform you that our business will be turned into a limitedcompany on February 1, and from that date will be continued underthe name of Sankyo Co., Ltd. 10. Mr. Bills will continue to do business under the same style ofMessrs. bills & Co., at the same address. 11. I have now to inform you that I shall in future carry on thebusiness under the style of Wilson & Co., and I venture to hope that Imay continue to enjoy the confidence which has been hithertoextended to Brwon & Co. 12. From the annexed circular you will obrve that mypartnership with Mr. R.T. was turned into a limited company on the31st July last, and the business will be carried on under the style of T.& M. Co., Lid. hereafter. 1、我公司在过去二十年里成就可观。现自5月30日起改组为股份有
限公司,从该日起名称改为P. P. N. 股份有限公司继续营业。特此奉告。 2、我公司组织有变,特附上通函一份。今后本公司保证象过去一样热诚为您服务. 3、目前我们为私人有限公司,今后如有汇款,请寄到H. E. 股份有限公司,则甚为感激。 4、元月1日后,我公司解散。在原址成立O·S·商社继续营业,由H·O·和J·S·二人主持业务。 5、我公司过去一直以J·M·公司名义营业,现更名为詹姆士毛顿股份有限公司继续营业,特此告知。 6、去年10月,我们成功地改为股份有限公司,大多数股份均由顾客认购,我公司仅保留其少部。 7、兹订于7月1日,我公司将改变名称与组织,特此通知。 8、我已邀内侄C.H.加入我公司为合伙关系,公司业务今后将以T.H与内侄公司名义进行营业。特此奉告。 9、自2月1日起我们将改为股份有限公司,自该日起将以三共股份有限公司名义继续营业。特此通知。 10、比尔斯先生将沿用比尔斯公司之名在原址营业。 11、我将以威尔逊公司名义营业,并将一如既往地保持原布朗公司的信誉。特此奉告并盼惠顾。 12、我与R·T·先生的合伙生意,于7月31日改为股份有限公司,并以T·M·股份有限公司名义继续营业,详情见所附通函。
付予代理权 1. We inform you that Mr. Yoshii, who has held our procuration forthe last fifteen years, will in future sign for the firm. 2. We have to intimate to you that we have authorized , who has been with us for many years, to sign for our firmper procuration. 3. I have granted power of procuration to my chief clerk, Mr. , who signature is appended below. 4. I refer you to my signature at foot, also to that of Mr. Gomi,who will sign per procuration. 5. You will find the signature of Mr. Yokota at the foot hereof. 6. Plea give attention to our respective signatures at foot. 7. We ask your attention to the signature at foot. 8. We call your attention to our signatures at foot. 9. We refer you to his signature at foot. 10. We have the pleasure to inform you that we have given thefirm's procuration to Mr. A., the son of our partner. 11. We herewith inform you that we have authorized Mr. J. T.,who has been with us for many years, to sign for our firm perprocuration. 12. We have to intimate that Mr. J. F., who has had charge of ourcereals department for some considerable time will in future sign for
the firm. 13. I have the pleasure to inform you that he has beenauthorized to sign for the firm by procuration. 14. Mr. F., who has been with us for the last twenty years, isgranted power of procuration, and we shall feel obliged if, instead ofnding your kind inquiries and orders direct to our London works,you will, in future, place them with him. 15. We have the honour to inform you that we have this dayaccorded Power of Procuration to Mr. R.G., who has faithfully assistedus for the last two years. 16. We request you to regard all that he may do in our name asdone by ourlves. 17. As the state of my health prevents me at prent from givingpersonal attention to business, I have given my procuration to Mr.C.R., who assisted me for the last fifteen years to my perfectsatisfaction. 18. At the same time we entrust our procuration to our headclerk, Mr.G.C., who capacity we can too highly prai, and whosincere interest in our hou has already cemented between us awarm and mutual friendship. 19. The exigencies of my business necessitating my frequentabnce abroad, I have accorded power of procuration to Mr. , who has ably assisted me for the last twenty years, and hasbeen connected with this firm from the date of its establishment. 20. We trust to be favoured with your valued confidence in thefuture, and we ask to draw your attention to the signature herebelow.
1、兹通知,过去15年中任我公司代理的吉井先生今后将为本公司业务担任签名责任。 2、谨此告知,我公司授权在此服务多年的益田先生以代理签名事宜。 3、兹授予矢田次郎先生代理我公司签名权,其签名如下。 4、我的签名如下,同时寄上将行使签名权的无味先生的签名,请惠察。 5、横田先生签名如下。 6、请注意下列我们的分别签名。 7、惠请留意下列签名。 8、请注意我们下列签名。 9、我们请您留意其签名如下。 10、我公司已将代理签名权赋予合伙人A先生之子,谨此告知。 11、谨此奉告,在我公司服务多年的JT先生,将行使我公司代理签名权。 12、长期担任我公司粮食部主任的JF先生今后将行使代表我公司签名的权力。 13、他已被授予代理签名权,谨此告知。 14、我们已赋予在敝公司服务20年的F先生以代理权,此后如订购与询价,不必直接寄往伦敦公司,径交他处理即可,谨此通知。 15、近两年来一直忠实服务于我公司的RG先生,自本日起由本公司授予签名权,谨此告知。
16、谨请注意,今后凡他以我公司名义所作的一切决定即可视为本公司的决定。 17、由于目前本人身体欠佳,已不能担当业务,特授权曾协助本人工作长达15年之久的得力助手RC先生代本人签名。 18、同时,我们已授予首席职员GC先生有权代理签名,该员对公司热心,论能力无可挑剔,我们早已建立了深厚的友谊。 19、本人因公常到海外出差,为应业务急需,特授权近藤春雄先生为代理。该员自公司成立二十年来,一直在协助本人工作。 20、深信今后您将继续给予有力支持,请注意下面的签名。
商务合同英译应注意的问题(一) 商务合同是一种特殊的应用文体,重在记实,用词行文的一大特点就是准确与严谨。
一、酌情使用公文语惯用副词
商务合同属于法律性公文,所以英译时,有些词语要用公文语词语、特别是酌情使用英语惯用的一套公文语副词,就会起到使译文结构严谨、逻辑严密、言简意赅的作用。但是从一些合同的英文译本中发现,这种公文语副同常被普通词语所代替,从而影响到译文的质量。
实际上,这种公文语惯用副同为数并不多,而已构词简单易记。常用的这类副词是由here、there、where等副词分别加上after、by、in、of、on、to、under、upon、with等副词,构成一体化形式的公文语副词。例如:
从此以后、今后:hereafter;
此后、以后:thereafter; 在其上:thereonthereupon; 在其下:thereunder; 对于这个:hereto; 对于那个:whereto; 在上文:hereinabovehereinbefore; 在下文:hereinafterhereinbelow; 在上文中、在上一部分中:thereinbefore; 在下文中、在下一部分中:thereinafter.
现用两个实例,说明在英译合同中如何酌情使用上述副词。
例1:本合同自买方和建造方签署之日生效。 This Contract shall come into force from the date of executionhereof by the Buyerand the Builder.
例2:下述签署人同意在中国制造新产品,其品牌以此为合适。 The undersigned hereby agrees that the new products whereto thistrade name is more appropriate are made in China.
商务合同英译应注意的问题(二)
二、谨慎选用极易混淆的词语
英译商务合同时,常常由于选同不当而寻致词不达意或者意思模棱两可,有时甚至表达的是完全不同的含义。因此了解与掌握极易混淆的词语的区别是极为重要的,是提高英译质量的关键因素之一,现把常用且易混淆的七对词语,用典型实例论述如下。 2.1 shipping advice 与 shipping instructions
shipping advice 是“装运通知”,是由出口商(卖主)发给进口商(买主)的。然而 shipping instructions 则是“装运须知”,是进口商(买主)发给出口商(卖主)的。另外要注意区分 vendor(卖主)与vendee(买主),consignor(发货人)与 consignee(收货人)。上述这三对词语在英译时、极易发生笔误。
2.2 abide by 与 comply with
abide by 与 comply with 都有“遵守”的意思.但是当主语是“人”时,英译“遵守”须用 abide by。当主语是非人称时,则用 complywith 英译“遵守”。
例 3:双方都应遵守/双方的一切活动都应遵守合同规定。 Both parties Shall abide by/All the activities of both parties shallcomply with the contractual stipulations.
2.3 change A to B 与 change A into B
英译“把 A 改为 B”用“change A to B”,英译“把 A 折合成/兑换成B”用“change A into B”,两者不可混淆。
例 4:交货期改为 8 月并将美元折合成人民币。
Both parties agree that change the time of shipment to August andchange US dollar into Renminbi.
2.4 ex 与 per
源自拉丁语的介词 ex 与 per 有各自不同的含义。英译由某轮船“运来”的货物时用 ex,由某轮船“运走”的货物用 Per,而由某轮船“承运”用by。
例 5:由“维多利亚”轮运走/运来/承运的最后一批货将于 10 月 1日抵达伦敦。
The last batch per/ex/by S.S. "Victoria" will arrive at London onOctober (S.S. = Steamship)
2.5 in 与 after
当英译“多少天之后”的时间时,往往是指“多少天之后”的确切的一天,所以必须用介词 in,而不能用 after,因为介词 after 指的是“多少天之后”的不确切的任何一天。
例 6:该货于 11 月 10 日由“东风”轮运出,41 天后抵达鹿特丹港。
The good shall be shipped per M.V. "Dong Feng" on November 10and are due to arrive at Rottedaml in 140 days. (M.V.= motor vesl)
2.6 on/upon 与 after
当英译“……到后,就……”时,用介词 on/upon,而不用 after,因为 after 表示“之后”的时间不明确。
例 7:发票货值须货到付给。
The invoice value is to be paid on/upon arrival of the goods.
2.7 by 与 before
当英译终止时间时,比如“在某月某日之前”,如果包括所写日期时,就用介词 by;如果不包括所写日期,即指到所写日期的前一天为
止,就要用介词 before。
例 8:卖方须在 6 月 15 日前将货交给买方。
The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June 15. (or: before June 16,说明含 6 月 15 日在内。如果不含 6 月 15 日,就译为 by June 14 或者 before June 15。)
商务合同英译应注意的问题(三)
三、慎重处理合同的关键细目
实践证明,英译合同中容易出现差错的地方,一般来说,不是大的陈述性条款。而恰恰是一些关键的细目.比如:金钱、时间、数量等。为了避免出差错,在英译合同时,常常使用一些有限定作用的结构来界定细目所指定的确切范围。
3.1 限定责任
众所周知,合同中要明确规定双方的责任。为英译出双方责任的权限与范围,常常使用连词和介词的固定结构。现把最常用的此类结构举例说明如下。
3.1.1 and/or 常用and/or英译合同中“甲和乙+甲或乙”的内容,这样就可避免漏译其中的一部分。
例9:如果上述货物对船舶和(或)船上其它货物造成任何损害,托运人应负全责。 The shipper shall be liable for all damage caud by such goods tothe ship and/or cargo on board.
3.1.2 by and between 常用by and between强调合同是由“双方”签订的,因此双方必须严格履行合同所赋于的责任。
例10:买卖双方同意按下述条款购买出售下列商品并签订本合同。 This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller,whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to ll theunder mentioned commodity subject to the terms and conditionsstipulated below.
3.2 限定时间
英译与时间有关的文字,都应非常严格慎重地处理,因为合同对时间的要求是准确无误。所以英译起止时间时,常用以下结构来限定准确的时间。
3.2.1 双介词 用双介词英译含当天日期在内的起止时间。
例11;自9月2O日起,甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。 Party A shall be unauthorized to accept any order sort to collectany account on and after September 20.
例12:我公司的条件是,3个月内,即不得晚于5月1日,支付现金。 Our terms are cash within three months, i.e. on or before May 1.
3.2.2 not(no) later than 用“not(no) later than+日期”英译“不迟于某月某日”。
例13:本合同签字之日一个月内,即不迟于12月15日,你方须将货物装船。
Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date ofsigning this Contract, i.e. not later than December 15.
3.2.3 include的相应形式 常用include的相应形式:inclusive、including和included,来限定含当日在内的时间。
例14:本证在北京议付,有效期至1月1日。 This credit expires till January1(inclusive) for negotiation in Beijing.(or:This credit expires till and including January1 for negotiation inBeijing.) 如果不包括1月1日在内,英译为till and not including January 1。
3.3 限定金额
为避免金额数量的差漏、伪造或涂改,英译时常用以下措施严格把关。
3.3.1.大写文字重复金额 英译金额须在小写之后,在括号内用大写文字重复该金额,即使原文合同中没有大写,英译时也有必要加上大写。在大写文字前加上“SAY”,意为“大写”;在最后加上“ONLY”.意思为“整”。必须注意:小写与大写的金额数量要一致。
例16:聘方须每月付给受聘方美元500元整。 Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US$500 (SAY FIVEHUNDRED US DOLLARS ONLY).
3.3.2.正确使用货币符号 英译金额必须注意区分和正确使用各种不同的货币名称符号。“$”既可代表“美元”,又可代表其他某些地方的货币;而“£”不仅代表“英镑”,又可代表其他某些地方的货币。
必须注意:当金额用数字书写时,金额数字必须紧靠货币符号,例如:Can$891,568,不能写成:Can$891,568。另外,翻译的还要特别注意金额中是小数点(.)还是分节号(,),因为这两个符号极易引起笔误,稍有疏忽,其后果是不堪设想的。
私人和公务信函英文写(一) 私人和公务信函--概述 书信是日常生活中常用的文体,是用以交涉事宜、传达信息、交流思想、联络感情、增进了解的重要工具。书信一般可分为商务信件或公函(Business Letter or Official Correspondence)和私人信件(PrivateLetter)两大类。值得注意的是,英语书信的写法与汉语书信有一些明显区别,应特别加以区分。 英语书信通常包括下面几个组成部分:信端、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束语、签名、附件、再启等。下面我们将逐个进行介绍。 1.信端(Heading) 信端即信头,一般包括写信人的地址和写信日期。一些正式信函的信端还包括发信人或单位的电话号码、电报挂号、电传、传真和邮政编码等。
西方国家中有些信端甚至还有单位负责人的姓名、职务和职称等。 信端的目的是使收信人一看便知道书信来自何处,何时发出,便于复信和查阅。用一般的信纸写信时,信端应写在信纸的右上角,若字数较多,可从信纸中间或偏右的地方写起。若字数较少,可适当多向右移一些,使整个信端的重心落在右上角。
信端的写法主要有并列式和斜列式两种。从目前情况来看,前者更为常用。 采用并列式时,每行开头要左对齐;采用斜列式时,每行开头逐次向右移二三个字母的距离。
例如 (1)并列式 16 Fuxing Street Haidian District Beijing Post Code: 100035 People’s Republic of China Tel: 63211234 Aug. 20, 2004 (2)斜列式(Indented Form) 16 Fuxing Street Haidian District Beijing Post Code: 100035 People’s Republic of China
Tel: 63211234 Aug. 20, 2004 写信端时,先写发信人的地址,地点的名称按由小到大的顺序排列,然后与其它项目和发信日期。具体次序是:第一行写门牌号和街名;第二行写区名、市(县)名、省(州、邦)名,往国外寄的信,还要写上国家的名称;国家名称的前面加上邮政编码,其后可写上电话号码,最后一行写发信日期。如果写信人的地址是机关单位的名称,则将其作为第一行。如果写信人的单位没有门牌号码和街名,则第一行可写上所在班级或专业组的名称;第二行写系、科、室名称;第三行写学校名称;第四行写市(县)、省(州)名称;然后再写邮政编码、国名、电话号码、发信日期等项。 如果使用标点符号,则在每行末尾加逗号,最后一行的末尾加句号。但当前的信件中行末大都不加标点符号,但在每行之内该用标点符号的地方,仍要用标点。 特别要注意的是,门牌号码和街名之间要加逗号。月份和日期之间不可用逗号。在西方国家,城市名称之后往往写有字母或数字(如New York, 103),表示城市的邮政编码。
私人和公务信函英文写(二) 关于发信日期的写法,应注意以下几点: ①年份应完全写出,不能简写。 ②月份要用英文名称,不要用数字代替。 ③月份名称多用公认的缩写式。但 May, June, July, 因为较短,不
可缩写。 ④写日期时,可用基数词1,2,3,4,5,……28,29,30,31等,也可用序数词 lst, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, ……28th, 29th, 30th, 31lst等。但最好用基数词,简单明了。 日期可有下列几种写法: ① Oct. 20, 2004 ② 10 May., 2004 ③ 3rd June, 2004 ④ Sept. 16th, 2004 其中,①最为通用。 2.信内地址(Inside Address, Introductory Address) 信内地址收信人的姓名和地址,写在信纸的左上角,从信纸的左边顶格开始写,低于写信人地址和发信日期一二行,也分并列式和斜列式两种,但应与信端的书写格式保持一致。其次序是,先写收信人姓名、头衔和单位名称,占一二行,然后写地址,可占二至四行,例如: ①并列式 Ms. Joanna Kerry Peking University Haidian District, 100871 Beijing
China ②斜列式 Ms. Joanna Kerry Peking University Haidian District,100871 Beijing China 3.称呼(Salutation) 对收信人的称呼应自成一行,写在低于信内地址一二行的地方,从信纸的左边顶格开始写,每个词的开头字母要大写,至于末尾处的符号,英国人用逗号,但美国和加拿大英语则多用冒号。称呼用语可视写信人与收信人的关系而定。 给外国人写英文信时,称呼用语要注意以下几点: ①对没有头衔的男性一般称呼 Mr. 。Mr. 用在姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前,不可只用在名字之前,例如对的称呼,应该是:Mr. 或 , 不可是:Mr. Phil。若称呼多个男性,则在姓名前用 Mr. 的复数形式 Messrs. 。对一般以人名为名称的公司和企业常用这种称呼,例如:Messrs. Black and Brothers 布莱克兄弟公司。 ②对女性一般称呼 Mrs., Madam 或 Miss。Mrs.用在已婚女子的丈夫的姓氏之前,或姓氏和名字之前,一般不用在名字前 Madame 此词可以单独使用或加在丈夫的姓名之前 Mrs. 没有复数形式。若称呼多个女性,则在姓名前用 Mme. 的复数形式 Mmes. 而对以女子名字为名称的公司、企业可用 Mesdames 称呼。 Miss 多用于未婚女子,此词可缩写为 Ms ,用于姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前,一般不用于名字之前。
③对收信人的称呼,也可用头衔或职位的名称,不分性别。例如Professor (缩写为 Prof.),Doctor (缩写为 Dr.), General (缩写为Gen.) 。这些称呼都放在姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前,如 Prof. (Phil)White等。 ④对外公函中对收信人的称呼,可用 Gentlemen (而不是Gentleman),Dear Sir (s)和 My dear Sir(s)等。Gentlemen 之前不能加 Dear, 后面也不能带姓名。用 Sirs 时,前面常用 Dear 一词,但也可单独用 Sir。若收信人是妇女,则无论已婚或未婚,都可单独使用Madam 或其复数 Mesdames。 ⑤对外国高级官员的称呼,如国家元首、政府首脑、部长、大使、公使和特使等,可用(Dear)Sir, (Dear)Mr. Chairman,(Dear)Mr. Premier, (My dear)Mr. Ambassador,Your Excellency (复数为 Excellencies)。 ⑥对君主制国家的国王和皇帝等男性君主,可以 Sir 称呼,对女王、女皇和皇后等女性君主,可用 Madam 称呼。有时也用 YourMajesty 称呼以表示。客气和尊敬Your Majesty 可兼指男性和女性,其复数为 Your Majesties。 ⑦对王室成员,如太子、王子、亲王和公主等,一般可用(Dear)Sir 或(Dear)Madam 但在正式尊称时,一般用 Your Highness (复数为 Highness)。 收信人称呼 先生(男人)Mr./Esq. 夫人(已婚)Mrs. 小姐(未婚)Miss 夫人、小姐统称Ms.
夫妇俩人 Mrs. 两位或两位以上男子Messrs 两位或两位以上女子(已婚)Mesdames 两位或两位以上小姐(未婚)Miss 常见的头衔(汉英对照)如下: 教授Professor 博士Doctor(Dr.,Ph.D.) 医学博士Medical Doctor(M.D.) 总统或校长President 主席或董事长Chairman 副主席或副董事长Vice Chairman 副总统或副校长Vice President 首相Prime Minister 总理Premier 省长或州长Governor 市长Mayor 参议员Senator 大使Ambassador
秘书长Secretary General 一秘First Secretary 二秘Second Secretary 院长Director,Dean 副院长Vice Director 系主任Dean,Head,Chair 馆长Chief Librarian,Curator 阁下Excellency 神甫Father
私人和公务信函英文写(三) 4.信的正文(Body of the Letter) 信的正文每段第一行应往右缩进约四五个字母。在写事务性信件时,正文一般开门见山,内容简单明了,条理清楚。在写私人信件时,信写好之后若有什么遗漏,可用 P. S.表示补叙。 5.结束语(Complimentary Clo) 结束语是写信人表示自己对收信人的一种谦称,只占一行,低于正文一二行,从信纸的中间或偏右的地方开始写。第一个词的开头字母要大写,末尾用逗号。结束语视写信人与收信人的关系而定例如写给机
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