高考英语阅读理解之主旨要义
一、如何找主题句关山五十州
段落的主题通常由被称为主题句的句子来表示。
1.主题句通常是段落的第一句或末尾一句,偶尔在段落中间。在非故事性文章中,主题句尤为明
显。有的文章无明显的主题句,而是把主题隐含在段意之中。
例1 It's 3 o'clock and you've been hard at work. As you sit at your desk, a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you. You try to busy yourlf to make it go away. But it doesn't. Here is another situation.
女士发型中长发
Perhaps you are not feeling well. The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup, like your mom ud to make when you were sick as a child. Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.
分析：本段文字以介绍个人的某些经历开篇,以此为最后的结论做出铺垫。段末则总结得出
“food cravings”这一话题,指出这为正常现象,下文则要围绕这一话题具体展开论述,由此判断本段最后两句便为主题句。
2.有些段落有明显的引出细节的信息词,常见的信息词有for example,an example of,the most important example,first,cond,next,then,last,finally,to begin with,also,besides that等。
在阅读中,应尽量利用上述信息词确定主题句的位置。如果无明显的信息词,可先假设第一句为主题句,在第二句前面添加一个for example,看看第二句是否可以支撑第一句话,如果第二句不能支撑第一句话,便在其他地方找出主题句。
例2 Famous people have a lot of influences on cultural trends, like it or not. When Oprah goes on a 21-day vegan diet, it makes the headlines. When Amal Clooney wears a Stella McCartney dress, sales go way up.
分析：本段文字中先提出名人会影响文化潮流的论断,然后以“Oprah”和“Amal Clooney”的例子说明这一论断,首句之后可以用“For example”引出下文,故首句为段落主题句。
二、题型分类突破
1.最佳标题
例1 Are you a procrastinator (拖延者)? Procrastination is a common problem. And it can be harmful, as previous rearch has shown that people who procrastinate have higher levels of stress and lower well-being. But a new study has found a way to deal with this problem: Be more connected to your future lf.
Psychologists think that each person believes that they are really two people:“Prent Me” and “Future Me”. “People act as if they prefer their current lves' needs and desires to tho of their future lves,” wrote psychologists Neil Lewis and Daphna Oyrman.
杨绛人生哲理名言Oyrman and Lewis decided to try to find a way to make“Prent Me” imagine exactly how “Future Me” would feel the night before a big paper was due, though “Prent Me” hadn't started yet. They made “Prent Me” think about an event a number of days away, not months or years.
Thinking about events in this way meant that something like a friend's wedding emed 16.3 days sooner when considered in days rather than months and 11.4 months sooner when considered in months rather than years.
The rearchers also tried to find out whether people would take action sooner if they were told a certain event was happening in veral days rather than years. For example, participants imagined they had a newborn child, and that the child would need to go to college in either 18 years or 6,570 days.
入射光
The rearchers found tho in the “days” condition planned to start saving four times sooner than tho in the “years” condition.
五汁膏So if you think of your life in days instead of years,you may get things done quicker.
What can be a suitable title for the text?
备孕需要做些什么准备
A.A way to get things done in time.
B.The harmful effects of procrastination.
C.The reason to overlook future needs and desires.
D.The way to reduce stress and improve happiness.
解析：考查最佳标题。通读全文可知,第一段最后一句“But a new study has found a way to deal with this problem: Be more connected to your future lf.”为文章中心句,结合下文可推知本文主要探究了一种应对拖延的方法,故选A项。
散文800字答案 A
例2 Peppa Pig, a British preschool animated TV ries, has undergone an amazing journey in adapting to Chine culture and China's market.
2015
The Peppa Pig TV ries was introduced to the Chine market by Entertainment One and first aired on the CCTV Children's Channel. Shortly after its publication, Peppa Pig attracted billions of views on social media platforms.
2016
The Peppa Pig TV ries was broadcast on the CCTV Children's Channel for a cond round. It also gained more viewers.
2017
The phra“Peppa Pig Girl” became one of the hottest buzzwords on China's Internet.It refers to a girl who holds a positive attitude toward life even though she tends to be lazy in her daily life.She might look a bit silly and often have tasty food as a top priority on her mind.
2018
Rumors claimed that Peppa Pig was banned from Douyin, China's major video sharing platform, saying it “violates(违反) the community regulations and has not pasd censorship(审查制度)”.In May, however, reprentatives from Douyin said the app was not forbidding Peppa Pig.
阿笨猫全传
2019
According to Entertainment One, more than 40 million Peppa Pig books have been sold since its cond round broadcast on CCTV. In the Year of the Pig,more companies are adding Peppa-themed elements to their products for promotion.
