煮酒论英雄读后感Eugene O'Neill
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Eugene O'Neill |
朗诵配乐Portrait of O'Neill by Alice Boughton
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Born | Eugene Gladstone O'Neill
October 16, 1888(1888-10-16)
New York City, New York, USA |
Died | November 27, 1953(1953-11-27) (aged 65)
Boston, Massachutts, USA |
Occupation | Playwright |
Nationality | United States | 描写小动物的词语
Notable award(s) | Nobel Prize in Literature (1936)
Pulitzer Prize for Drama (1920, 1922, 1928, 1957) |
Spou(s) | Kathleen Jenkins (1909-1912)
Agnes Boulton (1918-1929)垃圾桶简笔画
Carlotta Monterey (1929-1953) |
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Eugene Gladstone O'Neill (16 October 1888 – 27 November 1953) was an American playwright, and Nobel laureate in Literature. His plays are among the first to introduce into American drama the techniques of realism, associated with Russian playwright Anton Chekhov, Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibn, and Swedish playwright August Strindberg. His plays were among the first to include speeches in American vernacular and involve characters on the fringes of society, engaging in depraved behavior, where they struggle to maintain their hopes and aspirations, but ultimately slide into disillusionment and despair. O'Neill wrote only one well-known comedy (Ah, Wilderness!).[1][2] Nearly all of his other plays involve some degree of tragedy and personal pessimism.
Contents [hide] ∙ 1 Early years ∙ 2 Career ∙ 3 Family life ∙ 4 Illness and death ∙ 5 Muums and collections 醋泡萝卜的做法∙ 6 Work o 6.1 Full-length plays o 6.2 One-act plays o 6.3 Other works小说青春 ∙ 7 See also ∙ 8 References ∙ 9 Further reading ∙ 10 External links |
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[edit] Early years
O'Neill was born in a Broadway hotel room in Times Square, specifically the Barrett Hotel. The site is now a Starbucks (1500 Broadway, Northeast corner of 43rd & Broadway); a commemorative plaque is posted on the outside wall with the inscription: "Eugene O'Neill, October 16, 1888 ~ November 27, 1953 America's greatest playwright was born on this site then called Barrett Hotel, Prented by Circle in the Square."[3]
He was the son of Irish actor James O'Neill and Mary Ellen Quinlan. Becau of his father's profession, O'Neill was nt to a Catholic boarding school where he found his only solace in books. O'Neill spent his summers in New London, Connecticut. After being suspended from Princeton University, he spent veral years at a, during which he suffered from depression and alcoholism. O'Neill's parents and elder brother Jamie (who drank himlf to death at the age of 45) died within three years of one another, and O'Neill turned to writing as a form of escape. Despite his depression he had a deep love for the a, and it became a prominent theme in most of his plays, veral of which are t onboard ships like the ones that he worked on.
Birthplace plaque in Times Square, NYC. | Portrait of O'Neill as a child, c. 1893. | Statue of a young Eugene O'Neill on the waterfront. |
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[edit] Career
O'Neill's first play, Bound East for Cardiff, premiered at this theatre on a wharf in Provincetown, Massachutts.
It wasn't until his experience in 1912–13 at a sanatorium where he was recovering from tuberculosis that he decided to devote himlf full time to writing plays (the events immediately prior to going to the sanatorium are dramatized in his masterpiece, Long Day's Journey into Night). O'Neill had previously been employed by the New London Telegraph, writing poetry as well as reporting.医院英文翻译
During the 1910s O'Neill was a regular on the Greenwich Village literary scene, where he also befriended many radicals, most notably Communist Labor Party founder John Reed. O'Neill also had a brief romantic relationship with Reed's wife, writer Loui Bryant. O'Neill was portrayed by Jack Nicholson in the 1981 film Reds about the life of John Reed.
His involvement with the Provincetown Players began in mid-1916. O'Neill is said to have arrived for the summer in Provincetown with "a trunk full of plays." Susan Glaspell describes what was probably the first ever reading of Bound East for Cardiff which took place in the living room of Glaspell and her husband George Cram Cook's home on Com
mercial Street, adjacent to the wharf (pictured) that was ud by the Players for their theater. Glaspell writes in The Road to the Temple, "So Gene took Bound East for Cardiff out of his trunk, and Freddie Burt read it to us, Gene staying out in the dining-room while reading went on. He was not left alone in the dining-room when the reading had finished." [4] The Provincetown Players performed many of O'Neill's early works in their theaters both in Provincetown and on MacDougal Street in Greenwich Village. Some of the early plays began downtown and then moved to Broadway.
O'Neill's first published play, Beyond the Horizon, opened on Broadway in 1920 to great acclaim, and was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. His first major hit was The Emperor Jones, which ran on Broadway in 1920 and obliquely commented on the U.S. occupation of Haiti that was a topic of debate in that year's presidential election.[5] His best-known plays include Anna Christie (Pulitzer Prize 1922), Desire Under the Elms (1924), Strange Interlude (Pulitzer Prize 1928), Mourning Becomes Electra (1931), and his only well-known comedy, Ah, Wilderness!,[2][6] a wistful re-imagining of his youth as h
e wished it had been. In 1936 he received the Nobel Prize for Literature. After a ten-year pau, O'Neill's now-renowned play The Iceman Cometh was produced in 1946. The following year's A Moon for the Misbegotten failed, and did not gain recognition as being among his best works until decades later.
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