姓名：全雪萍 学号：1430100137 班级：1401 广开头的成语天津师范大学考试试卷 | |
怎么搭配衣服2016—2017学年第二学期期末考试答题纸（ A卷） | |
科目：学术论文写作 学院：外语学院 专业：英语2014级 | |
题号 | 总分 | 阅卷人 | |
| | | |
| | 实验室制乙烯 | | | |
Title:A Comparative Analysis of Severe “ Marginalization” of Middle-aged
and Elderly Women Reflected in The Swing and Death in the Woods
from Feminist Perspective苹果6s处理器
从女性主义的角度比较分析《秋千》和《林中之死》中反映出的
日记可以写什么内容
中老年女性被严重“边缘化”现象
Literature review:
Sherwood Anderson and Mary Gavell both are the famous American short story writers in 20 the century, and they both have many reprentatives, Death in the Woods and The Swing are more well-known by people among them.
There are few rearches about Mary Gavell’ s The Swing, and mainly in domestic, the rearchers of The Swing mainly concentrate on following aspects: Magic realism, for instance, Li Yali analyzes the employment of magic realism in The Swing from the perspective of the tting, the narrative mode and the theme；Fraud’ s psychoanalytic theory, Zhang Xiuli employs Fraud’ s dream and reality view to analyze this short story, she advocates that dream is the bridge to combine the past with prent; Zhu Xiaoyi also us Fraud’ s dream and reality view to elaborate this story, while she believes that this story mainly wants to express heroine’ s desire of the man, becau she can’t get love and comfort from her husband in reality, she is only able to get the from her young son in dream；Spacial image, Zeng Rujun and Zhang Huaihai maintain that the author employs the literary reprentation creatively, places the whole story on the dynamic combination of material space and spiritual space, and forms a strong tension between th
e two spaces and the time, at the same time, the author endows abundant social, cultural and ethical connotations to the space, which makes the story is full of artistic charm and deep insight.
And the study of Death in the Woods is relatively large, and has a variety of rearch directions, but most of them still belong to domestic. The main rearch directions can be divided into following categories: analyze the story from various perspectives or with a variety of literary theories, such as, Eco-feminism, archetypal analysis, aesthetic perspective and so on; or analyze the author’ s writing style or writing techniques; or elaborate the story’s language features and narrative art; or make a comparison or contrast with other works, for example, Lu Xun’ s Blessing.
And there are 18 essays mention women’ s tragedy and disct the caus of women’ s tragedy is the male-centered patriarchal society. In the 18 essays, Sun Man Chen Si, Shi Jing, He Yaqing and Yang Kun all interpret this story from eco-feminism perspective; Li Min Sun Shufang, Zhao Binyu,Donglu and Yang Chunquan all analyze the heroine’s im
age; Zhou Lili, Yang Daoyun, Zhang Jun, Li Tianshu, Wang Aifang, Pan Qunying and Xu Yigang compare this story with other works; Wu Yuesheng’s two essays both give systematic and deep analysis of this story’s theme; while Ma Linjuan points out its Female Gothic elements and women’ s identity crisis in the patriarchal society.
Although the rearches for the two stories mention the two author’s concern and humanistic care for women, also preliminarily discuss the caus of women’ s tragedy, nobody points out that the middle-aged and elderly women group reprented by the two heroines has been verely marginalized , and no one interprets the two stories in Beauvoir’ s feminist theories. So this essay mainly us Beauvoir’ s feminist views in The Second Sex to interpret the caus of the two heroine’s vere marginalization from family and society aspects, in order to arou more people’s attention and concern to the middle-aged and elderly women.
Beauvoir’ s The Second Sex is one of the most important works of modern feminist theory, she bas on the macro perspective of human consciousness to capture the flash
of male consciousness form a large number of myths and literary works , and explores the genders’ human civilization and she pinpoints man how to define himlf as “Self” and define woman as “Other” in order to establish man’s ontological status. She writes:
She is defined and different with reference to man and not he with reference to her, she is the incidental, the inesntial as oppod to the esntial. He is the Subject, he is the Absolute-she is the Other. (Beauvoi民事案由口腔溃疡吃什么药好r, The Second Sex,1972: 6)
As for the caus of woman’s “ the cond x” and the status of “the Other”, she expounds :
No subject will readily volunteer to become the object, the inesntial; it is not the Other who, in defining himlf as the Other, establishes the One. The Other is pod as such by the One in defining himlf as the One.(8)
In other words, she believes that woman’s status of “the Other” is always cloly related to her overall “unfavorable situation.On the one hand, it comes from the patriarchal societ
y and male consciousness. Beauvoir holds a opinion that the patriarchy rul小学一年级拼音拼读练习ing woman to stay at home determines she is emotional, introverted and internal. It is the male consciousness that leads to the formation of woman’s “internality”.On the other hand,it is the result of woman’s “internality”. Biologically speaking, it derives from her function of bearing; historically speaking, it stems from prehistorical division of labor: rearing children. It is such kind of “internality” of bearing and rearing children that restricts her “transcendence” and makes her become “the Other” and “ the cond x”. Therefore, Beauvoir reckons that man is being-for-itlf and transcendent lf; while woman is being-in-itlf and internal lf.
Beauvoir also interprets the unfavorable situation of middle-aged and elderly women, she deems that middle-aged and elderly women have to confront with more difficult and sophisticated situations than younger women, “old women and ugly women are not only the unattractive object——but also create the hate mingled with fear. Once their charm as wife has vanished, the disturbing image as mother will reappear.”(69) and she also writes:
She has learned to devote herlf to someone, but nobody needs her devotion now. She is uless, her validity of existence can’t be verified, so she only can hope to drag out an ignoble existence when she is old and ailing like a candle guttering in the wind, and she just can say to herlf: “ no one needs me anymore.” (504)
Beauvoir also refers to the relationship between the middle-aged and elderly women with their sons, she says: “he will protect her from her husband’s dominance and her to revenge her lovers; he will be her liberator and savior.”(506) , and “mother hopes to protect him and take him to his childhood.”(508) this is exactly the same as the plot in The Swing: the heroine feels that no one needs her anymore, she is lonely and helpless, so she begins to dream that her son turns back to his childhood and comforts her in the nights.
