《石钟山记》译文（选段）
下面一段文字，选自北宋苏轼的名篇《石钟山记》的最后一段。这是作者在赴任途中写下的一篇游记，通过对"石钟山"三个字来历的亲身考察，意在说明对事物下结论时既不能盲从前人，也不能主观臆断，强调凡事亲历亲为，细究原委的作风与精神。
服务人员 ① 事不目见耳闻，而臆断其有无，可乎？
（译文1）：Is it right for one to assume that something exists without eing or hearing it on one's own?
（译文2）：Would it do to make judgment without personal perceptional experience?
"臆断"是指"眼不见，耳不闻"情况下的主观推测，即：suppo, speculate。这句话还被译为：How can one assume that something exists without eing or hearing about it?
② 郦元之所见所闻，殆与余同，而言之不详；士大夫终不肯以小舟夜泊绝壁之下，故莫能知；而渔工水师，虽知而不能言。此世所以不传也。 情感世界
（译文1）：Li Yuan saw and heard almost the same things as I did, but he did not write a detailed de
春节注意事项
script_ion of the scene. The scholar bureaucrats did not discover the true cau of the sound becau they were loath to visit the precipice by boat at night. And although the fishermen and the boatmen knew the reason, they could not write it down. This explains why most people were denied the knowledge of why the mountain was so named.
（译文2）： Li Daoyuan's knowledge of the Stone Bell Hill approximated mine. Yet he failed to give it a circumstantial descript_ion. The gentlefolk, unwilling to make a nocturnal boat trip to the foot of the precipice, eventually fell short of the truth, whereas the fishermen and boatmen, knowing it well, could not t down in words their discovery, and it remains hidden from the world.
魏书
作者在此总结事物真相难以流传的原因：不能像"士大夫（scholar-official, literati）"那样舍不得放下架子去实地考查；此外不但要会观察，而且还要会表达并且善于表达。惟此真相才有可能传诸后世。
海外徒闻更九州
③ 而陋者乃以斧斤考击而求之，自以为得其实。
（译文1）：They were plead to explain the phenomenon by striking the rocks with an ax.
（译文2）：Now the shallow scholar came to knock the stones with an ax, attempting to ek the truth, and flattered himlf with a specious success.
译文1中的they，承接的是上一句中most people。而原文中的"陋者"，指的是像李渤之类的"见识浅陋"（superficial or shallow view）的人，而并非指所有不知情者。译文2中的specious是从旁观者的角度对"浅陋之人"的举动所做的评价，实际上"陋者"是不会认为自己的结论似是而非的，更不会由此而心满意足地flatter himlf。放风筝的技巧
④ 余是以记之，盖叹
郦元之简，而笑李渤之陋也。 不爱吃饭
有专 （译文1）：I recorded this experience to show that I felt sorry for the sketchiness of Li Yuan's descript_ion and could not help laughing at Li Bo's inept efforts.
（译文2）： So I write this essay, deploring Li Daoyuan's omission and laughing at Li Bo's flimsy obrvation.
"简"字，就是"简单、简略"之意，与omission不同。这里又一次出现 "陋"字，与"陋见"、"孤陋寡闻"中的"陋"字近义，都强调由于ignorant或ill-informed而带来的贻笑大方的举动。
作者评古论今，指出过往人物在探求一处小小地名的来龙去脉时所犯的种种疏漏。其实，后世的考证也并非都赞成苏轼的一家之言。曾有人指出，石钟山是因为其外形类似石钟而得名的。不过，无论
是哪种猜测，可能与命名者的本意早已大相径庭，而且也不重要了。作者一番理直气壮的评说，其价值还在言外之意，就如《唐宋八大家文读本》中的评论： "（此文）记山水，并悟读书观理之法，盖臆断有无，而或浅或陋，均非可以求古人也。"
