Chapter twelve
Multiple choices
1. The person who is often described as “a master of a discipline which he made modern” is
2. A. Firth B. Saussure C. Halliday D. Chomsky
2. the most important contribution of the Prague School to linguistics is that it es language in terms of .
A. function B. meaning C. signs D. system
3. The principal reprentative of American descriptive linguistics is .
A. Boas B. Sapir C. Bloomfield D. Harris
4. In Halliday’s view, the function is the function that the child us to know about his surroundings.
A. personal B. heuristic C. imaginative D. informative
5. The rheme in the ntence “On it stood Jane” is .
A. On it B. stood C. On it stood D. Jane
6. Chomsky follows 固原六盘山 in philosophy and mentalism in psychology.
A. empiricism B. behaviorism C. rationalism D. realism
7. Discovering procedures are practiced by .
A. descriptive grammar B. traditional grammar C. TG grammar D. functional grammar
8. In which of the following did Chomsky add the mantic component to his TG grammar for the first time?
A. The classic theory B. The standard theory C. The extended standard theory D. the minimalist program
9. According to Halliday, the three general functions of language are
A. ideational, interpersonal and textual B. ideational, informative and textual C. metalinguistic, interpersonal and textual D. ideational, interpersonal and referential
10, which of the following does not belong to the six process of transitivity?
A. Verbal process B. Relational process C. mental process D, physical process
11. According to theory, grammar refers to the initial state of the human language faculty.
A. Saussure’s B. Bloomfield’s C. Chomsky’s D. Halliday’s
12. rules may change the syntactic reprentation of a ntence.
A. Generative B. Transformational C. X-bar D. Phra structure
13. Generally speaking, the specifies whether a certain tagmeme is in the position of the Nucleus or of the Margin in the structure.
A. slot B. class C. role D. cohesion
用手织围巾Fill in the blanks
1. The publication of Syntactic Structures (1957) marked the beginning of the
斯嘉丽写真2. For Bloomfield, linguistic is a branch of psychology, and specifically of the positivistic brand of psychology known as .
3. The Prague School practiced a special style of linguistics.
4. The Prague School is best known and remembered for its contribution to phonology and distinction between and phonology.
5. In the history of American linguistics, the period between 1933 and 1950 is also known as the Era.
农村做什么生意好6. The starting point of Chomsky’s TG grammar is his hypothesis.
党的政治路线7. Chomsky argues that LAD probably consists of three elements, that is a , linguistic universal and an evaluation procedure.
8. Systemic-functional grammar takes the actual us of language as the object of study, while Chomsky’s TG grammar takes the ideal speaker’s linguistic as the object of study.
9. Behaviorism in linguistic holds that children learn language through a chain of reinforcement.
10. In his 在这一天的英文Aspects of the Theory of Syntax, Chomsky made a remarkable change by including a component in his grammatical model.
11. The structural approach to the analysis of language was started by the Swiss linguist in the beginning of the twentieth century.
12. Functional Sentence Perspective (FSP) is a theory of linguistic analysis which describes how is distributed in ntences.
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13. Systemic-functional Grammar, unlike traditional grammar which takes ntence as the largest unit, takes 优雅反义词as the basic unit.
14. The principal reprentative of American descriptive linguistics is Bloomfield, who book (1933) was once held as the model of scientific methodology.
15. , born in 1928, is all American linguist, educator, and political activist. He is the founder of transformational-generative grammar, a system that revolutionized modern linguistics.
Explain the following terms
1. Transformational-generative grammar (TG grammar): is propod by Noam Chomsky. He postulated a syntactic ba of language (called deep structure), which consists of a ries of phra-structure rewrite rules, i. e., a ries of rules that generates the underlying phra-structure of a ntence. The end result of a transformational-generative grammar is a surface structure that is identical to an actual ntence of a lang
uage, after the mediating of a ries of rules (called transformations) that act upon the deep structures.
