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Namur, Belgium
The World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2007
by
Mycle Schneider, Paris
with contributions from
Antony Froggatt, London
王立武
Independent Consultants
Brusls, January 2008
Commissioned by the Greens-EFA Group in the European Parliament
For questions and comments plea contact:
Michel Raquet
Energy Advir
Greens / EFA
European Parliament
PHS 06C69
Rue Wiertzstraat
B-1047 Brusls
Phone: +32.2.284.23.58
E-mail: mraquet@europarl.eu.int
Web: s-efa
To contact the authors:
Mycle Schneider Consulting Antony Froggatt
45, Allée des deux cèdres53a Nevill Road
91210 Draveil (Paris)N16 8SW London
France UK
Skype: mycleschneider Skype: antonyfroggatt
Phone: +33-1-6983 23 79Phone: +44-207-923 04 12 Fax: +33-1-69 40 98 75Fax: +44-207-923 73 83
E-mail: mycle@orange.fr E-mail: a. The authors wish to thank Julie Hazemann, EnerWebWatch and Nina Schneider, for their assistance with reactor statistics and graphical design.
Table of Contents
猴字的笔顺
of the full report
INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL OVERVIEW (4)
S CEPTICISM OF THE INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND ANALYSTS (11)
L ACK OF STUDENTS, WORKFORCE AND MANUFACTURING CAPACITY (12)
R HETORIC RATHER THAN REALITY (15)
T ABLE 1: S TATUS OF N UCLEAR P OWER IN THE W ORLD IN2007 (16)
OVERVIEW BY RE GION/COUNTRY (17)
A FRICA (17)
T HE A MERICAS (17)
A SIA (20)
E UROPE (24)
Nuclear Power in Western Europ e (24)
Nuclear Power in Central and Eastern Europe (30)
R USSIA AND THE F ORMER S OVIET U NION (33)
CONCLUSIONS (35)
APPENDIX-1:NUCLEAR REACTORS LISTED AS“UNDER CONSTRUCTION” (36)
The Authors
Mycle Schneider works as independent international consultant on energy and nuclear policy.
怎样艾特所有人He founded the Energy Information Agency WISE-Paris in 1983 and directed it until 2003. Since 1997 Mycle has provided information and consulting rvices to the Belgian Energy Minister, the French and German Environment Ministries, the International Atomic Energy Agency, Greenpeace, the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, the Worldwide Fund for Nature, the European Commission, the European Parliament's Scientific and Technological Option Asssment Panel and its General Directorate for Rearch, the Oxford Rearch Group, and the French Institute for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety. Since 2004 he has been in charge of the Environment and Energy Strategies lecture ries for the International MSc in Project Management for Environmental and Energy Engineering Program at the French Ecole des Mines in Nantes.
In 1997, along with Japan's Jinzaburo Takagi, he received the Right Livelihood Award, also known as the “Alternative Nobel Prize”.
ps如何旋转图片Antony Froggatt Antony Froggatt works as independent European energy consultant.
Since 1997 Antony has worked as a freelance rearcher and writer on energy and nuclear policy issues in the EU and neighbouring states. He has worked extensively on EU energy issues for European Governments, the European Commission and Parliament, environmental NGOs, commercial bodies and the media. He has given evidence to inquiries and hearings in the Parliaments of, Austria, Germany and the EU. He is a part time nior rearch fellow at the Royal Institute of International Affairs –Chatham Hou in London.
He works intensively with environmental groups across Europe, particularly on energy markets and policy and helped to establish a network on energy efficiency. He is a regular speaker at conferences, universities and training programmes across the region.
Prior to working freelance Antony worked for nine years as a nuclear campaigner and co-ordinator for Greenpeace International.
小拌菜
Extended Summary
Fifteen years ago, the Worldwatch Institute in Washington, WISE-Paris and Greenpeace International published the World Nuclear Industry Status Report 1992, this was then subquently updated in 2004 by two of the original authors. The prent publication provides a revision of the 2004 report.
At the end of 2007, there are 339 units operating in the world –that is one less than at the moment of the relea of the 2004 version of the World Nuclear Industry Status Report and five units less than at the historical peak in 2002 –which total about 372GW1of electricity generating capacity.
Graph 1
© Mycle Schneider Consulting Source: IAEA, PRIS, 20072, MSC
The installed capacity has incread faster than the number of operating reactors becau units that are being shut down are usually smaller than the new ones coming on-line and becau of uprating of capacity in many existing plants. In the USA the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has approved 110 uprates since 1977. As a result an additional 4.7GW were added to the nuclear capacity in the USA alone.3A similar trend of uprates and extending the lives of existing reactors can be en in Europe. In the abnce of significant new build, the average age of operating nuclear power plants in the world has been increasing steadily and is now 23 years.
A total of 117 reactors have been permanently shut down, with an average age of about 22 years. Since 2004 ten reactors have been shut down -eight in 2006 -and nine have been started up.
The capacity of the global fleet incread annually between the years 2000 and 2004 by about 3GW, much of it through uprating and dropped to 2GW per year between 2004 and 2007, compared to the global net increa in all electricity generating capacity of about 135GW per year4. Wind power alone recorded an average annual increa of 13.3GW between 2004 and 2006, more than 6.5 times the nuclear additions. This leaves nuclear power with a global share of roughly 1.5% of the annual increa.
11 GW = 1,000 MW = about 1 large nuclear power reactor
2International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Power Reactor Information System (PRIS), e
www.iaea/programmes/a2/index.html
3www.world-nuclear/info/Copy%20of%20inf17.html
4This is the average annual net addition between 2003 and 2010 as estimated by the OECD’s International Energy Agency in its International Energy Outlook 2006.
