Unit 2 Mixed Feelings
Active Reading 1 How Empathy Unfolds同感是怎样表露的
Starting point
1. Questions: What are the ven emotions and the six nsory pleasures七情六欲?
2. Discussion: Are you an emotional person?
● what an emotional person is like
● the earliest emotions you can remember in your life
● one of the emotions you felt last time (happy, angry, shy, sad, depresd, frightened, annoyed, upt) ?
Text How Empathy Unfolds同感是怎样表露的
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1. The moment Hope, just nine months old, saw another baby fall, tears welled up in her own eyes and she crawled off to be comforted by her mother, as though it were she who had been hurt.
Hope was only a nine-month-old. But at the instant another baby had a fall, she emed to feel the same pain and, with tears in her eyes. she tried to get comfort from her mother
2. Virtually from the day they are born infants are upt when they hear another infant crying – a respon some e as the earliest precursor of empathy.
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3. Developmental psychologists have found that infants feel sympathetic distress even before they fully realize that they exist apart from other people.
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4. Such motor mimicry, as it is called, is the original technical n of the word empathy as it was first ud in the 1920s by E. B. Titchener, an American psychologist.
5. Titchener's theory was that empathy stemmed from a sort of physical imitation of the distress of another, which then evokes the same feelings in onelf.
6. He sought a word that would be distinct from sympathy, which can be felt for the general plight of another with no sharing whatever of what that other person is feeling.
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7. Motor mimicry fades from toddlers' repertoire at around two and a half years, at which point they realize that someone el's pain is different from their own, and are better able to comfort them.
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8. At this point in their development toddlers begin to diverge from one another in their overall nsitivity to other people's emotional upts, with some, like Jenny, keenly aware and others tuning out.
Patterns for imitation
1. The moment sb. does sth.
The moment Hope, just nine months old, saw another baby fall, tears welled up in her own eyes and she crawled off to be comforted by her mother, as though it were she who had been hurt.
2. On doing sth.
On eing his mother cry, one baby wiped his own eyes, though they had no tears.
Substitution work
Empathy, once known as motor mimicry, 财富传奇originates from physical imitation of others’ distress, which then arous the same feelings in onelf. Children em to feel other children’s pain and discomfort from the day they are born白细胞偏低吃什么—much earlier than they realize they exist as individuals.
By one year old, they start to learn the miry is someone el’s but still em confud about what to do. At around two and a half years, children may grow out of motor mimicry when they are able to differentiate their own feelings from others’ feelings, so they are able to u other means to comfort others. At the same time, their empathic concern begins to differ from one to another.
1. once | orginally |
2. originates from | stemmed from |
3. distress | pain/upts/miry/disturbance/plight/discomfort |
4. arous | evokes |
5. feel other children’s pain and discomfort | feel sympathetic distress |
6. the day they are born | infancy |
7. as individuals. | apart from other people |
8. miry | pain/upts/plight… |
9. children may grow out of motor mimicry | motor mimicry fades from toddlers’repertoire |
10. differentiate | distinguish stress |
11. empathic concern | nsivity to other’s emotional upts |
12. different | diverge |
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Usual Expressions
Par. | English Expression | Chine Translation |
1 | 1. tears well up | 泪水涌出 |
| 2. teddy bear | 玩具熊 |
| 3. curity blanket | 安乐毯 交换生需要什么条件 |
| 4. small acts of sympathy and caring | 表示同情和关爱的细微举动 |
| 5. incidents of empathy in action | 同感行为/同感举动 |
| 6. be traced to | 追溯到 |
| 7. the earliest precursor o f empathy | 最初先兆 |
2 | 8. developmental psychologist | 成长心理学家 |
| 9. sympathetic distress | 同情的苦恼 |
| 10. exist apart from other people | 独立于其他人而存在 |
| 11. react to a disturbance in others | 对别人的烦躁不安做出反应 |
| 12. em confud over | 似乎感到不知所措 |
3 | 13. motor mimicry | 运动神经模仿态度决定 |
| 14. stem from | 喜剧爱情电影源自 |
| 15. a physical imitation of another person’s distress | 对他人痛苦的一种身体模仿 |
| 16. evoke the same feelings | 引起相同的感受 |
| 17. be distinct from | 与…有区别 |
| 18. the general plight of another | 他人的一般困境 |
4 | 19. a typical incident | 一个典型事例 |
5 | 20. whimper to onelf | 带着哭腔低声自言自语 |
| 21. stroke one’s hair | 抚摸头发 |
| 22. pull away | 躲开 |
6 | 23. diverge from one another in… | 在···各有不同毒麻药品管理制度 |
| 24. overall ntivity to sth. | 对···的总体敏感度 |
| 25. keenl aware | 红烧大排做法 感同身受 |
| 26. tune out | 不予理睬 |
| 27. discipline one’s children | 调教子女/教养子女 |
| 28. call sb.s strong attention to | 让…特别注意到 |
| 29. shape children’s empathy | 影响儿童的同感心 |
| 30. develop a repertoire of empathic respon | 培养出一套同感反应行为 |
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