高中英语语法通霸1. 冠词的特指、独指和类指指的用法
创城宣传标语
考点1.定冠词的特指用法
定冠词的特指用法：非常明确地指出何人或何物，相当于汉语中的“这个/那个；这些/那些”，可以分为前照应特指、后照应特指和语境特指。
A.前照应特指
名词带有后置定语来修饰限定这个名词，表明这个名词是特定的某一个。冠词在前面与后面的描述照应。如：
This is the book容开头的成语 you lent me yesterday.
这就是你昨天借给我的那本书。
This is the boy from England.
这就是来自英国的那个男孩。
1.【2015重庆】I just heard____ bank where Dora works was robbed by______ gunman wearing a mask.
A. the; / B. a; / C. the; a D. a; the
2.【2014陕西】______ village where I was born has grown into ______ town.
A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a
B.后照应特指
第一次提到某物某人时用不定冠词，再次提到该人该物时用定冠词。冠词在后面与前面相照应。如：
I bought a book yesterday. The book cost me 20 yuan.
3.This is _____ egg. _____ egg is big.
A. a; A B. an; An C. a; The D. an; The销售日志
4.There is _____ bridge over there. _____ bridge is made of wood.
A. the; The B. a; A C. the; A D. a; The
C.语境特指
不是建立在上下文的照应关系上，而是建立在谈话双方共有的知识上。如：
Open the door. 把门打开。
Where is the book？那本书在哪里？
5.【2011山东】Take your time—it’s just _____ short distance from here to孕妇可以喝王老吉吗 _____ restaurant.
A. /; the B. a; the C. the; a daqiD. /; a
6.【2006北京】I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over _____ keyboard.
You shouldn’t put drinks near _____ computer.
A. the; / B. the; a C. a; / D. a; a
7.【2008江西】—I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
—It is not your fault. With _____ rush-hour traffic and _____ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.
金银花有什么作用A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a
考点2.独指：指世上独一无二的事
定冠词的独指用法：世界上独一无二的事物前，要用定冠词。如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the world, the sky, the univer, etc.
8.We can e _____ sun and _____ moon in _____ picture.
A. a; the; the B. the; a; the
C. a; the; a D. the; the; the
9.It’s _____ pleasure to e _____ sun rising in _____ east.
A. /; the; / B. a; /; / C. a; the; the D. /; the; the
考点3.类指
A.可数名词表示类指时，有三种情况
A hor is a domestic（ 家养的）animal.
= The hor is a domestic animal.
= Hors are domestic animals.
但是这三种类指方法各有侧重：
the指的是整个类别，这个类别是可以区别于另一个类别的 (多用于谈论发明物和科技问题)。如：
The compass was invented in China, but the computer was not. 罗盘是在中国发明的，但计算机不是。
a(n)侧重于指类别中任何一个的特点。如：
A 幼儿歌曲创编cat has four legs. 猫有四条腿。
不用冠词的复数名词侧重指类别中的许多个体。如：
Children usually start walking at around one year old.
小孩儿一般一岁左右开始走路。
Do you like hors? 你喜欢马吗？
(不能说Do you like a hor?)
在类指时如何使用冠词要根据所要表达内容的具体情况而定。
The tiger is in danger of becoming extinct.
虎有灭绝的危险。
(不能说“A tiger is in danger of becoming extinct.”。濒临灭绝指的是整个虎类，而不是任何一只老虎都面临灭绝的危险。)
10._____ are very popular with people all over the world, but do you know who was it that invented _____ telephone?
A. The telephone; / B. Telephone; a
C. The telephones; the D. Telephones; the
11._____ trains are faster than _____ bus.
A. /; / B. The; / C. /; the D. The; a
12.【2012江西】The Smiths don’t like staying at _____ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _____ a.
A. /; a 可爱的泰迪熊B. the; the C. /; the D. the; a
13.【2011全国I】 It is generally accepted that _____ boy must learn to stand up and fight like _____ man.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; /
14.In China, _____ car is becoming _____ popular means of transportation.
A. the; a B. a; / C. the; the D. a; the
15.【2009北京】 The biggest whale is _____ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of _____ 9-story building.
A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a
B.不可数名词泛指时不用冠词，特指时用定冠词
Water is a liquid. 水是液体。
Music is an art. 音乐是艺术。
The water in the bottle goes bad.
瓶子里的那些水变坏了。
16.Since he has no n of ______ humor, I’m sure he didn’t catch ______ humor in your remarks.
A. /; the B. a; the C. a; / D. the; a
