江苏省无锡市2022-2023学年高三上学期期末质量检测
英语试题
一、阅读理解
1. Matthew Kneale is the award-winning author of fiction and non-fiction, including English pasngers, which won the Whitbread Book Award. He shares the books that have changed his life.
The adventures of Tintin by Hergé
As a child I loved the Tintin books — for their adventures, their characters and their stylish illustrations. Though Hergé visited almost none of the faraway places he drew, he captured (捕捉) them perfectly. His images, whether of Peru, Arabia, India or China, stayed with me and later, when I became a keen traveler, Tintin’s destinations were the places that I most wanted to reach. I never saw them all, needless to say, but I got to quite a few.
Stig of the Dump by Clive King
This was another book I loved as a child — the story of a boy who is bored staying with his grandparen
ts, when he runs into Stig, a friendly Stone Age man. When my father read it to my sister and me, I was already fascinated by history and I loved the way the book captured the mystery of our distant, unrecorded past. Its charm stayed with me and much later I spent many a weekend driving around Britain, getting lost on small country roads, looking for prehistoric tombs and stone circles. There’s something breathtaking about the places, which are often in extraordinary locations.
I Claudius / Claudius the God by Robert Graves
When I first saw Rome, aged eight, I was amazed by the city’s layers of history and this same magic led me to come and live here, 20 years ago. I first read I Claudius as a teenager and was attracted by the story of friendly, stammering, ridiculed Claudius, who grows up in the vipers’ nest of Rome’s imperial family and who, against all the odds, as his relatives destroy one another, survives and ris. Graves, a fine scholar, has a talent for making the past spring to life, in all its nastiness and wonder. In my own writing, fiction and non-fiction, I’ve tried to follow his example — to make history shocked, as it should do.
1. What can we learn from the passage?
A．Rich travel experience shaped Herge.
B．Stig of the Dump is adapted from a true story.
以逸待劳C．Matthew showed great interest in history as a child.
D．The clo family relationship helped Claudius’ growth.
2. Why does Matthew share the three books?
A．Becau they manage to bring the past back to life.
B．Becau they are great reprentatives of non-fictions.
C．Becau they are known for their stylish illustrations.
D．Becau they make a great difference to Matthew’s life.
3. Where can we probably find the passage?
A．In a magazine. B．In a history book.
C．In a travel brochure. D．In an advertiment.
2. The Royal Ballet is to stage a performance featuring a disabled dancer, recognizing that being inclusive (包容) is “not just about diversity of race, but also about diversity of physical ability”.
Joe Powell-Main, who us a wheelchair and sticks to perform, tells a story about overcoming life’s obstacles to pursue a dream that he has had since he was five. Having danced from the age of four, he won a place at the famous Royal Ballet School (RBS), even performing as a student in a Royal Ballet staging of The Nutcracker — only to e his hopes of becoming a professional dancer hit by a condition that affected his mobility.
During his fourth year of training, he developed injuries following a period of growth, leading to surgery on his left knee. Complications (并发症) developed and a rious car accident took a further toll on his body, bringing his training to an end. Aged 15, he was using a wheelchair and assumed he would never dance again.
But his life was transformed after his mother spotted a leaflet about wheelchair dancing, which played a part in helping him to accept his disability. Powell-Main recalled, “When I acquired my disability, I completely thought dance wasn’t an option for me and was completely over. Then why not ballet? In terms of partnering, it’s a new way of doing things.”
纹身清洗He took part in the Royal Ballet’s platform Draft Works, which has now been extended and he’ll perform it as a 10-minute duet (双人舞) with Lubach. “Powell-Main made an impression on me. Dancing with him was really special, which has opened up refreshing possibilities, new ways of partnering, sharing weight between each other, using speed and dynamic in different ways,” Lub ach said.
Emma Southworth, the Royal Ballet’s creative producer, said, “If someone has a wheelchair, what are the possibilities of moving in a wheelchair? If the stick becomes the extension of the arm, what does that mean? If we’re really being properly in clusive,
斑马电影院we’ve got to look at how we work with disabled performers.”
小吊桥
1. What was a turning point in Powell-Main’s life?
A．A rious car accident. B．The surgery on his left knee.
C．A leaflet about wheelchair dancing. D．The performance in The Nutcracker.
2. What does the underlined word “toll” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Step. B．Risk. C．Break. D．Damage.
认为的过去式
3. What can we learn about Powell-Main?
A．He refud to submit to the fate despite his disability.
B．He has been suffering from the knee injuries since he was five.
C．He stood out in RBS due to his hard work and professional skills.
D．His dancing career was totally ruined by the unexpected car accident.
找个理由
4. What might be the best title?
A．A special performance B．A life full of obstacles
C．A unique wheelchair dancer D．The Royal Ballet’s rich diversity
3. Advanced technology brings with it a lot of benefits to us. You can now prevent the speech of a single target person from being recorded by using a device called voice jammer.
Voice jammers work much like noi-canceling headphones, which effectively remove unwanted background sound waves out of existence by playing back a copy of the unwanted sound with its wa
ve pattern inverted (反向的).
Such voice jammers generally stop electronic eavesdropping (窃听) on conversations by broadcasting inver sound waves that affect all microphones within earshot.
This can prevent nearby people’s phones from picking up their voices if they try to make a call, and can stop them interacting with smart assistants, warning that something strange is going on.
Now Qiben Yan at Michigan State University and his colleagues have created a voice jammer that can target a specific voice without causing interruption to anyone el. They did this by training an artificial intelligence called a neural network to isolate (隔断) a speaker’s voice, allowing the jammer to create an inver sound matched to their speech.
Rather than nding an audible sound, their tool, called Neural Enhanced Cancellation (NEC), makes u of a bug found in all but the most expensive microphones. This bug introduces sounds at t distances above and below the microphone’s recording frequencies. NEC is able to play its inver speech in the ultrasonic (超声波) range, so that humans can’t hear it. Doing this at the point of recording provides the necessary frequencies to cretly block an audible voice.
The team found that NEC blocked voices on a range of smartphones from Apple, Xiaomi and Samsung at a distance of up to 3.6 metres. And this technology could be uful.
1. How do voice jammers prevent a speech from being recorded?
A．By playing inver sound waves. B．By interacting with smart assistants. C．By keeping wave pattern unchanged. D．By broadcasting different sound waves.
2. What does Paragraph 6 focus on?
A．Stressing the importance of NEC. B．Showing the steps of using NEC. C．Describing the disadvantages of NEC. D．Explaining the working theory of NEC.
3. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The NEC blocking voices. B．A device against eavesdropping.
C．A bug playing inver sound waves. D．The technology changing the speech. 4. What might be discusd in the following paragraph?
学酸辣粉
A．Disadvantages of voice jammers. B．Public opinions on voice jammers. C．Further development of voice jammers. D．Potential applications of voice jammers.
4. Avoid the supermarket shelves piled with chee, cupcakes and pies. That is the message of an analysis that found the items are the worst when looking at both nutritional and environmental impacts of thousands of food and drink products sold in the UK and Ireland. So far, most studies have focud on the environmental impact of goods such as beef or beans, rather than tofu and other products that shoppers often buy. Where rearch has focud on such products, it has usually been for a small number of them.
In a bid to bridge the gap, Micheal Clark at the University of Oxford and his colleagues analyzed more than 57,000 food and drink products sold in the UK and Ireland. The team took the ingredients (成份) data from eight retailers (零售商), including major supermarkets Tesco and Sainsbury’s. However, preci figures on how much of each ingredient is in each product were only available for around a tenth of them. To estimate the rest, Clark and his colleagues trained an algorithm (算法) on the known products and ud it to predict the composition of the unknown ones. Finally, the team linked all the ingredients to an existing databa of environmental impacts, including emissions (排放), land u and water stress.
The results may come as no surpri: meat, fish and chee products had highest environmental impact while fruit, vegetables, bread and sugary drink products had the lowest burden. Clark admits that none of this is exciting, given what we already knew from past rearch. “What is important is that you can start getting the impact estimates for products that people are purchasing, which then has a lot of effects,” he says.
One of tho is eco-lables, which can help consumers to make greener choices. However, retailers have struggled in the past with the challenge of the large number of food. Clark is thinking about how to eventually turn the data into an app that could be ud either by shoppers or by retailers wanting to reduce their environmental impact. “We’ve made tha t information available in a way that means people can start making informed decisions,” he says.
1. What is the purpo of Clark’s study?
A．To solve the environmental problems with some products.
B．To point out the mistakes of the previous rearch.
C．To focus on the important ingredients data from retailers.
D．To estimate the environmental impact of frequently-bought products.
2. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A．The process of Clark’s study.B．The result of Clark’s study.
C．The significanc e of Clark’s study.D．The limitation of Clark’s study.
3. What can be inferred about Clark’s study from Paragraph 3?
A．Surprising. B．Worrying. C．Meaningful. D．Doubtful.
4. Which of the following products should people buy according to Clark’s study? A．Nutritious food like beef and eggs. B．Green food like carrots and bananas. C．Healthy food like fish and tofu. D．Fresh food like milk and chicken
竞选班委的演讲稿
二、七选五
5. To hug or not to hug? That’s the question right now. 1 Depending on where you live, many of us are vaccinated (打疫苗). But it’s hard to know for sure before you hug whether or not the person y
ou’re leaning into has got vaccinated. Meanwhile, many of us are longing for the warmth of a hug after long stretches of social isolation. Humans biologically need touch, and a good long hug is one of the best ways to get it.
Degge White, a professor at Northern Illinois University, says that our need for a hug goes all the way back to the survival of our species. When we’re born, we can’t care for ourlves and we need to be comfortable with being held in order to
