考研英语二（阅读）模拟试卷17
(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、<B>Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.</B>(总题数：4，分数：40.00)
The topic of virtual violence in video games resulting in real life aggression has long been controversial—and many courts have tested the limits of the "video games made me do it" defen. Now a new study published this week in the March issue of the Psychological Bulletin adds to the debate with findings suggesting that, while exposure to violence in video games may not have huge conquences, they have very real implications. In a review of 130 studies including more than 130,000 subjects, rearchers found that, regardless of age group, gender or culture, violent video games incread the likelihood of aggression and decread empathy in kids. The studies, who subjects ranged from elementary school students to college undergraduates, were conducted in the U.S., Europe and Japan and included both genders. Lead author, Craig Anderson, a psychology professo
r and director of the Center for the Study of Violence at Iowa State University, argues that the findings indicate that exposure to virtual brutality increas the likelihood of aggressive behavior, both in the short- and long-term. Anderson believes that this latest rearch, adding to earlier inquiries, points to the need to move beyond the question of whether or not exposure to virtual violence can have negative conquences. Now, he says, it is time to work toward creating public policies and promoting in-home approaches that will better enable parents to cultivate environments for children that incorporate video games as a healthy component. Speaking with USA Today he pointed out that: "The rating itlf does not tell you whether it is a healthy or unhealthy game. Any game that involves killing or harming another character in order to advance is likely to be teaching inappropriate lessons to whoever is playing it." An accompanying critique of the rearch, written by Christopher Ferguson, an associate professor at Texas A&M International University, suggested that Anderson and colleagues' findings overestimated the influence of video games. Ferguson pointed to his own rearch published earlier in the Journal of Pediatrics indicating that "delinquent peer influences, anti-social personality traits, depres
sion, and parents/ guardians who u psychological abu" were strong risk factors for aggressive and violent behavior in youths, while things like neighborhood quality, parents' domestic violence and violent video games "were not predictive of youth violence and aggression". Anderson responded to the critique by acknowledging that the effect of video games on risk for later aggression was small and the aggression risk pod by video game violence should certainly be considered within the context of other risk factors. But, he also argued, exposure to video game violence is one risk factor for aggression that parents can readily do something about.（分数：10.00）
(1).The causal relation between virtual video games and real aggression has been _____.（分数：2.00）
模仿近义词 A.universally acknowledged
B.widely debated since long √
&firmed by a recent study
D.challenged only recently
解析：解析：本题询问虚拟电子游戏与现实生活中的好斗之间的因果关系，第一段就出现了相关内容。其中①句谈到电子游戏中的虚拟暴力是否会导致人在现实生活中暴躁好斗长期以来颇具争议，题干中的causal relation正好与文中的resulting in对应，B项中的debated since long与文中的has long been controversial吻合，故可确定B为本题答案。
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(2).The results of Craig Anderson's study shows that playing violent video games _____.（分数：2.00）
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A.mainly affects non-adults' aggressive behaviors
B.is very popular in developed countries
C.leads to aggressive behaviors in real life
D.rais the possibility of real violence √
解析：解析：根据题干中的人名Craig Anderson可定位到第二段。该段②句indicate之后的高考网
宾语从句表明，接触虚拟暴力行为会使人更容易有暴躁行为，D项中的rais the possibility与文中的increas the likelihood对应，real violence则与文中的aggressive behavior对应，故可确定D项为正确答案。
(3).According to Anderson, what should be our prent task about video games?（分数：2.00）
A.To point out their negative conquences.
B.To abandon rearches on their negative conquences.
C.To create good public and domestic environments. √
D.To forbid incorporating them as a healthy component.
解析：解析：根据题干中的Anderson，prent task以及video games可定位到第三段。Anderson在该段针对电子游戏的负面影响提出了建议。该段②句中的Now对应了题干所问的at prent，该句讲到要从creating public policies“制定公共政策”和promoting in-home a
pproaches“推行在家中可行的方法”着手，确保父母为孩子提供有益健康的环境，C项中的public及domestic分别对应了这两点，故C项为正确选项。
(4).According to Paragraph 4, Christopher Ferguson believes that_____.（分数：2.00）
A.Anderson exaggerates violent video games' effect 小班打击乐教案√
B.guardians' physical abu is a risk factor for youth violence
&uths' behavior may be affected by their neighbors
D.the risk of video games must be considered with other factors
解析：解析：根据题干可直接定位到第四段。该段讲述的是对上述研究的质疑和批评(critique)。①句明确提到Christopher认为安德森的研究结果高估(overestimated)了电子游戏产生的影响，A项中的exaggerate“夸大”与文中的overestimated对应，effect则与文中的influence同义，故确定A项是正确答案。
(5).Which of the following could be the most appropriate title for the text?（分数：2.00）
A.Real Violence as A Result of Virtual Brutality
B.Negative Effects of Violent Video Games
岳飞故里 C.Video Games: A Risk Factor for Aggression √
D.Pros and Cons of Video Games
解析：解析：主题大意题。全文的首句就提出了主题，即电子游戏中的虚拟暴力会不会导致人在现实生活中暴躁好斗，本文的主题词包括有video games，virtual violence，real violence，aggression等，四个选项中A项和C项涵盖了较多的主题词，其中C项的A Risk Factor还说明了电子游戏和现实生活中的暴躁好斗可能存在的关系，可以概括本文主题，故确定C项为本题答案。
The usual arguments for adding women directors are that diver boards are more creative and innovative, less inclined to "groupthink" and likely to be more independent from nior management. Numerous studies show that high proportions of women directors coincide with superior corporate performance. But there is little academically ac
cepted evidence of a causal relationship. It may be that thriving firms allow themlves the luxury of attending to social issues such as board diversity, whereas poorly performing ones batten down the hatches. Women do em to be particularly effective board members at companies where things are going wrong. A 2008 paper on the impact of female directors by Renee Adams and Daniel Ferreira of the University of Queensland and the London School of Economics found that boss of American firms who shares perform poorly are more likely to be fired if the firm has a relatively high number of women directors. On average, however, the paper concluded that firms perform wor as the proportion of women on the board increas. There is certainly no shortage of companies capable of producing outstanding results with few or no women on the board. Nor is there any doubt that in many cas low female reprentation also reflects a lack of meritocracy (rule by merit) in corporate culture. In France, for instance, interlocking board memberships are common. Women, and many other derving businesspeople, are excluded from the system. But what most prevents women from reaching the boardroom, say boss and headhunters, is lack of hands-on experience of a firm's core
business. Too many women go into functional roles such as accounting, marketing or human resources early in their careers rather than staying in the mainstream, driving profits. Getting men to show up at every board meeting—an effect of having more women on boards—is all very well, but what firms really need is savvy business advice. Yet according to EPWN, the pipeline of female executives is "almost empty": women occupy only 3% of executive roles on boards, compared with 12% of non-executive ones. That suggests that the best way to increa the number of women on boards is to ensure that more women gain the right experience further down the corporate hierarchy. That may be a slower process than imposing a quota, but it is also likely to be a more meaningful and effective one.（分数：10.00）
(1).The reason why diver board is cloly linked with thriving company is probably that _____.（分数：2.00）
A.women contribute more to the board than men
&ly successful firms can afford a diver board √
C.diver boards are academically accepted
D.diver boards are more creative and innovative
解析：解析：根据题干的diver board及thrivng company定位到第一段。题干说的“多元化董事会与兴旺的企业紧密相连”与第一段②句中提到的研究结果相符，文中③句说尚未有学术界接受的证据能证明两者之间的因果关系(即多元化董事会能导致企业兴旺)。④句解释说，可能只是因为兴旺的公司才有余力关心类似董事会多元化这样的问题，而效益较差的公司根本无暇顾及此类问题，B项与④句所述对应，故为正确答案。
(2).A 2008 paper on the impact of female directors suggests that_____.（分数：2.00）
A.women directors are not beneficial to business performance √
B.the proportion of women on the board remains stable
C.American boss will be fired if the firm shares perform poorly
莫等闲白了少年头空悲切的意思&panies are likely to produce bad results without women directors
秋天的寄语
