（1）except表示“除去，不包括”，强调所排除的“不包括在内”，一般表示同类之间的关系，常同nothing, all, none, nobody, any等不定代词以及every连用。
① The office is open every day except Sundays. 除了星期日这家公司每天都营业。
香槟花语② You can have any of the cakes except this one. 除了这块蛋糕，你哪块都能吃。
③ She saw nothing except snow. 除了雪她什么也没看见。
（2）except经常接名词、代词，也可接副词，介词短语，不带to的不定式或从句等。例如：
④ She looked everywhere except here. 除了这里，她到处看。
⑤金钱树养殖 You may drop in at any time except at noon. 除了中午，你任何时候来都可以。
⑥ She doesn’t do anything except sit and watch TV. 除了坐着看电视外，她什么也不做。
⑦ It was a good hotel except that it was rather noisy. 这家旅馆还不错，只可惜吵。
恋母情话⑧ He usually goes to work by bicycle except when it rains. 除了下雨的时候，他通常骑自行车去上班。
（3）except for也表示“除…以外”，指对某种基本情况进行具体的细节方面的修正。它同except的区别是：except for后接的词同句子中的整体词（主语）不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节，一个方面；而except后接的词同整体词（主语）一般是同类，指在同类的整体中除去一个部分。例如:
All the buildings are excellent except this one.
All the buildings are excellent except for their location或者All the buildings are excellent except that the place on which the buidings are built is not good.
I can answer all the questions except for the last one.除了最后一题外,所有题目我都可以解答.
Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes.除了几处语法错误外,你的作文写得很好.
（4）当except用在句首时往往改用except for。例如:
There was no single person in the dark street that night except a policeman on his duty.此句相当于:
Except for a policeman on his duty, there was no single person in the dark street that night.
(5) apart from 表示“除 …之外”.根据上、下文的不同,它既可用作 besides, 也可用作 except 和 except for.例如:
Apart from them, I had no one to talk to. （= except）
除了他们以外, 我没有人说话.
Apart from other considerations, time is also a factor. (=besides）
除了别的考虑之外,时间也是一个因素.
(It is) Good work apart from a few slight faults. (= except for）
除了几个小毛病以外,这是一篇佳作.
(6). 假若but for表示if it were not for或if it had not been for这样的意思（即表示“若不是”“要不是”），它一定要与虚拟语气连用。如：
But for his pension, he would starve. 要不是他有养老金，他就挨饿了。
But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. 要不是碰到暴雨，我们还会早些到。
But for your help we couldn’thave succeeded in the experiment. 如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。
Practice
1. I know nothing about the young lady＿＿＿she is from Beijing.(2000年上海高考题)
A. except B. except for C. except that D. besides
2. The suit fitted him well＿＿＿the colour was a little brighter.(2000年上海春季高考题)
文天祥宁死不屈的故事
A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides
3. He did have nothing to eat but＿＿＿＿＿.
A. to steal some food from the shop B. to rob some food of the shop
C. steal some food from the shop D. rob some food of the shop
4. Jane was quite alone in the world＿＿＿＿an aunt in Brazil.
A. except B. except for C. besides D. instead of
5.＿＿＿＿being a little large, the hat looks nice.
A. Apart from B. Except C. But for D. Besides for
6. In no country＿＿＿Britain can one experience four asons in the cour of a single day.
A. other than B. anything that C. more than D. rather than
rather than是连词，前后两端所连的词性是一致的，通常译为“而不是”或“与其说是……不如说是”，有时可用短语介词instead of替代。例如：
He was engaged in writing a letter rather than(= instead of) reading the newspaper. 他那时是在写信而不是看报纸。
John ought to go rather than(= instead of) Jean. 应该去的是约翰，而不是吉恩。
The shoes are comfortable rather than pretty. 这些鞋子谈不上漂亮，但穿起来倒很舒服。
酸辣绿豆芽Evans is a historian rather than a writer. 埃文斯与其说是个作家，不如说是个史学家。 今年流行服装
other than有两种意思：一是用来表示否定意义，即“不同于（= different from)，非（= not)";二是用来表示排除意义，即“除了”，相当于except。例如：
奥尔良烤排骨警犬拉拉
The truth is quite other than what you think. 事实真相和你们想的完全不一样。
They are patriotic and support socialism, although many of them come from other than
working class families. 他们是爱国的，是拥护社会主义的，尽管他们当中有许多人并非出身于工人阶级家庭。
She can hardly be other than grateful. 她除了感激之外还能怎么样呢。
He has visited every country in Asia other than Japan. 除了日本之外，他访问了所有的亚洲国家。
7. He gets up early every day＿＿＿Sunday.
A. besides B. except for C. except that D. except
8. We need fifteen more people＿＿＿＿＿＿our team to do the job.
A. besides B. except for C. except that D. except
Key 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D 8.A
prerve、conrve 、rerve这三个动词都含“保存”、“保留”的意思。
prerve主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存，使不受破坏，能长久保存下去。
1) The ancient Egyptians knew of means to prerve dead bodies from decay.
