在三角形大学英语六级-231
(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)
Translation
1.
文化概述
在中国五千年的文明史上,中国人有无数的发明和创造,如汉字、中医、丝绸、 瓷器 (porcelain)、指南针、造纸术、印刷术和 火药 (gunpowder)。这些独特的发明和创造是中国人对世界文明的伟大贡献,证明中华民族是一个富于原创性的民族。与此同时,中国人又有一种开放的胸怀,欢迎远方来的朋友,并以极高的热情吸收和包容外来的文化。大唐盛世和明代郑和七下西洋都表明,中华文明具有开放性和包容性。
跑步一小时 该问题分值: 20
Over a history of 5000 years, Chine people have produced numerous inventions. The unique inventions, including Chine characters, traditional Chine medicine, silk, porcelain, compass, papermaking, printing and gunpowder, are significant contributions Chine made to the global civilization, proving that the Chine nation is full of creativity. In the meanwhile, the Chine people have always kept an open mind toward foreign friends and absorbed foreign cultures with great enthusiasm. Both the prosperity of Tang Dynasty and Zheng He"s ven long voyages to the West Seas in Ming Dynasty demonstrate the openness and inclusiveness of Chine culture. [解析] 1.翻译第一句中的“中国人有无数的发明和创造”时,如果仅仅用have had来表示“有”,不够精确。中国人不仅仅是拥有这些发明和创造,更是生产出、制作出这些发明和创造,所以使用动词produced表意更确切;此外,“发明”就是“创造”,这是两个意义重复的词,翻译
时可略译一个,故“发明和创造”可译为inventions。
2.通读前两句可知,第一句中宾语的中心词“发明和创造”是第二句中主语的中心词。为避免重复,第一句的后半部分可以和第二句合并成以The unique inventions为主语的一个句子,“如汉字、中医……火药”可译作定语起补充说明的作用,故本句可译为The unique inventions, including ... are significant contributions ...。
3.第二句中的“证明中华民族是一个富于原创性的民族”是对本句的补充说明,可以译为状语;此外,“富于原创性”也就是充满创造性,故可译为is full of creativity。
4.第三句中的“远方来的朋友”其实就是指国外的朋友,故译为foreign friends;“吸收和包容”也是两个意义重复的词,翻译成absorbed即可。
2.
四大发明金蝉花的作用与功效
说到中国古代的科技文明,就不能不说 四大发明 (the Four Great Inventions)。人们普遍认为,指南针、 火药 (gunpowder)、造纸术和印刷术的发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化
的发展产生了巨大的推动作用;并且,这些发明经由各种途径传至西方,也影响着世界的文明进程。从历史发展的角度来看,中国古代的四大发明是为人类社会生活带来革命性变化的科学发明,这是中国人对世界文明的伟大贡献。中国的四大发明在人类科学文化史上留下了灿烂的一页,推动了人类历史的前进。
该问题分值: 20
When it comes to science and technology in ancient China, the Four Great Inventions, **pass, gunpowder, papermaking and printing, should always be discusd. It is commonly believed that the Four Great Inventions have promoted the development of politics, economy and culture of ancient China dramatically; moreover, the inventions have a great impact on the civilization of the world since they have been introduced into the Western world in various ways. From the perspective of historical development, the Four Great Inventions of ancient China are scientific inventions that bring revolutionary ch
anges to the social life of human beings, which are great contributions Chine made to the civilization of the world. The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are brilliant in the history of human science and culture and promote the progress of human history. [解析] 1.第一句中的“文明”可以不用译出,此处谈到的其实就是中国古代的科技,不用译作scientific and technological civilization。同理,第二句中的“世界的文明进程”也不用译作the cour of global civilization,因为“进程”是为了加强语气而添加的词,可以减译,故“世界的文明进程”可译为the civilization of the world。
2.第二句中的“指南针、火药、造纸术和印刷术的发明”可以合并到第一句中,从而使第二句的译文更加简洁。
3.最后一句中的“在人类科学文化史上留下了灿烂的一页”不宜直译,可以转换为“在人类科学文化史上是灿烂的”,即are brilliant in the history of human science and culture。
孙中山的后代
3.
长城
说到中国文化,不得不提到长城。从公元前7世纪到公元16世纪,在大约2200年的时间里,先后有19个朝代修建过长城,所修的长城累计有10万千米以上。主要的长城修建工程是在秦代、汉代和明代。现今存有遗迹的主要是明长城,从东边入海口的 山海关 (Shanhai Pass)开始,一直到沙漠深处的 嘉峪关 (Jiayu Pass),全长6700千米。长城是世界历史上最伟大的工程,其建造时间之长、参与人数之多、工程难度之大,在世界上无出其右。
该问题分值: 20
When it comes to Chine culture, the Great Wall is the one that will be definitely referred to. From the 7th century BC to the 16th century, through about 2200 years, the Great Wall was built in 19 dynasties and reached a length of more than 100000 kilometers. Major construction was carried out in Qin, Han and Ming Dynasties. The Great Wall we visit nowadays is mainly the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty, stretching 6700 kilometers from Shanhai Pass on the eastern ashore to Jiayu Pass in the depth of dert. The Great W
all is the greatest project in the history of the world for its unparalleled span of construction, number of labors and difficulty. [解析] 1.第一句中,“说到”可以用When it comes to来表示;“不得不提到”也就是“肯定会提到”,故可译为will be definitely referred to。
2.第二句中,“公元前”和“公元”可以分别用BC和AD表示,其中AD也可以省略。
3.第四句中,“现今存有遗迹的主要是明长城”的完整表达应该是“现今存有遗迹的长城主要是明长城”,因此翻译时应把“长城”增译出来。另外,“现今存有遗迹的”可以直译为the remains of the Great Wall,也可以意译为the Great Wall we visit nowadays,因为我们现在游览的就是长城的遗迹。
4.分析第五句可知,句子主干为:长城是世界历史上最伟大的工程。句子的其他成分可以看作是长城成为最伟大的工程的原因,故可用for引导,表示原因。“在世界上无出其右”就是在世界上是空前的,故用unparalleled表示。
背面图片4.
茶文化
茶原产于中国。四千多年前,中国人就有饮茶的习惯了。唐代时,日本的僧人从中国引入茶种,将茶文化与同样是引入的 禅宗思想 (Zen Buddhism)相结合,形成了闻名世界的 日本茶道 (Japane tea ceremony)。17世纪时,荷兰商人将中国人饮茶的习惯带到欧洲,进而形成了欧洲人喝茶的传统,比如英国的下午茶。在19世纪之前,世界各地饮用的茶叶都来自中国,英文中茶叶的读音就是根据福建方言中茶的读音而来的。茶,是中国人对世界的重要贡献。
该问题分值: 20
Tea was originally produced in China. Chine people formed a habit of drinking tea more than 4000 years ago. During the Tang Dynasty, Japane monks introduced tea eds to Japan, **bined tea culture with Zen Buddhism which was also introduced to Japan, so the world-famous Japane tea ceremony was created. In the 17th century, Dutch business
men took Chine people"s habit of drinking tea to Europe, thus forming the European custom of drinking tea, such as afternoon tea in Britain. Before the 19th century, all the tea in the world was produced in China. The pronunciation of "tea" in English is derived from Fujian dialect. Tea is an important contribution made by Chine people to the world. [解析] 1.第二句中,“有……的习惯”可以用formed/had a habit of ...来表达。
2.第三句中的“引入”可译为introduced ... to ...。
3.第四句中,“荷兰商人”可以翻译为Dutch businessmen。
4.第五句中,“根据……而来”可用is derived from ...表示。
苹果手表功能
5.
中国汉字
近年来,随着经济的快速增长,中国的国际影响力提升了,世界上学汉字的人也多了起来。这套独特的符号系统积淀了丰富的历史文化内容,西方人在学汉字的过程中甚至能体会到这个东方民族的微妙心灵。如今在中国,汉字也越来越受到人们的重视。人们发现,
这一文字符号包含着丰富的文化内涵和审美意蕴,在科技飞速发展的今天,反而越来越显示出它的光彩。古老的文字在现代的文化生活中焕发出新的魅力。
该问题分值: 20
绿豆薏仁
宠物猫图片With its rapid economic development in recent years, China"s international influence has greatly incread, so the number of Chine character learners across the world has been on the ri. This unique symbol system accumulates the rich historical and cultural content in it. When Western people learn Chine characters, they may even understand the delicate thoughts of this oriental nation. Nowadays, great importance is attached to Chine characters in China. It is found that the glamor of the character symbols with rich cultural and aesthetic connotation is greatly shown especially in the current society with rapid scientific development. The ancient characters are revitalized in modern civilization. [解析] 1.第一句中,需要把“世界上学汉字的人也多了起来”与句中提到的“中国
的国际影响力提升”之间的逻辑关系增译出来,即“中国的国际影响力提升”是“世界上学汉字的人也多了起来”的原因,译文中用了so来表达这种因果关系。
2.第二句中的“积淀”可以转化为积累,故译为accumulates。
3.第四句中,“人们发现”译为It is found that比用People find that更加地道。
4.第四句中的“包含……审美意蕴”可以译为“这一文字符号”的后置定语,这样翻译可以使句子结构紧凑,不啰唆。
5.第五句中,“焕发出新的魅力”可译为are revitalized。