2016年12月大学英语六级真题(第2套)
PartⅠWriting(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay on innovation.Your essay should include the importance of innovation and measures to be taken to encourage innovation.You are required to write at least150words but no more than200words.
PartⅡListening Comprehension(30minutes)Section A
Directions:In this ction,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choo the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.
Questions1to4are bad on the conversation you have just heard.
1. A.They were all good at cooking. B.They were particular about food.
C.They were proud of their cuisine.
D.They were fond of bacon and eggs.
加瓦尔油田
2. A.His parents. B.His friends.
C.His schoolmates.
D.His parents'friends.
3. A.No tea was rved with the meal. B.It was the real English breakfast.
C.No one of the group ate it.
D.It was a little overcooked.
白萝卜炖猪排骨4. A.It was full of excitement. B.It was really extraordinary.
C.It was a risky experience.
D.It was rather disappointing.
Questions5to8are bad on the conversation you have just heard.
5. A.The woman's relationship with other shops. B.The business success of the woman's shop.
C.The key to running a shop at a low cost.
D.The woman's earnings over the years.
6. A.Improve its customer rvice. B.Expand its business scale.
C.Keep down its expens.
D.Upgrade the goods it lls.
7. A.They are sold at lower prices than in other shops.B.They are very-popular with the local residents.
太史公C.They are delivered free of charge.
D.They are in great demand.
8. A.To follow the custom of the local shopkeepers.
B.To attract more customers in the neighborhood.
C.To avoid being put out of business in competition.
手部皱纹多如何去除
四妙丸说明书D.To maintain friendly relationships with other shops.
Section B
班长自荐书Directions:In this ction,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choo the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.
Questions9to12are bad on the passage you have just heard.
9. A.They can be ud to deliver messages in times of emergency.
B.They deliver pollutants from the ocean to their nesting sites.
C.They carry plant eds and spread them to faraway places.
D.They are on the verge of extinction becau of pollution.
10. A.They migrate to the Arctic Circle during the summer.
B.They originate from Devon Island in the Arctic area.
C.They travel as far as400kilometers in arch of food.
D.They have the ability to survive in extreme weathers.
11. A.They were carried by the wind. B.They had become more poisonous.
C.They were less than on the continent.
D.They poisoned some of the fulmars.
12. A.The threats humans po to Arctic abirds,
B.The diminishing colonies for Arctic abirds.
C.The harm Arctic abirds may cau to humans.
D.The effects of the changing climate on Arctic abirds.
Questions13to15are bad on the passage you have just heard.
13. A.It has decread. B.It has been exaggerated.
C.It has become better understood.
D.It has remained basically the same.
14. A.It develops more easily in centenarians not actively engaged.
B.It is now the cond leading cau of death for centenarians.
C.It has had no effective cure so far.
D.It calls for more intensive rearch.
15. A.They care more about their physical health. B.Their quality of life deteriorates rapidly.
C.Their minds fall before their bodies do.
D.They cherish their life more than ever. Section C
Directions:In this ction,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four q
uestions.The recordings will be played only once.After you hear a question,you must choo the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions16to18are bad on the recording you have just heard.
16. A.They are focud more on attraction than love.
B.They were done by his former colleague at Yale.
C.They were carried out over a period of some thirty years.
D.They form the basis on which he builds his theory of love.
17. A.The relationship cannot last long if no passion is involved.
B.Intimacy is esntial but not absolutely indispensable to love.
C.It is not love if you don't wish to maintain the relationship.
D.Romance is just impossible without mutual understanding.
气管炎会传染吗
18. A.Which of them is considered most important.
B.Whether it is true love without commitment.
C.When the abnce of any one doesn't affect the relationship.
D.How the relationship is to be defined if any one is missing.
Questions19to22are bad on the recording you have just heard.
19. A.Social work as a profession.
B.The history of social work.
C.Academic degrees required of social work applicants.
D.The aim of the National Association of Social Workers.
20. A.They try to change people's social behavior.
B.They help enhance the well-being of the underprivileged.
C.They rai people's awareness of the environment.
D.They create a lot of opportunities for the unemployed.
21. A.They have all received strict clinical training.
B.They all have an academic degree in social work.
C.They are all members of the National Association.
D.They have all made a difference through their work.
22. A.The promotion of social workers'social status.B.The importance of training for social workers.
C.Ways for social workers to meet people's needs.
D.Social workers'job options and responsibilities. Questions23to25are bad on the recording you have just heard.
23. A.To fight childhood obesity. B.To help disadvantaged kids.
C.To encourage kids to play more sports.
D.To urge kids to follow their role models.
24. A.They best boost product sales when put online.
B.They are most effective when appearing on TV.
C.They are becoming more and more prevalent.
D.They impress kids more than they do adults.
25. A.Always place kids'interest first. B.Do what they advocate in public.
C.Message positive behaviors at all times.
D.Pay attention to their image before children. PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this ction,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to lect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Plea
mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not u any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions26to35are bad on the following passage.
The tree people in the Lord of the Rings--the Ents----can get around by walking.But for real trees,it's harder to uproot.Becau they're literally rooted into the ground,they are unable to leave and go26.
When a tree first starts growing in a certain area,it's likely that the27envelope—the temperature, humidity,rainfall patterns and so on--suits it.Otherwi,it would be unable to grow from a edling.But as it28,the conditions may change and the area around it may no longer be suitable for its29.
When that happens,many trees like walnuts,oaks and pines,rely30on so-called"scatter hoarders,"such as birds,to move their eds to new localities.Many birds like to store food for the winter, which they31retrieve.when the birds forget to retrieve their food--and they do sometimes--a edling has a chance to grow.The bird Clark's nutcracker,for example,hides up to100,000eds per year,up to30 kilometers away from the ed source,and has a very clo symbiotic(共生的)relationship with veral pine species,most32the whitebark pine.
As trees outgrow their ideal33in the face of climate change,the flying ecosystem engineers could be a big help in34trees.It's a solution for us--getting birds to do the work is cheap and effective--and it could give35oaks and pines the option to truly"make like a tree and leave."
A.ages
B.breathing
C.climatic
D.elwhere
F.forever
G.fruitful
H.habitats
I.legacy
K.planting M.subquently N.vulnerable O.withdraws
Section B
Directions:In this ction,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choo a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.
The American Workplace Is Broken.Here's How We Can Start Fixing It.
[A]Americans are working longer and harder hours than ever before.83%of workers say they're stresd about their jobs,nearly50%say work-related stress is interfering with their sleep,and60%u their smartphones to check in with work outside of normal working hours.No wonder only13%of employees worldwide feel engaged in their occupation.
[B]Glimmers(少许)of hope,however,are beginning to emerge in this bruising environment:Americans are becoming aware of the toll their jobs take on them,and employers are exploring ways to alleviate
the harmful effects of stress and overwork.Yet much more work remains to be done.To call stress an epidemic isn't exaggeration.The83%of American employees who are stresd about their jobs--up from73%just a year before--say that poor compensation and an unreasonable workload are their number-one sources of stress.And if you suspected that the workplace had gotten more stressful than it was just a few decades ago, you're right.Stress levels incread18%for women and24%for men from1983to2009.Stress is also starting earlier in life,with some data suggesting that today's teens are even more stresd than adults. [C]Stress is taking a significant toll on our health,and the collective public health cost may be enormous. Occupational stress increas the risk of heart attack and diabetes,accelerates the aging process,decreas longevity,and contributes to depression and anxiety,among numerous other negative health outcomes. Overall,stress-related health problems account for up to90%of hospital visits,many of them preventable. Your job is"literally killing you,"as The Washington Post put it.It's also hurting our relationships.Working parents say they feel stresd,tired,rushed and short on quality time with their children,friends and partners.
[D]Seven in10workers say they struggle to maintain work-life balance.As technology(and with it,work emails)eps(渗入)into every aspect of our lives,work-life balance has become an almost meaningless term.Add a rapidly changing economy and an uncertain future to this24/7connectivity,a
疱疹治疗方法nd you've got a recipe for overwork,according to Phyllis Moen."There's rising work demand coupled with the incurity of mergers,takeovers,downsizing and other factors,"Moen said."Part of the work-life issue has to talk about uncertainty about the future."
[E]The factors have converged to create an increasingly impossible situation with many employees overworking to the point of burnout.It's not only unsustainable for workers,but also for the companies that employ them.Science has shown a clear correlation between high stress levels in workers and abnteeism (旷工),reduced productivity,dingagement and high turnover.Too many workplace policies effectively prohibit employees from developing a healthy work-life balance by barring them from taking time off,even when they need it most.
[F]The ails far behind every wealthy nation and many developing ones that have family-friendly work policies including paid parental leave,paid sick days and breast-feeding support.according to a2007 study.The U.S.is also the only advanced economy that does not guarantee workers paid vacation time,and it's one of only two countries in the world that does not offer guaranteed paid maternity leave.But even when employees are given paid time off,workplace norms and expectations that pressure them to overwork often prevent them from taking it.Full-time employees who do have paid vacation days only u half of them on average.
[G]Our modern workplaces also operate bad on outdated time constraints.The practice of clocking in for an eight-hour workday is a leftover from the days of the Industrial Revolution,as reflected in the then-popular saying,"Eight hours labor,eight hours recreation,eight hours rest."
[H]We've held on to this workday structure--but thanks to our digital devices,many employees never really clock out.Today,the average American spends8.8hours at work daily,and the majority of working
professionals spend additional hours checking in with work during evenings,weekends and even vacations. The problem isn't the technology itlf,but that the technology is being ud to create more flexibility for the employer rather than the employee.In a competitive work environment,employers are able to u technology to demand more from their employees rather than motivating workers with flexibility that benefits them.
[I]In a study published last year,psychologists coined the term"workplace telepressure"to describe an employee's urge to immediately respond to emails and engage in obssive thoughts about returning an email to one's boss,colleagues or clients.The rearchers found that telepressure is a major cau of stress at work,which over time contributes to physical and mental burnout.Of the300e
mployees participating in the study,tho who experienced high levels of telepressure were more likely to agree with statements asssing burnout,like"I've no energy for going to work in the morning,"and to report feeling fatigued and unfocud.Telepressure was also correlated with sleeping poorly and missing work.
[J]Harvard Business School professor Leslie Perlow explains that when people feel the pressure to be always"on,"they find ways to accommodate that pressure,including altering their schedules,work habits and interactions with family and friends.Perlow calls this vicious cycle the"cycle of responsiveness": Once boss and colleagues experience an employee's incread responsiveness,they increa their demands on the employee's time.And becau a failure to accept the incread demands indicates a lack of commitment to one's work,the employee complies.
[K]To address skyrocketing employee stress levels,many companies have implemented workplace wellness programs,partnering with health care providers that have created programs to promote employee health and well-being.Some rearch does suggest that the programs hold promi.A study of employees at health insurance provider Aetna revealed that roughly one quarter of tho taking in-office yoga and mindfulness class reported a28%reduction in their stress levels and a20
%improvement in sleep quality. The less-stresd workers gained an average of62minutes per week of productivity.While yoga and meditation(静思)are scientifically proven to reduce stress levels,the programs do little to target the root caus of burnout and dingagement.The conditions creating the stress are long hours,unrealistic demands and deadlines,and work-life conflict.
[L]Moen and her colleagues may have found the solution.In a2011study,she investigated the effects of implementing a Results Only Work the productivity and well-being of employees at Best Buy's corporate headquarters.
[M]For the study,325employees spent six months taking part in ROWE,while a control group of334 employees continued with their normal workflow.The ROWE participants were allowed to freely determine when,where and how they worked--the only thing that mattered was that they got the job done. The results were striking.After six months,the employees who participated in ROWE reported reduced work-family conflict and a better n of control of their time,and they were getting a full hour of extra sleep each night.The employees were less likely to leave their jobs,resulting in reduced turnover.It's important to note that the incread flexibility didn't encourage them to work around the clock."They didn't work anywhere and all the time--they were better able to manage their work,"Moe
n said."Flexibility and control is key,"she continued.
36.Workplace norms pressure employees to overwork,deterring them from taking paid time off.
37.The overwhelming majority of employees attribute their stress mainly to low pay and an excessive workload.
38.According to Moen,flexibility gives employees better control over their work and time.
39.Flexibility resulting from the u of digital devices benefits employers instead of employees.
