Title：The advantages and disadvantages of
urbanization
Name：
Department：School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Major：chemical education
Student ID:
May，2020
戏唐
abstract
Urban life is more convenient than rural life, and urban residents enjoy more health care, more job opportunities, and more social and cultural activities. As a result, more and more people from rural areas are moving to cities. However, the carrying capacity of the city is limited. Too many unskilled workers will bring about many negative effects on city life. For example, rising unemployment, living in poverty, pollution, dias, violence , even mental illness and so on.
Key words: advantages;disadvantages;urbanization
Urbanization is cloly linked with economic development. With the sustained and rapid economic development, the process of urbanization is also accelerating. Rapid urbanization will inevitably have a broad and far-reaching impact on people's diet structure, living environment, lifestyle, work style and other aspects, and then affect people's health.
On the one hand, Cities draw migrants with the promi of higher living standards. City residents have greater access to health care, more employment and opportunity and access to more social and cultural events. Previous units pointed out that cities have been at the center of civilizations and continue to be the engines of social and economic growth. urbanization enables people to share the latest achievements of modern medicine and medical technology, and obtain more complete and advanced medical curity, which leads to longer life expectancy and lower infant and maternal mortality rates in urban areas.
For all the relative advantages of city life, however, widespread poverty casts a shadow over the urban future. A vast number of people in urban areas are threatened by homelessness, health hazards and violence among other things. The may affect a portion of the urban population directl好看的边框
y, but their indirect effects are felt by the whole society. Residents of urban areas are at risk from pollution and other health hazards. Pollution form cars, the burning of fossil fuels and industry cau illness such as respiratory infections and lead poisoning.
蛏>二八神On the other hand, while urbanization brings us modern urban civilization, it also pollutes our urban environment, increas our living pressure, and changes our working style and diet structure, all of which do harm to the health of urban people. The urban population in obesity, diabetes, respiratory dias, mental dia and other aspects of the incidence of green significantly higher than the rural population. Rapid housing construction leads to overcrowding and slums, which experience major problems such as poverty, poor sanitation, unemployment and high crime rates. Additionally, strains on important natural resources, such as water supply, leads to higher prices and general environmental sustainability problems. Urbanization makes people dependent on others for basic necessities. Urban-dwellers must rely on the rural areas for agricultural production, for instance, becau they do not have enough land to grow their own food. Urban-dwellers suffer the psychological problem that comes from depending on other people to accomplish the activities of daily life, from transportation to education to entertainment. Writing in the “Anatolian Journal of
Psychiatry” in 2008, M. Tayfun Turan and Asli Besirli found that the social problems associated with 人民广场
我和我的祖国征文
urban societies, the traffic problems and the general anxiety about the future contributed to an increa in mental health disorders.
With the development of urbanization, the increasing energy consumption and the increasing number of motor vehicles have aggravated the burden of China's urban air environment. Urban air pollution as a major environmental problem is rapidly emerging. In recent years, the urban population expod to substandard air quality accounts for nearly two-thirds of the urban population, and urban air pollution has caud significant public health effects and economic loss. Sulfur dioxide (SO2), total suspended particulate matter (TSP), inhalable particulate matter (PM10), nitrogen oxide (NOX), carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) are major air pollutants in China.
Do the benefits of urbanization outweigh the disadvantages, or do the disadvantages outweigh the advantages?Take the unemployment rate. Imagine a city of five million people where everything is fine and everyone has a job. Then other citizens of the same country -- especially tho from rural areas -- saw an opportunity for a better life and moved to the city. Another 1 million people might be ok, 2 million people might be accepted becau of a newly created industry; But what if five million more people came to the city? Surplus unskilled workers are sure to take over everywhere. Unemplo
yment will ri sharply becau of the limited capacity of workers. On the other hand, as young people come to the city before their families, unemployment will reach a maximum point that is defined as "unmanageable".菊花的形状描写
Therefore, the carrying capacity of a city is limited, and the growth within this limited range is beneficial. But if you go beyond that limit. Urbanization will do us more harm than good.Joph stiglitz, a famous American economist, once predicted that two major events would affect the future development of the world economy: the development of high technology in the United States and the urbanization in China. We should e that urbanization plays an important role in the process of China's modernization, and we should also believe that urbanization is the inevitable road for mankind. But at the same time, we should also e that in the current process of urbanization, many places have the phenomenon of "construction before planning" and "construction while planning", which leads to the disorder of urban construction and the deterioration of urban environment. In the future, human health should be taken into consideration in the initial design and planning of urban transportation, industry and architecture. Only in this way can we truly live in harmony with nature.
Reference
Michaelis,L.(2009). Caus and Effects of Uncontrolled Urbanization.from
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www.buowl.Boun.edu.Tr/teachers/sample%20student%20essays/urbanization/urban.htm Galton,H.(2005).Conquences of Urbanization.City of Today.
Talmy,L.(2009).Urbanization. Urbanization and Sustainable Development.77:Oxford University press
