王俊凯是哪里人
大连外国语学院
2003年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
学科专业：英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学（英语）
考试科目：语言学
注意：①答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上不给分；
②必须在答题纸上将题号标写清楚。
I. Mark the following statements with T if they are true or F if they are fal. (20%)
1. Sonorants are always voiced.
2. [∫] is a palatal approximant.
3. English obstruents can be distinguished by voicing.
4. By creativity we mean language is resourceful becau of its duality and its recursiveness.
内存条的作用
5. A stem may contain a root and a derivational suffix.
6. Derivational affixes very often add a minute or delicate grammatical meaning to the stem.
7. In the production of consonants at least three articulators are involved.
8. [u] is a high back lax rounded vowel.
9. When allophones are in complementary distribution, they never occur in the same context.
10. A word, rather than a morpheme, is a grammatical unit.
11. Thematic meaning is what is communicated through association with another n of the same
expression.
12. In English “some books” is a ca of number concord.
13. Parole is the actual phenomena or data of utterances.
14. Italian is not a member of the Indo-European Language Family.
15. If the air is stopped in the oral cavity but the soft palate is down so that it can go out through the
nasal cavity, the sound produced is an oral stop.
16. All the allomorphs should have common meaning.
17. Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of a particular language.
18. Some ntences may comply perfectly with the grammar rules of the language, but they may not
be mantically meaningful.
19. Any language can be a lingua franca.
20. Synchronic linguistics refers to the approach which studies language over various periods of
time and at various historical stages.饺子作文500字
II. Fill in the following blanks. (20%)
1. Predication analysis is to break sown predications into their constituents: (1) and
铃川玲理
(2) .
2. One of the design features termed as (3) means that human languages enable their urs to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not prent (in time and space) at the moment of communication.线刷和卡刷的区别
3. The five associative meanings categorized by Leech are: (4) , social, (5) , reflected and collocative.
4. Of the three branches of phonetics, the (6) phonetics studies sounds from the speaker’s point of view; the (7) phonetics looks at sounds from the hearer’s point of view; the (8) phonetics studies the way sounds travel by looking at sound waves.小晶的信
5. It is generally agreed that linguistics should include at least five parameters, namely, phonologic, (9) , syntactic, mantic and (10) .
III. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement. (20%)
1. Of the following words, the sound [l] in is a clear one.
A. tell
B. quilt
C. leaf
D. peel
2. Of the following pairs is in complementary distribution.
A. [l] as in [leik] and [m] as in [meik]
B. [l] as in [li:f] and [f] as in [tef]
C. [l] as in [li:d] and [r] as in [ri:d]
D. none of the above
3. Of the following pairs doesn’t form a minimal pair.
A. pill and till
B. dill and gill
C. gale and gale
D. beat and pea
4. If three consonants should cluster together at the beginning of a word, the first phoneme must
be .
A. /s/
B. /t/
C. /l/
D. /p/
5. [k]is a voiceless .
A. alveolar stop
B. velar stop
工资低
C. post-alveolar plosive
D. velar fricative
6. [z] is a .石榴的功效与作用
A. voiced approximant
B. post-alveolar affricate
C. voiced alveolar fricative
D. voiced alveolar affricate
7. [j] is a .
A. glottal fricative
B. palatal approximant
C. alveolar approximant
D. palatal fricative
8. [ə]is a vowel.
A. low back lax unrounded
B. central front unrounded
C. central lax unrounded
D. high front ten unrounded
9. The one that does not fall into the property of alveolar is .
A. [m]
B. [t]
C. [n]
D. [r]
10. /l/ and /r/ function as a minimal pair in .
A. lead and read
B. led and red
C. peel and pear
D. both A and B
IV. Do the following analysis (20%)
1. Match each expression under A with the one statement under B that characterizes it. (10%)
A B
(1) fat cow a. compound noun
(2) scared cow b. root morpheme plus derivational prefix
(3) cowfish c. phra consisting of a adjective plus noun
(4) coward d. root morpheme plus inflection affix
(5) cower e. root morpheme plus derivational suffix
f. morphemic word
g. idiom
2. Write the one proper description from the list under B for the underlined part of each word in A. (10%)
A B
(6) endanger h. free form
(7) southwards i. bound root
(8) gee j. inflectional suffix
(9) received k. derivational suffix
(10) distempered l. inflectional prefix
m. derivational prefix
n. inflectional infix
o. derivational infix
V. Produce the surface structures from the following deep structures without going through the process of transformations. (10%)
1. the man [the man past be behind the table] past help me
2. SOMEONE past be+ing be+en beat Joph hard
3. Q Mary pres be plead SOMEREASON
4. Tag you past e the thief
5. [Neg Tom past go to school] [Neg Mary past go to school]
VI. Illustrate the following ntence with tree diagrams. (10%)
The tall man and the woman left.
VII. Classify the following pairs according to the n relation. Put the number before the pair in the space provided in your answer sheet. The first one is done for you as an
example. (10%)
(1) alive/dead (2) buy/ll
Complementary antonyms (1)
1. hit/miss (a target)
2. own/belong to
3. lesson/lesn
4. rich/poor
5. squeak/creak
6. tap/faucet
7. above/below 8. the morning star/the evening star
9. saw/hacksaw 10. sow (to scatter eds)/sow (female adult pig)
A. complementary antonyms
B. synonyms
C. relational opposites
D. gradable antonyms
E. homonyms
F. hyponymy
VIII. Answer the following questions. (40%)
1. Define ALLOPHONE with an example. (5%)
2. What is assimilation? (5%)
3. What is the criterion ud in IC analysis? (5%)
4. SEMANTIC FEA TURES or SEMANTIC DEMPONENTS of a word may be ud to better
account for n relations. U examples to support this idea. (5%)
5. BLENDING, ABBREVIA TION and ACRONYMY are the ways by which people have ud to
create new words and expressions. How do they differ from one another? U examples to help you to distinguish them. (5%)
6. Is it acceptable to say that word is the minimum free form? (5%)
7. The following dialogue that took place in an English pub rves as a good example of us to e
various aspects of language functions. Explain the concept of language functions (such as
informative, emotive, conative, and interpersonal) with examples taken from the dialogue.
(10%)
Bill: How did it go?
Mike: Oh, fantastic! I took some really good photographs. I am sure I will win the competition.
Lily: Well, you’d better buy us all a drink, then.
Mike: Yes, what would you all like? …(He goes to the barman).I’d like four pints of best bitter.
Barman: … Excu me, sir, how old are you?
Mike: Sixteen, why?
Barman: I think you know why.
