Designation:A540/A540M–04
Standard Specification for
Alloy-Steel Bolting Materials for Special Applications1
This standard is issued under thefixed designation A540/A540M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the ca of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parenthes indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1.Scope*
1.1This specification2covers regular and special-quality alloy steel bolting materials which may be ud for nuclear and other special applications.Bolting materials as ud in this specification cover rolled or forged bars,rotary pierced or extruded amless tubes,bored bars,or forged hollows from forged or rolled bar gments to be manufactured into bolts, studs,washers,and nuts.
1.2Several grades of steel are covered.The grade and class shall be specified by the purchar.
1.3Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for u when special quality is desired.The supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and when desired shall be so stated in the order,together with the acceptance limits required.
1.4This specification is expresd in both inch-pound units and in SI units.However,unless the order specifies the applicable“M”specification designation(SI units),the mate-rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded parately as standard.Within the text,the SI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents;therefore,each system must be ud independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cation.
2.Referenced Documents
2.1ASTM Standards:3
A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for Steel Fasteners or Fastener Materials,or Both,Intended for U at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
E45Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel
2.2AIAG Standard:
AIAG B-502.00Primary Metals Identification Tag Appli-cation Standard4
2.3ANSI Standards:5
B1.1Unified Screw Threads
B18.2.1Square and Hex Bolts and Screws Including Hex Cap Screws and Lag Bolts
B18.2.2Square and Hex Nuts
B18.3Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws
3.Ordering Information
3.1Material supplied to this material specification shall conform to Specification A962/A962M.The requirements outline the testing and retesting methods and procedures, permissible variations in dimensions,and mass,quality and repair of defects,marking,etc.
3.2In addition to the ordering information specified in Specification A962/A962M,orders for material under this specification shall include the following,as required,to de-scribe the desired material adequately:
3.2.1Condition(Section4),
3.2.2Heat treatment(Section5),
3.2.3Supplementary Requirements(S1to S9),
3.2.4Reports required(Section16),
3.2.5End u,and
3.2.6Any special requirements.
3.3The purchar is referred to the listed supplementary requirements in this specification and to the detailed require-ments in Specification A962/A962M.
3.4If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A962/A962M,the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
4.Manufacture
4.1The material shall be supplied hot-rolled or hot-forged or cold-finished at the option of the producer.However,if desired by the purchar,coldfinishing may be specified.
1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01on Steel, Stainless Steel,and Related Alloys,and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpo Applications.
Current edition approved May1,2004.Published May2004.Originally approved in1965.Last previous edition approved in2000as A540/A540M–00.
2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vesl Code Applications e related Specifi-cation SA-540in Secti
on II of that Code.
3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm,or contact ASTM Customer Service at rvice@astm.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4Available from Automotive Industry Action Group,26200Lahr,Suite200, Southfield,MI48034.
5Available from American National Standards Institute,11West42nd Street, 13th Floor,New York,NY10036.
1
*A Summary of Changes ction appears at the end of this standard. Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.
5.Heat Treatment
5.1Material which is ordered in the annealed condition shall have a structure suitable for machining.Such annealed bolting material is not intended to be ud without subquent quenching and tempering as specified in 5.2
5.2Material which is ordered in the liquid-quenched and tempered condition shall be uniformly reheated from a tem-perature below the cooling transformation range to the proper austenitizing temperature.It shall be quenched in a liquid medium under substantially uniform conditions and then uni-formly reheated for tempering.The minimum tempering tem-perature shall be 850°F [455°C].
5.3Material that has been straightened after quenching and tempering shall be stress relieved by reheating to a temperature not lower than 100°F [55°C]under the tempering temperature.
6.Chemical Composition
6.1The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements prescribed in Table 1.
7.Tensile Requirements
7.1Material furnished in the annealed condition shall be capable of meeting the specified tensile properties for the class as specified in Table 2when heat treated in accordance with 5.2and 5.3(e Supplementary Requirement S4).
7.2Material in the quenched and tempered or quenched,tempered and stress-relieved condition shall conform to prop-erties shown in Table 2for the specified class.
8.Hardness Requirements
8.1The hardness shall be determined on the surface of the material after removal of decarburization.
8.2The hardness of material in the annealed condition shall not be greater than 235HB.
8.3The hardness of material in the quenched and tempered or quenched,tempered and stress-relieved condition shall be within the limits in Table 2for the specified class.9.Impact Requirements
9.1Annealed material after proper heat treatment shall be capable of meeting the impact requirements in Table 2or of Supplementary Requirement S8,if so specified (e Supple-mentary Requirement S4).
9.2Material in the quenched and tempered or quenched,tempered,and stress-relieved condition shall conform to the impact requirements in Table 2,or of Supplementary Require-ment S8if so specified.
9.3The percent of shear (ductility or fibrous)fracture shall be computed.The computed value shall be recorded for all impact specimens.
9.4The amount of lateral expansion shall be measured.The measured value shall be recorded for all impact specimens.9.5The percent shear and the amount of lateral expansion shall be reported for information purpos (e 16.1).
TABLE 1Chemical Requirements A
Identification Symbol Grade
$B21B22B23B24B24V (Cr-Mo-V)(4142-H)(E-4340-H)(4340Mod.)(4340V Mod.)Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium Chromium-Molybdenum Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum-Vanadium
Range,%
Product Variation,Over or Under,B %Range,%
Product Variation,Over or Under,B %Range,%
Product Variation,Over or Under,B %Range,%
Product Variation,Over or Under,B %Product Variation,Over or Under,B %
Carbon 0.36–0.440.020.39–0.460.020.37–0.440.020.37–0.440.020.37–0.440.02Mangane
0.45–0.700.030.65–1.100.040.60–0.950.040.70–0.900.040.60–0.950.04Phosphorus,max 0.025C 0.0050.025C 0.0050.025C 0.0050.025C 0.0050.025C 0.005Sulfur,max 0.025C
0.0050.025C
0.0050.025C
0.0050.025C
0.0050.025C
0.005Silicon 0.15–0.350.020.15–0.350.020.15–0.350.020.15–0.350.020.15–0.35D 0.02Chromium 0.80–1.15
0.050.75–1.20
0.050.65–0.950.050.70–0.950.050.60–0.950.05Nickel
............ 1.55–2.000.05 1.65–2.000.05 1.55–2.000.05Molybdenum 0.50–0.650.030.15–0.25
0.020.20–0.30
0.020.30–0.40
0.020.40–0.600.03Vanadium
0.25–0.350.03
......
......
...
...
0.04–0.10
0.01
A The intentional addition of Bi,Se,Te,and Pb is not permitted.
B
Unless otherwi specified,parate determinations may vary from the specified ranges,except that elements in any heat must not vary both above and below the specified range.C
Phosphorus and sulfur content is 0.04%max when open-hearth steel is specified.D
Silicon content is 0.35%max if vacuum-carbon
deoxidized.
TABLE2Mechanical Property Requirements
N OTE1—The minimum average of3specimens shall not be less than35ft·lbf[47J].One specimen from a t of3may be less than35ft·lbf[47 J]but not less than30ft·lbf[41J].
N OTE2—The minimum average of3specimens shall not be less than30ft·lbf[41J].One specimen from a t of3may be less than30ft·lbf[41 J]but not less than25ft·lbf[34J].
N OTE3—The minimum average of3specimens shall not be less than25ft·lbf[34J].One specimen from a t of3may be less than25ft·lbf[34 J]but not less than20ft·lbf[27J].
N OTE4—No minimum values established.Tests shall be run for information only.
Grade Class Diameter Tensile
Strength,
min
Yield
Strength,
0.2%
offt,
min
Elonga-
tion,
min,%
Reduc-
tion of
Area,
min,%
Surface
Brinell
Hardness
当你年老时Charpy
V-Notch
+10°F
(−12.2°C)
min max
Inch-Pound Units
in.ksi ksi In2in.
B215to2,incl1201051550241285Note4
(Cr-Mo-V)over2to6,incl
over6to8,incl 115
115
100
100
15
15
50
50
248
255
302
311
Note4
Note4
4to3,incl
over3to6,incl 135
135
120
120
13
13
45
45
269
277
331
352
Note4
Note4
3to3,incl
over3to6,incl 145
145
130
逼缝
130
12
12
40
40
293
302
352
375
Note4
Note4
2to4,incl1551401140311401Note4
1to4,incl1651501035321429Note4 B225to2,incl1201051550248293Note1 (4142-H)over2to4,incl1151001550255302Note4
4to1,incl
over1to4,incl 135
135
120
120
13
13
45
45
269
277
341
363
Note1
Note4
3to2,incl
over2to4,incl 145
145
130
130
12
12
40
40
293
302
363
375
Note4
Note4
2to3,incl1551401140311401Note4 1to11⁄2,incl1651501035321401Note4
B23
(E-4340-H)5to6,incl
over6to8,incl
over8to91⁄2,incl
120
115
115
105
100
100
15
15
15
50
50
50
248
255
262
311
321
321
Note1
Note1
Note4 4to3,incl
over3to6,incl
over6to91⁄2,incl
135
135
135
120
120
120
13
13
13
45
45
45
269
277
285
341
352
363
Note1
Note1
Note4 3to3,incl
over3to6,incl
over6to91⁄2,incl
145
145
145
130
130
130
12
12
12
40
40
40
293
302
311
363
375
388
Note2
Note2
Note4 2to3,incl
over3to6,incl
over6to91⁄2,incl
155
155
155
140
140
王灿平
140
11
11
11
40
40
40
311
311
321
388
401
415
Note4
Note4
Note4 1to3,incl
over3to6,incl
over6to8,incl
165
165
165
150
150
150
10
10
10
35
35
35
321
331
341
415
429
444
Note4
Note4
Note4
B24 (4340Mod.)5to6,incl
over6to8,incl
over8to91⁄2,incl
120
115
115
105
100
100
15
15
15
50
50
50
248
255
262
311
321
321
Note1
Note1
Note1 4to3,incl1351201345269341Note1 over3to6,incl1351201345277352Note1 over6to8,incl1351201345285363Note1 over8to91⁄2,incl1351201345293363Note4 3to3,incl
over3to8,incl
over8to91⁄2,incl
145
145
145
130
130
130
12
12
12
40
40
40
293
302
311
363
388
388
Note2
Note2
Note4 2to7,incl
over7to91⁄2,incl
155
155
140
140
11
男人一到冬天手脚冰凉
11
40
40
311
321
401
415
Note2
Note4 1to6,incl
over6to8,incl
165
165
150
150
10
10
35
35
321
331
415
429
Note3
Note4
B24V (4340V Mod.)3to4,incl
over4to8,incl
145
145
130
130
12
12
40
40
293
302
363
375
Note1
Note2 over8to11,incl1451301240311388Note3 2to4,incl
over4to8,incl
over8to11,incl
155
155
155
140
140
140
11
11
11
40
40
40
311
311
321
388
401
415
Note2
Note3
Note
4
TABLE2Continued
Grade Class Diameter Tensile
Strength,
min
Yield
Strength,
0.2%
offt,
min
Elonga-
tion,
min,%
Reduc-
tion of
Area,
min,%
Surface
Brinell
Hardness
Charpy
V-Notch
+10°F
(−12.2°C)
min max
1to4,incl
over4to8,incl
over8to11,incl 165
165
165
150
150
150
10
10
10
35
35
35
321
331
331
415
429
444
Note3
Note4
Note4 Metric Units大学生就业计划书
mm MPa MPa In50 mm
B21
(Cr-Mo-V)5to50.8,incl
over50.8to152.4,incl
827
793
724
689
15
15
50
50
241
248
285
302
Note4
Note4 over152.4to203.2,incl7936891550255311Note4 4to76.2,incl
over76.2to152.4,incl
931
931
827
827
13
13
45
45
269
277
331
352
Note4
Note4 3to76.2,incl
over76.2to152.4,incl
1000
1000
896
896
12
12
40
40
293
302
352
375
Note4
Note4 2to101.6,incl10699651140311401Note4 1to101.6,incl113810341035321429Note4
B22 (4142-H)5to50.8,incl
over50.8to101.6,incl
827
793
724
689
15
15
50
50
248
255梦见水里有死人
293
302
Note1
Note4 4to25.4,incl
over25.4to101.6,incl
931
931
827
827
13
13
45
45
269
277
341
363
Note1
Note4 3to50.8,incl
over50.8to101.6,incl
1000
1000
896
896
12
12
40
40
293
302
363
375
Note4
Note4 2
1
to76.2incl
to38.1,incl
1069
1138
965
1034
11
10
40
35
311
321
401
401
Note4
Note4
B23
(E-4340-H)5to152.4,incl
over152.4to203.2incl
827
793
724
689
15
15
50
50
248
255
311
321
Note1
Note1 over203.2to241.3,incl7936891550262321Note4 4to76.2,incl
over76.2to152.4,incl
over152.4to241.3,incl
931
931
931
827
827
827
13
13
13
45
45
45
269
277
285
341
352
363
Note1
Note1
Note4 3to76.2,incl
over76.2to152.4,incl
over152.4to241.3,incl
1000
1000
1000
896
896
896
12
12
12
40
40
40
293
302
311
363
375
388
Note2
Note2
Note4 2to76.2,incl
over76.2to152.4,incl
over152.4to241.3,incl
1069
1069
1069
965
965
965
11
11
11
40
40
40
311
311
321
388
401
415
Note4
Note4
Note4 1to76.2,incl
over76.2to152.4,incl
over152.4to203.2,incl
1138
1138
1138
1034
1034
1034
10
10
10
35
35
35
321
331
341
415
429
444
Note4
Note4
Note4
B24 (4340Mod.)5to152.4,incl
over152.4to203.2,incl
over203.2to241.3,incl
827
793
793
724
689
689
15
15
15
50
50
50
248
255
262
311
321
321
Note1
Note1
Note1 4to76.2,incl9318271345269341Note1 over76.2to152.4,incl9318271345277352Note1 over152.4to203.2,incl9318271345285363Note1 over203.2to241.3,incl9318271345293363Note4 3to76.2,incl
over76.2to203.2,incl
1000
1000
896
896
12
12
40
40
293
302
363
388
Note2
Note2 over203.2to241.3,incl10008961240311388Note4 2to177.8,incl
over177.8to241.3,incl
1069
1069
965
965
11
11
40
40
311
321
401
415
Note2
Note4 1to152.4,incl
over152.4to203.2,incl
1138
1138
1034
1034
10
10
35
35
321
331
415
429
Note3
Note4
B24V3to101.6incl10008951240293363Note1
(4340V Mod.)over101.6to203.2incl
over203.2to279.4incl 1000
1000
895
895
12
12
40
40
302
311
375
388
Note2
Note3
2to101.6incl
over101.6to203.2incl
over203.2to279.4incl 1070
1070
1070
965
965
965
11
11
11
40
40
40
311
311
321
388
401
415
Note2
Note3
Note4
樱桃简笔画1to101.6incl
over101.6to203.2incl
over203.2to279.4incl 1140
1140
1140
1035
1035
1035
10
10
10
35
35
35
321
331
331
415
429
444
Note3
Note4
Note
4
10.Dimensions and Tolerances
10.1Permissible Tolerances for Straightness :
10.1.1Annealed material shall have an out-of-straightness tolerance of 1⁄8in.[3mm]in any 5ft [2.1mm/m]or 1⁄83(number of feet of length/5)in.
10.1.2Quenched,tempered and stress-relieved material shall have an out-of-straightness tolerance of 1⁄4in.[6mm]in any 5ft [4.2mm/m]or 1⁄43(number of feet of length/5)in.10.2Unless otherwi specified,headed bolts shall be mi-finished,hexagon in shape,and in accordance with the dimensions of ANSI B 18.2.1.Unless otherwi specified,nuts shall be hexagonal in shape,and in accordance with the dimensions of ANSI B 18.2.2.Unless otherwi specified,the ANSI Standard heavy bolt and nut ries shall be ud.If socket head fasteners are required,the dimensions shall be in accordance with ANSI B 18.3,as specified by the purchar.10.3All bolts,stud bolts and accompanying nuts,unless otherwi specified,shall be threaded in accordance with ANSI B 1.1,Class 2A or 2B fit.
11.Workmanship,Finish,and Appearance
11.1The material shall be uniform in quality and free of defects that would be detrimental to the intended rvice.If magnetic particle inspection for such defects is desired,Supplementary Requirement S6should be specified.
11.2Surface Quality —Material shall be free of ams,laps,cracks,or other defects that are not removable within the machining cleanup allowance specified in Table 4.
12.Surface Condition
12.1Material shall be cleaned and furnished in the scale-free condition.
13.Number of Tests
13.1Mechanical Tests on Quenched and Tempered Mate-rial :
13.1.1One test coupon shall be removed from each end of one bar,one amless tube,or one bored bar or from each of two forged hollows from each size of each heat in each tempering charge,or each 10000lb [4540kg],whichever is less.One tension test and one impact test consisting of three Charpy V-notch specimens shall be taken from each test coupon.For testing in accordance with 16.2.1,two tests shall
be obtained from two reprentative production pieces from each size of each heat in each tempering charge or each 10000lb [4540kg],whichever is less.13.1.2Hardness Test :
13.1.2.1Bars 2in.[50mm]and over and all amless tubes or bored bars shall be tested near each end of each mill-treated length.Each forged hollow with thickness 2in.[50mm]or over shall be tested on the surface.
13.1.2.2Bars under 2in.[50mm]shall be tested near each end of not less than 10%of the bars.Forged hollows less than 2in.[50mm]thick shall be tested on the surface of not less than 10%of the forgings.
13.2Hardness Tests of Annealed Material :
13.2.1Hardness tests shall be made on the annealed bars to assure compliance with 9.2.
14.Retests
14.1If the results of the mechanical tests of any test lot do not conform to the specified requirements,the manufacturer shall reject the lot or he may retreat such a lot not more than twice.After the lot is retreated,all of the tests specified in 13shall be repeated,and all shall conform to the specified requirements.
15.Test Specimens and Methods of Testing
15.1A discard equivalent to the diameter of the bar when heat treated as a solid or a discard equivalent to the wall
TABLE 3Permissible Variation in Diameter of Rolled Bars A
Specified Diameter,in.[mm]
Size Tolerance
Out-of-Round
Over
Under
in.
1to 11⁄8[25to 29],incl
0.0100.250.0100.250.0150.38Over 11⁄8to 11⁄4[29to 32],incl 0.0110.280.0110.280.0160.41Over 11⁄4to 13⁄8[32to 35],incl 0.0120.300.0120.300.0180.46Over 13⁄8to 11⁄2[35to 38],incl 0.0140.360.0140.360.0210.53Over 11⁄2to 2[38to 50],incl 1⁄640.41⁄640.4
0.0230.58Over 2to 21⁄2[50to 65],incl 1⁄320.800.0230.58Over 21⁄2to 31⁄2[65to 90],incl 3⁄64 1.200.0350.89Over 31⁄2to 41⁄2[90to 115],incl 1⁄16 1.600.046 1.17Over 41⁄2to 51⁄2[115to 140],incl 5⁄64 1.900.058 1.47Over 51⁄2to 61⁄2[140to 165],incl 1⁄8 3.200.070 1.78Over 61⁄2to 81⁄4[165to 210],incl 5⁄32 3.700.085 2.16Over 81⁄4to 91⁄2[210to 240],incl
3⁄16 4.80
0.100
2.54
A
Consult the manufacturer on forged bars,cold-finished bars,bored bars,amless tubes,and forged hollows.
TABLE 4Rolled Bars A —Permissible Grinding Depth for
Removal of Surface Defects
Diameter,in.[mm]
Minimum Stock Removal
Per Side
in.
mm 1to 11⁄8[25to 29],incl
0.0250.64Over 11⁄8to 11⁄4[29to 32],incl 0.0280.71Over 11⁄4to 13⁄8[32to 35],incl 0.0300.76Over 13⁄8to 11⁄2[35to 38],incl 0.0330.84Over 11⁄2to 2[38to 50],incl 0.042 1.07Over 2to 21⁄2[50to 65],incl 0.052 1.32Over 21⁄2to 31⁄2[65to 90],incl 0.072 1.83Over 31⁄2to 41⁄2[90to 115],incl 0.090 2.29Over 41⁄2to 51⁄2[115to 140],incl 0.110 2.79Over 51⁄2to 61⁄2[140to 165],incl 0.125 3.18Over 61⁄2to 81⁄4[165to 210],incl 0.155 3.94Over 81⁄4to 91⁄2[210to 240],incl
0.203
5.16
A
附近好玩的公园
Consult the manufacturer on forged bars,cold-finished bars,bored bars,amless tubes,and forged
hollows.
