专升本英翻汉
具体技巧
剖析
技巧一:语词搭配
某些动词,在汉语中只能用于人。而英语中既可以用于人,又可用于物。所以,汉译时要符合汉语搭配习惯。比如 e 或 witness。
1949 saw the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
1. Dusk found her crying at a corner of this street.
黄昏时,有人看见她在街上的一个拐角处哭泣。
2。 His name escapes me for the moment。
我一时记不起他的名字。
技巧二:语词的引申
翻译中的引申,指的是在语言转换时,为适应译文表意或行文的需要,在原词或词组基本意思的基础上,对词义进行符合逻辑的调整或变动.翻译实践中常见的有:具体化、抽象化、逻辑化引申.豆腐面膜
3。 The car in front of me stalled and I misd the green.
我前面的那辆车停住了,我错过了可通行时间。
4. Plea don't wake a sleeping dog.
请不要惹是生非.
5. Don’t waste time on lf-congratulation; there is still work to do。
不要因为沾沾自喜而浪费时间;还有工作要做呢。
技巧三:语词的增译和省译
6。 He ate and drank, for he was exhausted。
他吃点东西,喝点酒,因为他疲惫不堪了.
用增词法试着翻译:
1. 累得我走不动了。
2。 留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
1. It makes me so tired that 黄油小饼干I can’t walk any more.
2。 While/Where there is life, there is hope。
7. As she sat down and began talking, words poured out。
韭黄和韭菜的区别她一坐下来就讲开了,滔滔不绝地讲个没完.
8。 I could have skinned Rupert in front of the whole audience。
我真恨不得帝国理工留学费用当着听众的面剥了鲁伯特的皮。
9. The doctor put the baby in her arms。 She kisd it on the forehead.
医生将婴儿放到她怀里,吻了吻孩子的前额。
A hor is a uful animal.
马是有用的动物.
10. We had much snow last year。
去年下了很多雪。
11。 Smoking is prohibited in public places.
公共场所,禁止吸烟。
12。 Many years pasd and the young man was very successfu in business。
许多年过去了,年轻人在生意上非常成功.
13. If I had known it, I would not have joined in it.
早知如此,我就不参加了。
技巧四:语词的词类转换
14. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.
看到我们的喷气式飞机,听到隆隆的机声,令我特别神往。
15. She opened the window to let fresh air in。
她打开窗子,让新鲜空气进来。
16. Johnson was eloquent and elegant—--——- but soft.
约翰逊有口才、有风度,但很软弱。
17. The White family were religious.
怀特一家都是虔诚的教徒。
18。 It is chiefly characterized by its easy operation.
它的主要特点是操作简单.
19. He is no smoker, but his father is a chain—smoker。
他倒是不抽烟,但他父亲却一支接着一支地抽.
技巧五:语词的正反替代法
也就是:把正说词从反面表达出来→ 正说反译;
把反说词从正面表达出来→ 反说正译。
如:
1。 正说反译
fail 没做成 deceptive 靠不住的
危险的 incure 厌恶情绪 dislike
2. 反说正译
incomplete 残缺的 infrequent 偶尔的
不到200英里 within 200 miles
20。 I misd what you said becau of the noi outside.
由于外面的噪音,我没听清楚你说的话。
21。 We were waiting the outcome with impatience.
我们焦急地等着结果.
22。 All articles are untouchable in the muum。
博物馆内所有的展品禁止触摸。
防患于未然技巧六:定语从句的翻译
前置译法
视力正常标准是多少 就是把相对较短的定语从句翻译为“…的”,来修饰先行词。
23. The boys who wanted to play football were disappointed when it rained.
这些新媒体策划渴望踢足球的孩子们因下雨而感到失望。
24。 Every mascot that symbolizes the Olympics is linked to the city and the country hosting the Games。
每个象征奥林匹克运动会的吉祥物都与奥运会举办城市和国家有联系。
试着翻译2005年专升本第68题:
68. If the killing continues, this wonderful animal , which took millions of years to develop, will be gone . (2005’)
答案:如果继续捕杀,这种经过几百万年进化而来的奇妙动物就会灭绝。
分译法
25。 “Nice” is the most overworked word in the English language who meaning can only be divined by its context.
在英语里,“nice”是个用的过滥的词,其意思只可通过上下文推测而得。
26. American education owes a great debt to Thomas Jefferson, who believed that only a nation of educated people could remain free。
托马斯—杰弗逊对美国的教育事业做出了巨大贡献。他认为只有受过教育的人民组成的国家才能保持自由。
请翻译2008年真题第67题:
67.Scientists are working on an electronic device, which could make life easier for the people。
答案:科学家们正在研制一种电子装置,它能让人们的生活更加便捷。
融合法
也就是把主句的主语或先行词和定语从句融合起来,翻译为一个独立的句子.
27。 There are some metals which posss the power to conduct electricity and ability to be magnetized.
某些金属既长白山作文能导电,也能被磁化。
特殊定语从句的翻译
As引导:先进行分译,然后把as翻译为“正如,像,如”等.
Which引导:先进行分译,然后把which译为“这,那,从而,因而"
28. More American troops are being nt to the Middle East, as I have learnt from the newspaper.