Decide whether each of the following statements is True or Fal:
1. Sociolinguistics is the sub-discipline of linguistics that studies social contexts. F
2. Language as a means of social communication is a homogeneous system with a homogeneous group of speakers. F
3. Language u varies from one speech community to another, from one regional group to another, from one social group to another, and even from one individual to another. T
4. The goal of sociolinguistics5s管理制度 is to explore the nature of language variation and language u among a variety of speech communities and in different social situations. T
5. The linguistic markers that characterize individual social groups may rve as social markers of group membership. T
6. From the sociolinguistic perspective, the term “speech variety ” can not be ud to refer to standard language, vernacular language, dialect or pidgin. F
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7.Functional speech varieties are known as regional dialects. 笋干肉F
8. The most distinguishable linguistic feature of a regional dialect is its grammar and us of vocabulary. F
9.Geographical barriers are the only source of regional variation of language. F
10. A person’s social backgrounds do not exert a shaping influence on his choice of linguistic features. F
11.Two speakers of the same language or dialect u their language or dialect in the same way. F
12. Every speaker of a language is, in a stricter n, a speaker of a distinct idiolect. T
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13. The standard language is a better language than nonstandard languages. F
14. A lingua franca can only be ud within a particular country for communication among groups of people with different linguistic backgrounds. F
15.Pidgins are linguistically inferior to standard languages. F
16. A pidgin usually reflects the influence of the higher, or dominant, language in its lexicon and that of the lower language in their phonology and occasionally syntax. 怎么转发聊天记录T
17.The major difference between a pidgin and a creole is that the former usually has its native speakers while the latter doesn’t. F
18.Bilingualism and diglossia mean the same thing. F
19.The kind of name or term speakers u to call or refer to someone may indicate something of their social relationship to or personal feelings about that individual. T
德国艺术歌曲20.The u of euphemisms has the effect of removing derogatory overtones and the disassociative effect as such is usually long-lasting. F
II. Fill in each of the blanks below with one word which begins with the letter given:
21. The social group isolated for any given study is called the speech c___ community __
___.
22. Speech v_____ variety ____ refers to any distinguishable form of speech ud by a speaker or group of speakers.
23. From the sociolinguistic perspective, a speech variety is no more than a d_____ dialectal _____ variety of a language.
24. Language standardization is also called language p___ planning ____.
25. Social variation gives ri to s__ sociolects _______ which are subdivisible into smaller speech categories that reflect their socioeconomic, educational, occupational background, etc.
26. S_____ Stylistic __ variation in a person’s speech or writing usually ranges on a continuum from casual or colloquial to formal or polite according to the type of communicative situation.
27. A regional dialect may gain status and become standardized as the national or o____ official ____ language of a country.
28. The standard language is a s_____ superimpod ____, socially prestigious dialect of language.
29. Language varieties other than the standard are called nonstandard, or v____ vernacular___ languages.
30. A pidgin typically lacks in i_ inflectional __ Idiolect
____ morphemes.
31. Linguistic taboo reflects s___ social ______ taboo.
32. The avoidance of using taboo language mirrors social attitudes, emotions and value judgments and has no l_____ linguistic____ basis.
III. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best
complete the statement:
33. _______ is concerned with the social significance of language variation and language u in different speech communities.
A. Psycholinguistics B. Sociolinguistics
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C. Historical linguistics D. General linguistics
34. The most distinguishable linguistic feature of a regional dialect is its _____.
