阅读判断7 ：Moderate Earthquake Strikes England 中度地震袭击英国
A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007，toppling chimneys from hous and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power in Kent County. One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries.妈妈不在家
2007年4月28日英格兰东南部地区发生中度地震，一些房屋烟囱倒塌，许多居民半夜从睡梦中惊醒。肯特郡几千人遭遇断电，一名女子头部和颈部受了轻伤。
"lt felt as if the whole hou was being slid across like a fun-fair ride," said the woman.
“我感觉整个房子就像游乐场的滑行机一样在滑动。”该女子说。
The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake struck at 8: and was centered under the English Channel，about 8.5 miles south of Dover and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel.
英国地质调查局说，本次里氏4．3级的地震发生于上午8点l9分，震中在英吉利海峡辩论赛辩题底部，位于多佛尔以南约8.5英里处的海峡隧道入口附近。
Witness said cracks appeared in walls and chimneys collapd across the county. Residents said the tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 conds.
一些目击者看到郡中墙壁出现裂缝，并有烟囱倒塌。当地居民说震动大约持续了10～l5秒。
"I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me." said Hendrick van Eck，27，of Canterbury about 60 miles southeast of London."I then heard the sound of cracking，and it was getting heavier and heavier.It felt as if someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down."
“我当时躺在床上，觉得好像旁边有人从床上站起来。”住在伦敦东南部60英里处的27岁的Hendrick van Eek说，“然后我听到有东西裂开的声音，而且越来越响。就好像有人在我床尾不停地并着脚跳。治口腔溃疡最快的药”
There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year，but they are rare in Britain. The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4.8-magnitude quake struck the central England city of Birmingham.
这种规模的中度地震世界上每年都会发生几千次，但在英国仍非常少见。4月28日的地震是英国自2002年中部城市伯明翰里氏4．8级地震以来最强的一次。
The country's strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in 1931，measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had en veral of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain，including one in 1580 that caud damage in London and was felt in France. Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time before another earthquake struck this part of England. However，people should not be scared too much by this prediction，Musson said，as the modern earthquake warning system of Britain should be able to detect a forthcoming quake and announce it veral hours before it takes place. This would allow time for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the minimum.
英国的地震最高曾达到里氏6.1级，l931年发生在北海。英国地质勘测所的科学家罗杰?马森说，4月28日发生地震的地区曾经遭受过几起英国最大的地震，其中的一次发生在1580年，那次地震蹂躏了伦敦，并波及法国。马森预言英格兰的这个地区早晚还会发生地
震，但他说人们不必对此产生太大恐惧，因为英国的现代地震预警系统应该能够侦测即将发生的地震，并在震前数小时内通知大家。这将使人们有时间撤离震区，并把损失降到最低。
词汇:
moderate /'mɔdərit / adj. 中等的 magnitude /'mægnitju:d/ n. 值，强度量
topple /’tɔpl/ v. 倾倒，震倒 rou /ravz/ v. 唤醒
tremor /’tremə (r) / n.震动 hop /hɔp/ v. 齐足跳起
fun-fair n. 公共露天游乐场 scale /skeil/ n. 震级
forthcoming /‘fɔ:θ’kʌmiŋ)/ adj. 即将来临的 evacuate /i'vækjveit / v. 疏散
geological / d假期感受ʒiə'lɔdʒikəl/ adj. 地质的
注释:
1. power:电力
2. Kent County:肯特郡[位于英格兰东南部]
3.It felt as if the whole hou was being slid across like a fun-fair ride. 它(地震)英国保守党给人的感觉是
整幢房子就像游乐场的滑行机一样在滑动.ride是游乐场供人玩乐的乘坐式的活动装置。as if 是"好像……一样；仿佛"，例如:He treated me as if I were his son. 他待我如同待他的儿子一样。
4. the.4.3-magnitude quake:里氏4.3级地震
5. English Channel:英吉利海峡
6. Dover:多佛尔[英格兰东南部港口城市]
7. Channel Tunnel:海峡隧道。Channel Tunnel (常简称为Chunnel)是连接英法两国的海峡隧道。
8. Canterbury:坎特伯雷[英格兰东南部城市，中世纪时曾是宗教朝圣圣地]
9. it was getting heavier and heavier:爆裂声越来越响
10. Birmingham:伯明翰[英格兰中部城市]
11. the Richter scale:里氏震级表。美国地震学家 Charles Francis Richter (1900-1985)于1935年制定了地震震级表。
苏轼一生经历概括
12. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had en veral of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain，including one in1580 that caud damage in London and was felt in France.英国地质勘测所的科学家 Roger Musson 说，4月28日发生地震的地区曾经遭受过几起英国最大的地震，其中的一次发生在1580年，那次地震蹂躏了伦敦，并波及法国。
13. a matter of time:时间问题。又如: It's not a matter of money. 这个不是钱的问题。
练习:
1. During the April 28 earthquake，the whole England was left without power.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
2. The Channel Tunnel was clod for 10 hours after the earthquake occurred.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
3. It was reported that one lady had got her head and neck injured，but not riously.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
4. France and veral other European countries nt their medical teams to work side by
side with the British doctors.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
5. The country's strongest earthquake took place in London in 1580.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
6. Musson predicted that another earthquake would occur in southeast England sooner or later.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
7. It can be inferred from the passage that England is rarely hit by high magnitude earthquakes.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
答案与题解:
1. B 题句说2007年4月28日的地震致使全英格兰都停电，与短文第一段第一句表达的内容不符。短文说地震殃及英格兰东南部的肯特郡部分地区，电力中断，几千名居民无电可用。所以，题句是错误的，答案为B。
2. C 本题所说的意思是:地震发生后，海峡隧道关闭了10小时。题句表达的内容短文中找不到，故答案为C。
3. A 题句的意思是:地震中一个妇女的头部和颈部受了点轻伤。题句表达的意思与第一段最后一句表达的内容相符。所以选项A特殊服务美容室是答案。
4. C 题句表达的意思是:法国和其他几个欧洲国家派遣他们的医疗队去英国与当地的医生并肩工作。这一内容短文中找不到，故答案为C。
5. B 题句所说的英国最强烈的地震于1580年发生在伦敦，这与短文表述的事实不符。短文第七段第一句明白无误地说，英国最强烈的地震于1931年发生在北海。题句表达的信息是错误的，故答案为B。
6. A 题句说Masson预言在英格兰东南部迟早将发生另一次地震。这一说法与短文最后一段第三句所表达的意思相符。所以答案是A。
7. A 短文第六段第一句说，全球每年发生强度为里氏4级左右的地震有几千次，但是这种中等强度的地震在英格兰很少发生。据此，读者可以容易地推断出，高震级的地震在英格兰就更少见了。
What Is a Dream?
For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however， think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person’s mind and emotions.
Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.
The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person’s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.
The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2 was once a student of Freud’s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpo of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themlves by thinking about their dreams. For example, people who dream about falling
may learn that they have too high an opinion of themlves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themlves.
Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz，believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person’s daily life, thoughts, and behavior. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.
Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His rearch shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.
He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men’s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women’s dreams.3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.
Can dreams help us understand ourlves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this
question in different ways. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn’t panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It’s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.
词汇：
psychologist 心理学家 psychiatrist 精神病学家
Austrian 奥地利的 gender 性别
注释：
1.Sigmund Freud西格蒙德·弗洛伊德(1856—1939)，犹太人，奥地利精神病医生及精神分析学家。精神分析学派的创始人。他认为被压抑的欲望绝大部分是属于性的，性的扰乱是精神病的根本原因。著有《性学三论》《梦的释义》《图腾与禁忌》《日常生活的心理病理学》《精神分析引论》《精神分析引论新编》等。
2.Carl Jung：卡尔·荣格，瑞士著名精神分析专家，分析心理学的创始人。
3.For example, the people in men’s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women’s dreams.例如，在男性梦境中出现的通常是其
他男性而且常与打斗有关，而女性的梦境则不是这样。
练习：
1.Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
2.According to Freud, people dream about things that they cannot talk about.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
3.Jung believed that dreams did not help one to understand onelf.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
4.In the past, people believed that dreams involved emotions.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
5.According to Domhoff, babies do not have the same ability to dream as adults do.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
6.Men and women dream about different things.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
7.Scientists agree that dreams predict the future.
A Right B Wrong Cziji Not mentioned
答案与题解
1.A 这句话恰好表达了本文第一段的意思。即有些心理学家认为，人脑睡眠中的活动没有特别意义;而有些人则认为，梦可以揭示人的思维和情感。
2.A 第三段的最后一句讲的是弗洛伊德认为梦反映了人们在现实情况下害怕表达的情感、想法或恐惧。此句与本叙述一致。
3.B 第四段的第二句和第三句：Jung believed that the purpo of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer.(荣格认为梦的用途是向做梦者传递一个信息)He thought people could learn more about themlves by thinking about their dreams.(他认为人们通过思考所做的梦能够更好地了解自己)。他给出了两个例子来说明他的论点。
4.C 文中没有提及。
5.A 依据第六段，Domhoff研究得出：婴儿不像成人做那么多的梦，做梦是一种需要时间提高的技能。这就说明了婴儿不具备成人做梦的能力。
6.A 本文第七段讲述了做梦与性别的关系。第二句更指出男人和女人做的梦是不同的。
7.B 最后一段的倒数第二句讲的是：梦可能会有意义，但并不表示一些恐怖事情就一定会发生。因而不能预测未来。
译文：梦是什么
几百年来，人们都对他们梦到的奇异的事情感到疑惑。一些心理学家认为，这种大脑的夜间活动并没有特殊含义，另一些人则认为，梦是生命重要的一部分。实际上，许多专家认为，梦能揭示人的心理和情感活动。
近代以前，很多人认为梦传递的是上帝的信息。直到20世纪，人们才开始从科学的角度研究梦。
奥地利心理学家西格蒙德·弗洛伊德或许是第一个用科学的方法研究梦的人。在他的著作《 梦的解析》(1900) 中，弗洛伊德写道，梦是一个人愿望的表达。他认为梦打开了一扇窗，让人们得以表达在生活中不敢表达的情感、思想和恐惧。
瑞士精神病学家卡尔 ·荣格曾是弗洛伊德的学生，但他对梦的看法与弗洛伊德不同，他认为，梦的作用是给做梦的人传递一种信息，而人们通过自己的梦，可以对自己有一个更深刻的了解。比如，如果一个人梦到从高处坠落，那么他应该反思自己是不是自视过高。反过来，如果梦中自己成了英雄，应该想想平时可能太看低自己了。
现代心理学家还在继续发展关于梦的理论，来自位于圣克鲁兹的加利福尼亚大学的威廉· 多姆霍夫就是其中一位。他认为，梦境和一个人的日常生活、思想和行为都紧密相关，比方说，一个罪犯就可能梦到犯罪。
多姆霍夫还认为，梦和年龄也有关系。他的研究表明，孩子不像成人那么多梦。他认为，做梦也是一项心理机能，也随着年龄增长而发展。
多姆霍夫还发现梦和性别之间的关系。通过研究. 他发现男性和女性的梦境常常是不同的。例如，在男性梦境中出现的通常是其他男性，而且常与打斗有关，而女性的梦境则不是这样。多姆霍夫研究了全世界来自11种不同文化的古今案例，得出了上述结论。
梦能帮助我们更好地了解自己吗?心理学家还在尝试通过不同方式来解答这个问题，不过，有一件事他们是意见一致的：如果你梦到有不好的事要发生，不要慌张。梦确实有含义，但也不意味着你梦到的事真的会发生。要记住，梦中的世界并不是真实的世界。
The Biology of Music （B级）
Humans u music as a powerful way to communicate. It may also play an important role in love. But what is music, and how does it work its magic? Science does not yet have all the answers.
What are two things that make humans different from animals? One is language, and me other is music. It is true that some animals can sing ( and many birds sing better than a lot of people).
However,the songs of animals, such as birds and whales, are very limited. It is also true that I humans, not animals , have developed musical instruments.
Music is strange stuff. It is clearly different from language. However,people can u music to communicate things - especially their emotions. When music is combined with speech in a song .it is a very powerful form of communication. But,biologically speaking , what is music"?
