培根的《论学习》中英文对照

2024年1月24日发(作者：尚尔昌)

培根的《论学习》中英文对照

Of 论学习

Studies

弗朗西斯·培根

Francis Bacon

王佐良 译

Studies rve for delight， for 读书足以怡情,足以傅彩,足以长才。ornament， and for ability. 其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其Their chief u for delight， is 傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长in privateness and retiring； 才也，最见于处世判事之际.

for ornament, is in discour;

and for ability， is in the

练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判judgment and disposition of

别枝节，然纵观统筹，全局策划，则business。

舍好学深思者莫属.读书费时过多易

惰,文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断For expert and execute, and

事乃学究故态。

perhaps judge of particulars，

one by one； but the general

counls, and the plots and

marshalling of affairs， come

best form tho that are

读书补天然之不足,经验又补读书之learned. To spend too much time

不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草,读in studies is sloth; to u them

书然后知如何修剪移接,而书中所too much for ornament， is

示，如不以经验范之,则又大而无affectation； to make judgment

当。

wholly by their rules， is the

humour of a scholar。

有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读They perfect nature, and are

书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以perfected by experience： for

用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在natural abilities are like

书外，全凭观察得之。

natural plants, that need

proyning by study； and studies

读书时不可存心诘难读者，不可尽信themlves do give forth

书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而directions too much at large,

应推敲细思。

except they be bounded in by

experience.

书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则

须咀嚼消化.换言之，有只需读其部Crafty men contemn studies,

分者,有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须simple men admire them， and

全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦.wi men u them; for they

书亦可请人代读,取其所作摘要，但teach not their own u； but

只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书that is a wisdom without them,

经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而无味。

and above them， won by

obrvation.

培根的《论学习》中英文对照

Read not to contradict and

confute； nor to believe and

take for granted； nor to find

talk and discour； but to

weigh and consider.

Some books are to be tasted,

others to be swallowed, and some

few to be chewed and digested；

that is, some books are to be

read only in parts; others to be

read, but not curiously； and

some few to be read wholly， and

with diligence and attention。

Some books also may be read by

deputy， and extracts made of

them by others； but that would

be only in the less important

arguments, and the meaner sort

of books； el distilled books

are, like common distilled

waters, flashy things。

读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确.因此不常做笔记者须记忆力特强,不常讨论者须天生聪颖,不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。

Reading maketh a full man;

conference a ready man; and

writing an exact man。 And

therefore, if a man write

little， he had need have a

great memory； if he confer

little, he had need have a

prent wit； and if he read

little， he had need have much

cunning, to em to know that he

doth not。

Histories make men wi； poets

witty; the mathematics subtile；

natural philosophy deep； moral

grave; logic and rhetoric able

to contend. Abeunt studia in

mor.

读史使人明智,读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩；凡有所学，皆成性格.

人之才智但有滞碍,无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之.滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑,诸如此类。如智力不集中,可令读数学，盖演题需全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演;如不能辩异,可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人;如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特效可医。

培根的《论学习》中英文对照

Nay there is no stand or

impediment in the wit， but may

be wrought out by fit studies：

like as dias of the body may

have appropriate exercis.

Bowling is good for the stone

and reins; shooting for the

lungs and breast； gentle

walking for the stomach; riding

for the head； and the like。

So if a man’s wit be wandering,

let him study the mathematics；

for in demonstrations， if his

wit be called away never so

little， he must begin again。

If his wit be not apt to

distinguish or find differences,

let him study the schoolmen; for

they are cymini ctors. If he

be not apt to beat over

matters， and to call up one

thing to prove and illustrate

another, let him study the

lawyers' cas. So every defect

of the mind may have a special

receipt.